MFLL

РОССИЯ В ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИИ АМЕРИКАНЦЕВ: ИСТОКИ ОБРАЗА И ЕГО ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ Для Америки в целом с ее традиционным изоляционизмом, обусловленным географией и историей, интерес к другим культурам не характерен. Страна создавалась энергией отрыва от «старого мира», верой в возможность начать жить на совершенно новых основаниях, свободных от пороков и раздоров «старой родины». Традиции изоляционизма связаны также с протестантской религией, с презрением к элитарности, иерархии. Путешествие в Европу долгое время рассматривалось как роскошь, привилегия образованной элиты. Европейское образование, интеллектуализм европейской культуры вызывали недоверие, как всякая претензия на исключительность.

Abstract
Chekhov’s works exhibit a distinctive pattern of references to human suffering that corresponds to his reserve in matters concerning his personal life. Signals of the pain and suffering of his characters represent an understated but identifiable code that allows the audience to interpret the meaning of the characters’ muted emotions. Chekhov was especially sensitive to inconspicuous human pain, hushed despair and humiliation of those who were unable to express their grief due to a lack of confidence and of a sense of their own worth. The code emerges as a strand of literary devices, often perceived as incongruities, which signal that we are confronted with the unutterable. This article offers an inventory of discursive elements that occur in disturbing situations and convey unease without naming its reasons.

This article follows life and writings of Leonid Chertkov (1933 -2000), an archivist, poet, and political emigrant. From his initial interest in concealed literary facts during the Soviet years came his continuous preoccupation with forgotten and unappreciated authors. He singlehandedly introduced many authors of the early twentieth and eighteenth centuries to young Moscow and Leningrad poets of the 1950s and 1960s.