Papers by Emedya Samsudin
Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology
Natural fibre has been conventionally and widely utilised as a sound absorber in order to replace... more Natural fibre has been conventionally and widely utilised as a sound absorber in order to replace the traditional synthetic absorber materials. In this study, coir fibre (CF) was prepared as an acoustic absorber and subjected to an additional surface treatment by using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at various concentrations ranging from 1% to 8%. This was geared towards analysing the effect of alkalisation on the fibre morphology, diameter, and changes occurring in the CF functional groups, thus resulting in enhanced sound absorption properties. To this end, the fibre surface was analysed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the surface morphology of treated and untreated CF materials, whereas the implementation of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) allowed an analysis of CF characterisation. The absorber sample was fabricated at a constant thickness of 45mm and a density of 0.4g/cm3 density prior to testing for the sound absorption coefficient (SAC) by using an impedance tu...
Noise pollution is one of the major threats in many countries that affect our quality of life. Th... more Noise pollution is one of the major threats in many countries that affect our quality of life. This problem can cause negative effect to human hearing, disturbing emotion as well as individual behavior. Noise can be treated and control by applying sound insulation or sound barriers at affected areas. Many studies attempt to optimize the use of natural fibers as sound insulation materials replacing readily available synthetic products in the market. Natural fibres such as rice straw, coconut coir, palm oil, tea-leaf, kenaf, hemp, bamboo, cotton, wood particle, wool and clay is biodegradable, renewable, cheap and give less potential risk to human health. Utilization of these materials as sound insulation product will give practical solutions in waste management issues. This paper review on the factors that influencing absorption performance of natural fibrous sound absorbing materials. Physical properties such as fiber thickness, density and porosity are the main factor that contribut...
MATEC Web of Conferences
Noise control is part of the major requirements to improve the living environment. One of the bes... more Noise control is part of the major requirements to improve the living environment. One of the best methods to reduce noise is by employing sound absorber material into a space. Since traditional sound absorber in the market was believed could cause health problems to human, the need for alternative material is desired. This research intended to utilize waste materials from palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) in the production of natural sound absorber for noise control in building. Two parameters were investigated; the fibre length and binder content to determine their effect on sound absorption. Samples were tested using impedance tube using low and high frequencies according to ISO 10534-2:2001. Consequently, both parameters show that different fibre length and binder content affected the ability of the fibre to absorb sound. Results show that the optimum fibre size is in between 2mm to 5mm length while the optimum amount of binder is between 0% to 5% and 15% from fibre weight. This ...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2016
Positive growth in palm oil Industry resulting in large quantities of solid waste generation and ... more Positive growth in palm oil Industry resulting in large quantities of solid waste generation and created a major disposal problem to the country. Among the major solid wastes generated from oil palm manufacturing processed are empty fruit bunches (EFB), mesocarp fruit fibres (MF) and palm kernel shells (PKS). This study investigated the utilization of EFB as sound absorption material for noise control in building. The effect of different form of EFB (coir and dust) was investigated in three different thicknesses (6mm, 12mm and 18mm) to determine the maximum sound absorption coefficient (SAC) and optimum frequencies. All samples were tested using impedance tube at low and high frequencies guided by BS EN ISO 10534. Results shows that dust EFB samples absorbed more sound energy compared to coir EFB samples at both low and high frequency region. Maximum SAC obtained by 18mm thick dust EFB samples at low frequency is 0.6 at 1500Hz while at high frequency; the maximum absorption was also...
MATEC Web of Conferences
Empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) and mesocarp fibre (MF) have been used in the fabrication of a new ... more Empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) and mesocarp fibre (MF) have been used in the fabrication of a new acoustic panel as a sound absorber for building. Measurements were carried out following ISO 354 in the mini reverberation chamber and the sound absorption performance of EFBMF acoustic panels were rated based on ISO 11654. Measurements of the new EFBMF acoustic panel involves five panel designs of 100 EFB dust panels, 80:20 dust panels, 100MF coir panels, 90:10 coir panels and 50:50 coir panels with 5 cm of initial thickness. Results showed that 100MF coir panel achieved αw of 0.90 coefficient and was rated as Class A absorber followed by 90:10 coir panels with αw of 0.85 coefficient and 100 EFB dust, 80:20 dust and 50:50 coir panels having αw of 0.80 coefficients and been rated as Class B absorber. This research has successfully defined that EFB and MF are viable to be used as raw fibre for acoustic absorber for building.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Every Friday, Muslims has been required to perform a special prayer known as the Friday prayers w... more Every Friday, Muslims has been required to perform a special prayer known as the Friday prayers which involve the delivery of a brief lecture (Khutbah). Speech intelligibility in oral communications presented by the preacher affected all the congregation and determined the level of acoustic quality in the interior of the mosque. Therefore, this study intended to assess the level of acoustic quality of three public mosques in Batu Pahat. Good acoustic quality is essential in contributing towards appreciation in prayers and increasing khusyu' during the worship, which is closely related to the speech intelligibility corresponding to the actual function of the mosque according to Islam. Acoustic parameters measured includes noise criteria (NC), reverberation time (RT) and speech transmission index (STI), and was performed using the sound level meter and sound measurement instruments. This test is carried out through the physical observation with the consideration of space and volume design as a factor affecting acoustic parameters. Results from all 3 mosques as the showed that the acoustic quality level inside these buildings are slightly poor which is at below 0.45 coefficients based on the standard. Among the factors that influencing the low acoustical quality are location, building materials, installation of sound absorption material and the number of occupants inside the mosque. As conclusion, the acoustic quality level of a mosque is highly depends on physical factors of the mosque such as the architectural design and space volume besides other factors as been identified by this study.
Journal of Natural Fibers
Noise control is part of the major requirements to improve the living environment. One of the bes... more Noise control is part of the major requirements to improve the living environment. One of the best methods to reduce noise is by employing sound absorber material into a space. Since traditional sound absorber in the market was believed could cause health problems to human, the need for alternative material is desired. This research intended to utilize waste materials from palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) in the production of natural sound absorber for noise control in building. Two parameters were investigated; the fibre length and binder content to determine their effect on sound absorption. Samples were tested using impedance tube using low and high frequencies according to ISO 10534-2:2001. Consequently, both parameters show that different fibre length and binder content affected the ability of the fibre to absorb sound. Results show that the optimum fibre size is in between 2mm to 5mm length while the optimum amount of binder is between 0% to 5% and 15% from fibre weight. This research has found that the highest Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) using 2mm to 5mm fibre size achieved 0.70 coefficients while the use of optimum amount of binder (particularly Urea Formaldehyde) could obtain 0.75 NRC. The newly develop panels are considered as a good sound absorbent and suitable to use as an alternative material replacing the synthetic absorber.
Empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) and mesocarp fibre (MF) have been used in the fabrication of a new ... more Empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) and mesocarp fibre (MF) have been used in the fabrication of a new acoustic panel as a sound absorber for building. Measurements were carried out following ISO 354 in the mini reverberation chamber and the sound absorption performance of EFBMF acoustic panels were rated based on ISO 11654. Measurements of the new EFBMF acoustic panel involves five panel designs of 100 EFB dust panels, 80:20 dust panels, 100MF coir panels, 90:10 coir panels and 50:50 coir panels with 5 cm of initial thickness. Results showed that 100MF coir panel achieved a w of 0.90 coefficient and was rated as Class A absorber followed by 90:10 coir panels with α w of 0.85 coefficient and 100 EFB dust, 80:20 dust and 50:50 coir panels having α w of 0.80 coefficients and been rated as Class B absorber. This research has successfully defined that EFB and MF are viable to be used as raw fibre for acoustic absorber for building.
Graphical abstract Abstract Positive growth in palm oil Industry resulting in large quantities of... more Graphical abstract Abstract Positive growth in palm oil Industry resulting in large quantities of solid waste generation and created a major disposal problem to the country. Among the major solid wastes generated from oil palm manufacturing processed are empty fruit bunches (EFB), mesocarp fruit fibres (MF) and palm kernel shells (PKS). This study investigated the utilization of EFB as sound absorption material for noise control in building. The effect of different form of EFB (coir and dust) was investigated in three different thicknesses (6mm, 12mm and 18mm) to determine the maximum sound absorption coefficient (SAC) and optimum frequencies. All samples were tested using impedance tube at low and high frequencies guided by BS EN ISO 10534. Results shows that dust EFB samples absorbed more sound energy compared to coir EFB samples at both low and high frequency region. Maximum SAC obtained by 18mm thick dust EFB samples at low frequency is 0.6 at 1500Hz while at high frequency; the maximum absorption was also obtained by 18mm thick dust EFB samples with SAC value of 0.990 at 3750Hz. This result indicated that thicker samples absorbed more sound energy compared to thinner samples. Moreover, small particles fibers consequently create less pores to the samples with higher density and higher sound absorption. In conclusion, palm oil fibre is highly potential to be used as raw material for sound absorption material replacing synthetic materials since these fiber are renewable, cheaper, nonabrasive, abundance and give less negative effect to human health. Abstrak Pertumbuhan positif industri minyak sawit negara telah menyebabkan banyak kuantiti sisa pepejal yang terjana dan seterusnya mengakibatkan masalah pelupusan sisa pepejal kepada negara. Tiga jenis sisa pepejal yang terhasil daripada proses pengilangan minyak sawit ialah tandan buah kosong (EFB), gentian mesokarp buah sawit (MF) dan tempurung biji sawit (PKS). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyiasat keberkesanan pengunaan EFB sebagai bahan penyerap bunyi untk kawalan bunyi bising dalam bangunan. Kesan rupabentuk EFB (debu dan sabut) pada ketebalan berbeza (6mm, 12mm dan 18mm) dikenalpasti bagi mendapatkan pekali penyerapan bunyi maksimum dan frekuensi optimum. Kesemua sampel diuji menggunakan tiub impedan pada frekuensi rendah dan tinggi berpandukan BS EN ISO 10534. Keputusan menunjukkan EFB dalam bentuk debu menyerap lebih banyak bunyi berbanding EFB dalam bentuk sabut pada frekuensi rendah dan tinggi. Nilai pekali
Palm oil production in Malaysia has produced large amounts of accumulated agricultural wastes as ... more Palm oil production in Malaysia has produced large amounts of accumulated agricultural wastes as a result of mill processing activities. Among the major solid wastes generated from one of these activities are Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Mesocarp Fiber (MF). Due to its fibrous characteristics and comparable performance with synthetic sound absorption materials, studies uti-lising both fibers have gained considerable interests by local researchers. This study investigated the influences of physical parameters (thickness, density and porosity) towards sound absorption performance of EFBMF acoustic panel. Impedance tube testing were conducted in accordance with BS EN ISO 10534-1: 2001 to measure the sound absorption coefficient of acoustic panel made from mixture of EFB and MF in five (5) different thicknesses. Fabrication of panels using different mixes and fibre forms, added with Urea Formaldehyde (UF) as the binding matrix has successfully created different densities and porosity effects on EFBMF panels. Findings showed that by increasing thickness, which significantly affected density and porosity of panels and thus resulting in higher Sound Absorption Coefficient (SAC) and Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) values. Increasing EFBMF panel thicknesses caused the obvious corresponding increase in panel densities and decrease in porosities. Regression analysis showed significant relationship between all three parameters. The ultimate NRC value for EFBMF panel achieved was 0.58 with optimum thickness of 4.5cm to 4.8cm, optimum bulk density of 0.4g/cm 3 and optimum apparent porosity of 65.5%. Eventhough the optimum NRC value obtained was slightly lower compared to synthetic materials, the EFBMF acoustic panel is still considered a good sound absorber. The results of this study is significant since these three variables have great influence in maximizing airflow resistivity and tortuosity of materials that enable energy to be dissipated inside the panel thus improving sound absorption performance of EFBMF acoustic panel.
Noise pollution is one of the major threats in many countries that affect our quality of life. Th... more Noise pollution is one of the major threats in many countries that affect our quality of life. This problem can cause negative effect to human hearing, disturbing emotion as well as individual behavior. Noise can be treated and control by applying sound insulation or sound barriers at affected areas. Many studies attempt to optimize the use of natural fibers as sound insulation materials replacing readily available synthetic products in the market. Natural fibres such as rice straw, coconut coir, palm oil, tea-leaf, kenaf, hemp, bamboo, cotton, wood particle, wool and clay is biodegradable, renewable, cheap and give less potential risk to human health. Utilization of these materials as sound insulation product will give practical solutions in waste management issues. This paper review on the factors that influencing absorption performance of natural fibrous sound absorbing materials. Physical properties such as fiber thickness, density and porosity are the main factor that contributes to sound absorption performance of natural fibers. It was found that most of natural fibers are capable to absorb sound in wide range of frequencies. Thicker panels are good for low frequency application while thinner absorbent is best for high frequency. Moreover, denser materials absorbed more sound energy compared to less dense materials. Significant effect on sound absorption performance was also given by materials with less porosity compared to materials which have more pores.
Uploads
Papers by Emedya Samsudin