Papers by Associate Prof. Dr-Ing. Joewono Prasetijo, P. Tech (Logistic & Transport)
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2017
Road crossings are considered as an unavoidable part of walking in which the desirable route of p... more Road crossings are considered as an unavoidable part of walking in which the desirable route of pedestrians interacts with vehicles. These interactions may expose the pedestrians to risks or delays. In Malaysia, road accident statistics show that pedestrian casualties are fairly high. Inappropriate gap acceptance when pedestrians cross roads is a main contributing element to this situation. In this context, the purpose of this study was to develop realistic models for pedestrian road crossing behaviour using the regression technique for mid-block street crossing. A choice model was produced to capture the decision making process of pedestrians whereas rejected or accepted vehicular gaps was based on the discrete choice theory. Gap acceptance data under real mix traffic conditions was collected using video camera on a typical unsignalised two lane one way urban street section in the city center of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The lognormal regression model developed for the crossing behaviour model shows that traffic speed, pedestrian waiting time, gender, crossing distance, age group, frequency of attempts and pedestrian number are the significant factors which are able to predict 77.0% of variance or changes in accepted gap size at 0.05 significance level. Higher traffic speed, lower waiting time, being a male, wider crossing distance, older age group, lower frequency of attempts and higher number of pedestrian were found to influence pedestrians to accept a bigger gap size. The binary logistic regression developed for the crossing choice model was found to be influenced by traffic speed, driver yield, pedestrian number and age group. Furthermore, lower traffic speed, willingness of drivers to slow down, more pedestrian crossings at the same time and a younger age group lead to a higher chance or probability of crossing roads. The model was validated again using 100 isolated samples and an accuracy of 98% was obtained compared to the calibrated model which yielded an accuracy of 98.9%.
Jurnal Teknologi, 2016
This study describes driver’s car following headway on multilane highways. The aim of this study... more This study describes driver’s car following headway on multilane highways. The aim of this study is to analyse the driver’s car following headway along multilane highway at four selected locations. The objectives of this study were to determine car headway at Jalan Batu Pahat – Ayer Hitam multilane highway and to develop linear regression models to present the relationships between headway and speed. Videotaping method was used in field data collection during peak hours. Data were extracted from recorded video by using the image processing technique software. The distance headways and associated vehicles speeds were classified into vehicle following category by vehicle type: car following car, car following heavy goods vehicle, heavy goods vehicle following heavy goods vehicle and heavy goods vehicle following car categories. Linear regressions models were used to develop the relationships between headway and speed. Based on all headway distribution, it is found that patterns ...
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2016
Traffic accidents are considered as an unplanned and unfortunate event which is a serious concern... more Traffic accidents are considered as an unplanned and unfortunate event which is a serious concern to the community as well as the authority. An accident-counter measure can reduce the rate of road accidents by initially identifying critical locations. The total of road accidents along FT 024 between 2009 and 2012 is 907 cases. Road accidents during the same period range between 24 % and 26 % each year. These accidents killed 34 people and injuring another 101 people. This research aims to identify factors that may contribute to the cause of accidents and to study the effects of speed, volume and road geometry on road accidents. In this study, the locations labelled as km 1, km 2, km 4, km 8, km 5 and km 14 of Federal Route FT 024 Yong Peng-Parit Sulong were selected as the study-case sections based on Accident Point Weightage of ranking, in which each location has different road characteristics. Speed study was carried out at selected road sections to evaluate the influence of speed upon road accidents; and traffic volume count was conducted at the same selected road sections to determine the existing condition of the route. Besides, road geometry observations and measurements were also conducted at selected sections, they were also studied to evaluate influence of road designs upon road accidents. The extracted data were analyzed by using regression analysis on different variables to evaluate the relationship between accident Weightage point and other dependent variables that were considered to have considerable effects upon road accidents such as mean speed, volume, shoulder width, lane width and access point. P value below 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. After conducting data analysis, this study showed that the number of road accidents increases with the increment of speed and access point. On the other hand, volume has no strong relationship to road accidents which means that it may not have an effect on accidents. Moreover, based on the assumptions made by the researchers and project supervisors, road safety index development is important for the selected road sections along FT 024 to improve the road conditions in terms of safety and also to propose improvements at the selected locations in order to reduce accident rate.
Transportation in Developing Economies, 2015
Conflict method is regarded as a viable solution for the drawbacks in the gap-acceptance approach... more Conflict method is regarded as a viable solution for the drawbacks in the gap-acceptance approach. It has been used for the capacity analysis of unsignalized intersections, which includes the two-way stop-controlled, and the all-way stop-controlled types. This method is now applied for the capacity estimation of vehicular streams at a non-priority intersection, where gap-forcing, poor lane discipline, violation of priority rule, and heterogeneous traffic co-exist. However, there are some issues encountered when applying the conflict method for non-priority intersection analysis, particularly with the occupation time and heterogeneous traffic. The concepts developed for capacity estimation have considered the blocking effect from all possible conflicting streams. Therefore, the additional concept with volume portion, P n,i is introduced. The probability of non-blocking traffic streams and the portion of consumed shared capacity by the subject stream are analyzed. The portion concept, P n,i provided a more realistic estimation. The proposed approaches generated high capacity values, even though the observed intersections have near-saturation traffic. A high percentage of small vehicles occupied the lateral lane space, which is permitted by gap-forcing and poor lane discipline, apart from their smaller footprint.
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Motorcycle is a common transport use in Malaysia compared to other transportation such as car. Ho... more Motorcycle is a common transport use in Malaysia compared to other transportation such as car. However, every year motorcyclist is the highest contributors towards road death accident statistic. This paper presents a new intervention to enhance the safety of motorcyclist regarding head injuries issue. A new approach called conceptual design of Safety Helmet Reminder (SHR) system is proposed. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is adopted to predict behavioral intention to use SHR among motorcyclists. The self- administered questionnaires were distributed among 300 motorcyclists as respondent in Batu Pahat, Johor. The data were analyzed using a correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results show that all variables are highly correlated, positive linear relationship and significantly at 0.01 (p<0.01). In addition, the hierarchical multiple regression demonstrates perceived ease of use, behavioral intention to use SHR and additional variables (perceived saf...
Traffic flow at unsignalized intersections in developing countries (e.g. Indonesia) is very speci... more Traffic flow at unsignalized intersections in developing countries (e.g. Indonesia) is very specific in terms of driver behaviour, the traffic composition and the level of road side activities. Therefore, methods for traffic flow analysis used in developed countries cannot be applied to intersections in developing countries. In this paper, a new method for the analysis of the capacity of unsignalized intersections under mixed traffic conditions was developed. The study focused on ten three-leg intersections in Indonesia. Basically, the new method considers the interactions between conflict streams and considers the average speed and flow of each stream. It was found that capacities estimated with the new method correspond very well to the results from the current Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual. (a) For the covering record of this conference, please refer to ITRD abstract no E220164.
In Malaysia, road accidents become a major concerned that need to be solve by related authorities... more In Malaysia, road accidents become a major concerned that need to be solve by related authorities. Human is one of contributing factor in road accidents especially among young driver. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics, effectiveness and relationship between locus of control and human factors. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among 247 young drivers as respondents in Batu Pahat, Kluang and Johor Bharu. Results show more than 60% of respondent age is between 24 and 29 years old. Correlation analysis shows there are moderate positive relationships between internality and dissociative meanwhile external shows the moderate positive between careful and distress reduction. A multiple regression analysis demonstrates that internality has a strong relationship with dissociative and anxious. Also, the externality is statistically significant with speed and patients. In addition, the externality and internality show a significant to behaviour. Therefo...
Jurnal Teknologi, 2015
Road accidents are common issues each year. Human factors are the highest contributing factor to ... more Road accidents are common issues each year. Human factors are the highest contributing factor to the road accidents which are mostly from the drivers’ attitude such as excessive speeding. To mitigate this problem, a government has been implemented Automated Enforcement System (AES). This study aims to identify the factors that contributed to the AES acceptance among drivers and the acceptance level of AES based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The correlation and regression analysis were used in this study. The questionnaire survey was designed based on the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) and TAM. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among 226 car driver as a respondent. The results show that the most dominant factor is perceived easy of acceptance compared with the acceptance level of respondent towards AES. Therefore, the authority might able to adapt and continue using AES monitoring method as a measure to carry out traffic offence enforcement activities.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015
The World Health Organization (WHO) predicted that in 2020, road accidents will become the third ... more The World Health Organization (WHO) predicted that in 2020, road accidents will become the third cause of deaths in the world. Several factors contribute to road accidents, among them are human error, speeding, irregularities in road design and period of driving (either nighttime or daytime). In road design, horizontal curves are of particular interest to the designer, given that accidents are very likely to occur at such locations if drivers lose control of their vehicles due to inappropriate speed choices. This study was conducted to investigate the variation of driving behaviour on horizontal curves. The test car was fitted with a Global Positioning System (GPS) device and driven by 30 participants. The research findings show that drivers’ choice of speed varies while approaching horizontal curve, on the curve and just after leaving the curve. Apart from this, although drivers were found to have driven at a slightly higher speed during daytime compare to evening driving, however ...
3rd Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering (ACE 2015), 2015
ABSTRACT Motorcycles are common mode of transport used in Malaysia compared to other transportati... more ABSTRACT Motorcycles are common mode of transport used in Malaysia compared to other transportation such as cars, buses and trains. However, motorcyclists take up the largest portion of the annual road death statistics. The main cause of fatalities among motorcyclists is injury to the head compared to other parts of body. This paper presents a new intervention to enhance the safety of motorcyclist regarding the head injuries issue. A new conceptual design, which is Safety Helmet Reminder (SHR) system, is novel approach towards the prevention of injuries among motorcyclists in Malaysia. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was adopted to predict behavioral intention to use SHR among motorcyclists. The self- administered questionnaires were distributed among 300 motorcyclists in Batu Pahat, Johor. The data were analysed using correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results show that the predictive variables were highly correlated, showing positive linear relationship and significance at 0.01 (p&lt;0.01). In addition, through the hierarchical multiple regression, it was found that perceived ease of use, behavioral intention to use SHR and additional variables (perceived safety, subjective norm and descriptive norm) were found significant (p&lt;0.05). In conclusion, perceived safety, subjective norm, descriptive norm, perceived ease of use and behavioral intention to use technology remained a significant predictor of helmet use. However, perceived usefulness and attitude toward using technology were not significant in predicting helmet use among motorcyclists.
Traffic and Transportation Studies 2010, 2010
ABSTRACT
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012
Unsignalized intersection is implemented to regulate low volume of traffic flow. The gap-acceptan... more Unsignalized intersection is implemented to regulate low volume of traffic flow. The gap-acceptance method is the common approach to assess the performance of the intersection. However, among the drawbacks of the gapacceptance method are the non-compliance to the right of way, and the heterogeneous traffic condition. Conflict method is developed to overcome these shortcomings. Surveillance equipment is used to obtain the required data, such as traffic volume and occupation time. The occupation time of vehicle is used to calculate the capacity of vehicular movements for each conflict group. The control delay and level of service of the vehicular streams are evaluated according to the procedures in HCM 2000. Result comparison is made between the conflict method and the HCM 2000. The relationship between the occupation time and critical gap is discovered. The results of the conflict method are found to be comparable with the HCM 2000 using field data.
Civil Engineering Dimension, 2015
Motorcycle ownership and use increased rapidly in Indonesian cities in recent years. People could... more Motorcycle ownership and use increased rapidly in Indonesian cities in recent years. People could not cope with severe congestion due to unsatisfactory public transport and uncontrolled land use delopment. This led to motorcycle use for almost any trip. However, in Malaysia motorcycles were mainly used for local short distance travel. In this paper the characteristics of motorcycle ownership and use of university students in Malaysian and Indonesian cities were discussed. A total of 398 university students in eight cities were asked to fill the questionnaires. They consist of general questions regarding their socioeconomic background and travel habit along with 25 perceptional questions regarding affordability/ attractiveness of owning motorcycle and practicability/safety of motorcycle use. A variance based structural equation modelling called partial least square-path modelling (PLS-PM) was used for analysis. The results show that indicators explaining affordability and acceptability were exactly the same in Penang and combination of seven cities in Indonesia.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2011
A new method of capacity analysis at unsignalized intersections has been developed in this study ... more A new method of capacity analysis at unsignalized intersections has been developed in this study for Indonesia where the drivers' behavior, traffic composition, level of roadside activities are different from those in developed countries. Typical cities in developing countries performed by the heterogeneous traffic mixed including fast-moving vehicles (motorized) and slowmoving vehicles (unmotorized). Traffic rules for examples like give-way or lane discipline are neglected in most cases. The study focused on ten three-leg unsignalized intersections in a suburban city in Indonesia. The new method was based on the interactions between conflict streams (six streams and six conflict points) having the average speed and flow of each stream. All possible conflict streams were considered simultaneously and the interactions were taken into account through empirical regression models. The results of capacity analysis from this proposed method correspond properly with the results from the current Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM).
This research, in general, aims to investigate the breakdown phenomenon at on-ramp merging sectio... more This research, in general, aims to investigate the breakdown phenomenon at on-ramp merging sections of expressway in Malaysia. Expressway is an uninterrupted flow facility that accommodates high volume of traffic flow with high speed and only accessible via on- and off-ramps. These two parameters; flow and speed, characterize the traffic flow model of uninterrupted flow facility. If these parameters are deeply studied, there is an exclusive condition of flow occurs between the steady flow and congested flow. This condition can be called „breakdown‟. Breakdown was defined in various explanations by different researchers but mostly still studied in a similar approach. Therefore, with regards to Malaysian unique traffic condition, the purpose of this research is to establish the breakdown probabilistic model by determining and analyzing the breakdown speed and flow. One of the major tasks in this research is the collection of field data. The methods used may consist of either loop detection, intelligent image processing or radar detection techniques. However, only an established data collection procedure will be used in order to ensure the consistency of the outcomes. Data will be analyzed based on the fundamental traffic flow model of speed-flow relationship. Simultaneously, the duration and queue discharge flow of breakdown will be obtained by developing the time series plotting of speed and flow versus actual time. Lastly, the breakdown distribution functions will be obtained using appropriate distribution. The outcomes of this research are expected to support the findings of previous researches that the breakdown probability is an increasing function of main-stream and on-ramp flow rates. However, in-depth study will be carried out through this research to specify which condition that really affecting the breakdown probability especially with respect to Malaysian expressway traffic.
Traffic noise can be a major nuisance, particularly in residential areas. Road traffic noise is t... more Traffic noise can be a major nuisance, particularly in residential areas. Road traffic noise is the most significant source of environmental noise pollution. Exposure to noise pollution contributes to negative impact on the environment particularly to human. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, the development of models that can predict the traffic noise is necessary. The aim of this study is to develop models of traffic noise at suburban residential areas along FT50 Federal Route. This study is carried out at Taman Kelisa, Taman Gading and Taman Gading 1. A total of 42 data in each residential area are used to analyze the noise level and the relationship with other traffic parameters. In this study, traffic noise models are clustered into three groups of variables. In summary, most predictors in this study affect the level of noise at study locations. Cluster 2 shows the most reliable model since the adjusted R-squared is the highest with 60.7 percent. The developed models can be hopefully utilized for traffic noise prediction in the future for suburban residential areas.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014
The gap-acceptance method is the common approach to assess the performance of the priority inters... more The gap-acceptance method is the common approach to assess the performance of the priority intersection which is implemented to regulate low volume of traffic flow. However, among the drawbacks of the gap-acceptance method are the non-compliance to the right of way, and the heterogeneous traffic condition. Conflict method has been developed to overcome these shortcomings. Surveillance equipment is used to obtain the required data, such as traffic volume and occupation time. The occupation time and approaching time of vehicle are used to calculate the capacity of vehicular movements for each conflict group. The results from intersections with flare and without flare are provided. Result comparison has also been made between the conflict method and the HCM 2000. The relationship between the occupation time and critical gap is discovered. The results of the conflict method are found to be comparable with the HCM 2000 using field data.
2012 International Conference on Statistics in Science, Business and Engineering (ICSSBE), 2012
Congestion is an issue that continuously occurs on urban roads which is part of a so-called break... more Congestion is an issue that continuously occurs on urban roads which is part of a so-called breakdown phenomenon. Breakdown can be defined as the transition between proper operation and non-acceptable flow conditions. This study was carried out to determine the speed-flow relationship with respect to breakdown event at the Federal Highway as well as to analyse time series for flow rate and speed in order to justify the breakdown occurence. Data consist of speed, traffic flow, density, and several others were collected by the Automatic Incident Detection device. The speed-flow curve was reconstructed using the Greenshields Model. Based on the model obtained, value of maximum flow rate is 1634 veh/hr/ln and the critical speed is 65 km/h. Understanding the breakdown phenomenon at merging sections is a key parameter for more effective geometric design and control strategies.
Modern Applied Science, 2009
This paper presents an evaluation of the effects of temperature and binder type on the dynamic cr... more This paper presents an evaluation of the effects of temperature and binder type on the dynamic creep properties of asphaltic concrete mixtures incorporating granite aggregates produced via compression and impact modes of crushing. The creep test was carried out using the Asphalt Universal Testing Machine in accordance with procedures outlined in ASTM D4123. A conventional 80/100 bitumen and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modified bitumen were used in sample preparation to evaluate the effects of binder types while the dynamic creep test was carried out at 40 o C and 60 o C. The results show that mixes prepared using geometrically cubical aggregate shape and SBS modified mixes exhibit higher creep stiffness than the unmodified mixtures. Temperature has a significant effect on creep stiffness, a mere 20 o C increase from 40 o C can cause the stiffness of unaged mixes to increase by as much as 51.8%. Linear regression analysis showed that mixes incorporating geometrically cubical aggregates and modified mixes are the least susceptible to creep stiffness.
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Papers by Associate Prof. Dr-Ing. Joewono Prasetijo, P. Tech (Logistic & Transport)