The effect o f two important characteristics o f D illm an's Total Design M ethod f o r mail surv... more The effect o f two important characteristics o f D illm an's Total Design M ethod f o r mail surveys (personalized cover letters and last reminder by certified mail) were experimentally investigated. A sample from the general population o f the Netherlands was used. I f the Total Design M ethod is used the response in the Netherlands is comparable to the response in the United States (± 70%). Both personalization o f cover letter and the use o f certified mail is important; omission of either one results in a significantly lower response. Inleiding * De auteurs d a n k e n p r o f .d r. J. d e Jo n g-G ierv eld v o o r h a a r c o m m e n ta a r o p een ee rd e re versie v an d it m a nuscript. E en u itg e b re id o n d e rz o e k sv e rsla g is o p te v rag en b ij de ee rste a u te u r. ** De auteurs zijn v erb o n d e n a a n d e U n iv ersiteit v an A m ste rd a m .
Collecte de données par ordinateur, qualité des données et coûts - une taxonomie et bibliographie... more Collecte de données par ordinateur, qualité des données et coûts - une taxonomie et bibliographie annotée. Par des appels aux contributions publiés et des analyses de bases de données, l'auteur a repéré la littérature sur la collecte de données par ordinateur et la qualité des données pour construire une bibliographie annotée dans laquelle chaque entrée est codée par rapport à une taxonomie.
ABSTRACT Meta-analysis concerns the statistical integration of a larger number of results from em... more ABSTRACT Meta-analysis concerns the statistical integration of a larger number of results from empirical studies ...
In an optimal design for mixed‐mode surveys, be it within a country or across countries, there ar... more In an optimal design for mixed‐mode surveys, be it within a country or across countries, there are three phases that need attention. The first phase is the design phase: it is important to prevent mode measurement effects when designing the study. A richer source of additional data will help to achieve a better estimation of mode effects. After the data are collected, the next two phases are estimating the potential mode measurement effect due to different modes and adjusting for any such bias. Survey modes differ on several dimensions, for instance, interviewer‐administered versus self‐administered questionnaires and information transmission and communication. The use of well‐established and validated constructs and multiquestion scales across countries and modes helps achieving measurement equivalence countries and modes. Mixed‐mode designs and mode changes are often implemented for sound methodological reasons. Using a mixed‐mode design implies a careful trade‐off among coverage, nonresponse, measurement errors, and cost.
Journal of survey statistics and methodology, Jan 9, 2020
There is an ongoing debate in the survey research literature about whether and when probability a... more There is an ongoing debate in the survey research literature about whether and when probability and nonprobability sample surveys produce accurate estimates of a larger population. Statistical theory provides a justification for confidence in probability sampling as a function of the survey design, whereas inferences based on nonprobability sampling are entirely dependent on models for validity. This article reviews the
Computer assisted telephone interviewing, and to a lesser degree, computer assisted face-to-face ... more Computer assisted telephone interviewing, and to a lesser degree, computer assisted face-to-face interviewing, are by now widely used in survey research. Recently, self-administered forms of computer-assisted data collection, such as web surveys, have become extremely popular. Advocates of computer assisted interviewing (CAI) claim that its main advantages are improved data quality and lower costs. This paper summarizes what is currently known about computer assisted data collection methods. The emphasis is on data quality and the influence of technology on the respondent.
Bulletin de méthodologie sociologique, Apr 1, 2012
We still cannot look inside people’s heads. To measure emotions, opinions, evaluations, associati... more We still cannot look inside people’s heads. To measure emotions, opinions, evaluations, associations, and intentions, we have to ask people about these phenomena. Our data collection has changed over time, and many different methods are available. At present, Internet surveys are widely used in market research and are becoming an important data collection tool in universities. The main advantages of Internet surveys are the speed and cost reduction in comparison to more traditional data collection methods, the positive effect of self-administration, such as more privacy, use of more complex questionnaire routing, and in general a greater interactivity. Disadvantages are problems of Internet coverage of the general population, especially under-coverage of certain subgroups such as the elderly and the lower educated, and non-response. This contribution provides a review of existing studies comparing online surveys with more traditional data collection methods.
This study investigates the impact of different modes and tailor-made response enhancing measures... more This study investigates the impact of different modes and tailor-made response enhancing measures (TMREM)-such as bilingual interviewers with a shared ethnic background and translated questionnaires-on the measurement of substantive variables in surveys among minority ethnic groups in the Netherlands. It also provides insight into the ability to detect mode measurement effects of a recently developed method for disentangling mode measurement and mode selection effects, as well as into the tenability of the assumptions underlying this method. The data used in this study come from a large-scale survey design experiment among the four largest non-Western minority ethnic groups in the Netherlands comparing single-mode computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) and sequential computerassisted web interviewing, computer-assisted telephone interviewing, and CAPI-MM. The number and intensity of the TMREM varied among the four
Bulletin de méthodologie sociologique, Oct 1, 2013
This article presents an overview of the history of survey methodology and survey statistics base... more This article presents an overview of the history of survey methodology and survey statistics based on an analysis of BMS issues since the start in October 1983. The author, member of the BMS Scientific Committee, discusses the changes in modes of data collection, the changing emphasis on different error sources in surveys, and trends in analysis and analysis tools. She reflects on recent developments in mixed-mode and Internet surveys, and ends with some thoughts on the future.
In den letzten Jahren hat die Schweiz eine starke Zunahme der Migrationsstrome erlebt, die mit ei... more In den letzten Jahren hat die Schweiz eine starke Zunahme der Migrationsstrome erlebt, die mit einer Veranderung des Bildungsniveaus der Einwandernden einherging. In der Vergangenheit waren diese neuen Realitaten aufgrund fehlender Daten schwer bezifferbar. Vorliegender Artikel beschreibt auf der Basis neuer Daten die Entwicklung der Zusammensetzung der Migrationsstrome in die Schweiz unter dem Aspekt des Bildungsniveaus und untersucht die Rolle des Arbeitsmarktes im Kontext dieser Migration. So hat sich die Zuwanderung hochqualifizierter Arbeitskrafte zwischen 1991 und 2014 mehr als verdoppelt. Insbesondere Migrantinnen und Migranten aus dem Vereinigten Konigreich, Nordamerika und Indien verfugen im Gegensatz zu Eingewanderten aus Portugal, Westafrika oder Sudamerika mehrheitlich uber eine Tertiarbildung. Und schliesslich erklart sich diese Zuwanderung hauptsachlich durch die Nachfrage auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, die mit einheimischen Arbeitskraften nicht befriedigt werden konnte.
We first present an overview of international figures on nonresponse and their trend over time, d... more We first present an overview of international figures on nonresponse and their trend over time, distinguishing between noncontacts and refusals. In the second part we model differences between countries, using background variables on survey design and ...
Self-administered questionnaires have many advantages, especially when sensitive questions are as... more Self-administered questionnaires have many advantages, especially when sensitive questions are asked. However, paper self-administered questionnaires have a serious drawback: only relatively simple questionnaires can be used. Computer Assisted Self-Interviewing (CASI) can overcome these problems, and make it possible to use very complex self-administered questionnaires. CASI can take several forms, for instance, it can be a part of a personal (CAPI) interview where the interviewer hands over the computer to the respondent for specific questions. Another form is a computerized version of the mail survey: Disk-by-Mail. We have used both forms in an application for very special populations (primary school children, visually impaired young adults, and parents and children from multi problem families, in which professional guidance for the family was sought). This paper provides an introduction to computer assisted self-interviewing (CASI) and reviews the advantages and disadvantages of CASI with special attention to data quality. We discus the advantages of CASI when investigating special groups and topics and provide general advice on how to tailor standard CASI procedures for surveys of special groups.
The effect o f two important characteristics o f D illm an's Total Design M ethod f o r mail surv... more The effect o f two important characteristics o f D illm an's Total Design M ethod f o r mail surveys (personalized cover letters and last reminder by certified mail) were experimentally investigated. A sample from the general population o f the Netherlands was used. I f the Total Design M ethod is used the response in the Netherlands is comparable to the response in the United States (± 70%). Both personalization o f cover letter and the use o f certified mail is important; omission of either one results in a significantly lower response. Inleiding * De auteurs d a n k e n p r o f .d r. J. d e Jo n g-G ierv eld v o o r h a a r c o m m e n ta a r o p een ee rd e re versie v an d it m a nuscript. E en u itg e b re id o n d e rz o e k sv e rsla g is o p te v rag en b ij de ee rste a u te u r. ** De auteurs zijn v erb o n d e n a a n d e U n iv ersiteit v an A m ste rd a m .
Collecte de données par ordinateur, qualité des données et coûts - une taxonomie et bibliographie... more Collecte de données par ordinateur, qualité des données et coûts - une taxonomie et bibliographie annotée. Par des appels aux contributions publiés et des analyses de bases de données, l'auteur a repéré la littérature sur la collecte de données par ordinateur et la qualité des données pour construire une bibliographie annotée dans laquelle chaque entrée est codée par rapport à une taxonomie.
ABSTRACT Meta-analysis concerns the statistical integration of a larger number of results from em... more ABSTRACT Meta-analysis concerns the statistical integration of a larger number of results from empirical studies ...
In an optimal design for mixed‐mode surveys, be it within a country or across countries, there ar... more In an optimal design for mixed‐mode surveys, be it within a country or across countries, there are three phases that need attention. The first phase is the design phase: it is important to prevent mode measurement effects when designing the study. A richer source of additional data will help to achieve a better estimation of mode effects. After the data are collected, the next two phases are estimating the potential mode measurement effect due to different modes and adjusting for any such bias. Survey modes differ on several dimensions, for instance, interviewer‐administered versus self‐administered questionnaires and information transmission and communication. The use of well‐established and validated constructs and multiquestion scales across countries and modes helps achieving measurement equivalence countries and modes. Mixed‐mode designs and mode changes are often implemented for sound methodological reasons. Using a mixed‐mode design implies a careful trade‐off among coverage, nonresponse, measurement errors, and cost.
Journal of survey statistics and methodology, Jan 9, 2020
There is an ongoing debate in the survey research literature about whether and when probability a... more There is an ongoing debate in the survey research literature about whether and when probability and nonprobability sample surveys produce accurate estimates of a larger population. Statistical theory provides a justification for confidence in probability sampling as a function of the survey design, whereas inferences based on nonprobability sampling are entirely dependent on models for validity. This article reviews the
Computer assisted telephone interviewing, and to a lesser degree, computer assisted face-to-face ... more Computer assisted telephone interviewing, and to a lesser degree, computer assisted face-to-face interviewing, are by now widely used in survey research. Recently, self-administered forms of computer-assisted data collection, such as web surveys, have become extremely popular. Advocates of computer assisted interviewing (CAI) claim that its main advantages are improved data quality and lower costs. This paper summarizes what is currently known about computer assisted data collection methods. The emphasis is on data quality and the influence of technology on the respondent.
Bulletin de méthodologie sociologique, Apr 1, 2012
We still cannot look inside people’s heads. To measure emotions, opinions, evaluations, associati... more We still cannot look inside people’s heads. To measure emotions, opinions, evaluations, associations, and intentions, we have to ask people about these phenomena. Our data collection has changed over time, and many different methods are available. At present, Internet surveys are widely used in market research and are becoming an important data collection tool in universities. The main advantages of Internet surveys are the speed and cost reduction in comparison to more traditional data collection methods, the positive effect of self-administration, such as more privacy, use of more complex questionnaire routing, and in general a greater interactivity. Disadvantages are problems of Internet coverage of the general population, especially under-coverage of certain subgroups such as the elderly and the lower educated, and non-response. This contribution provides a review of existing studies comparing online surveys with more traditional data collection methods.
This study investigates the impact of different modes and tailor-made response enhancing measures... more This study investigates the impact of different modes and tailor-made response enhancing measures (TMREM)-such as bilingual interviewers with a shared ethnic background and translated questionnaires-on the measurement of substantive variables in surveys among minority ethnic groups in the Netherlands. It also provides insight into the ability to detect mode measurement effects of a recently developed method for disentangling mode measurement and mode selection effects, as well as into the tenability of the assumptions underlying this method. The data used in this study come from a large-scale survey design experiment among the four largest non-Western minority ethnic groups in the Netherlands comparing single-mode computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) and sequential computerassisted web interviewing, computer-assisted telephone interviewing, and CAPI-MM. The number and intensity of the TMREM varied among the four
Bulletin de méthodologie sociologique, Oct 1, 2013
This article presents an overview of the history of survey methodology and survey statistics base... more This article presents an overview of the history of survey methodology and survey statistics based on an analysis of BMS issues since the start in October 1983. The author, member of the BMS Scientific Committee, discusses the changes in modes of data collection, the changing emphasis on different error sources in surveys, and trends in analysis and analysis tools. She reflects on recent developments in mixed-mode and Internet surveys, and ends with some thoughts on the future.
In den letzten Jahren hat die Schweiz eine starke Zunahme der Migrationsstrome erlebt, die mit ei... more In den letzten Jahren hat die Schweiz eine starke Zunahme der Migrationsstrome erlebt, die mit einer Veranderung des Bildungsniveaus der Einwandernden einherging. In der Vergangenheit waren diese neuen Realitaten aufgrund fehlender Daten schwer bezifferbar. Vorliegender Artikel beschreibt auf der Basis neuer Daten die Entwicklung der Zusammensetzung der Migrationsstrome in die Schweiz unter dem Aspekt des Bildungsniveaus und untersucht die Rolle des Arbeitsmarktes im Kontext dieser Migration. So hat sich die Zuwanderung hochqualifizierter Arbeitskrafte zwischen 1991 und 2014 mehr als verdoppelt. Insbesondere Migrantinnen und Migranten aus dem Vereinigten Konigreich, Nordamerika und Indien verfugen im Gegensatz zu Eingewanderten aus Portugal, Westafrika oder Sudamerika mehrheitlich uber eine Tertiarbildung. Und schliesslich erklart sich diese Zuwanderung hauptsachlich durch die Nachfrage auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, die mit einheimischen Arbeitskraften nicht befriedigt werden konnte.
We first present an overview of international figures on nonresponse and their trend over time, d... more We first present an overview of international figures on nonresponse and their trend over time, distinguishing between noncontacts and refusals. In the second part we model differences between countries, using background variables on survey design and ...
Self-administered questionnaires have many advantages, especially when sensitive questions are as... more Self-administered questionnaires have many advantages, especially when sensitive questions are asked. However, paper self-administered questionnaires have a serious drawback: only relatively simple questionnaires can be used. Computer Assisted Self-Interviewing (CASI) can overcome these problems, and make it possible to use very complex self-administered questionnaires. CASI can take several forms, for instance, it can be a part of a personal (CAPI) interview where the interviewer hands over the computer to the respondent for specific questions. Another form is a computerized version of the mail survey: Disk-by-Mail. We have used both forms in an application for very special populations (primary school children, visually impaired young adults, and parents and children from multi problem families, in which professional guidance for the family was sought). This paper provides an introduction to computer assisted self-interviewing (CASI) and reviews the advantages and disadvantages of CASI with special attention to data quality. We discus the advantages of CASI when investigating special groups and topics and provide general advice on how to tailor standard CASI procedures for surveys of special groups.
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Papers by Edith de Leeuw