Papers by Nnaemeka V Emodi
Energy & Environment, 2018
This study estimates the short- and long-term impacts of climate change on electricity demand in ... more This study estimates the short- and long-term impacts of climate change on electricity demand in Australia. We used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with monthly data from 1999 to 2014 for six Australian states and one territory. The results reveal significant variations in electricity demand. We then used long-term coefficients for climatic response to simulate future electricity demand using four scenarios based on the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Our results show a gradual increase in electricity consumption due to warmer temperatures with the possibility of peak demand in winter; however, demand tends to decrease in the middle of the twenty-first century across the RCPs, while the summer peak load increases by the end of the century. Finally, we simulated the impact of policy uncertainty through sensitivity analysis and confirmed the potential benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Climate
The global energy system is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change. This results in ... more The global energy system is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change. This results in a vast range of impacts on the energy demand sector and production and supply channels. This article aims to estimate the impacts of variables such as heating and cooling temperatures, income, population, and price on residential electricity demand in G7 countries. Methodologically, this study uses the second-generation panel unit root and cointegration approaches (which are robust in the presence of cross-sectional dependence), a panel fixed effects model with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, and a novel method of moments quantile regression (MM-QR) to determine long-run elasticities. The results suggest that the residential electricity demand of G7 countries is statistically and positively responsive to cold days rather than hot days. This study also presents some policy-relevant issues based on the results.
Sustainability
The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) may contribute to decarbonisation of the transport sector... more The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) may contribute to decarbonisation of the transport sector and has the potential to offer value to consumers and electricity grid operators through its energy storage capabilities. While electricity tariffs can play an important role in consumer uptake of EVs, little is known about how EV charging tariff design affects EV users’ behaviour in participating in applications that can support the electricity grid, such as those applications classed under Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X). Examining the case of Australia, this study reviews the literature on electromobility with a focus on EV charging tariffs and its impact on consumer behaviour within the V2X context. The main findings drawn from up-to-date publications show that a well-designed EV tariff structure, available parking, and EV charging facilities can increase consumer participation in V2X. However, cooperation between EV users and grid operators is needed to establish a form of controlled c...
Despite being rich in energy resources, Nigeria has faced several challenges one of which is ener... more Despite being rich in energy resources, Nigeria has faced several challenges one of which is energy poverty. Efforts made by the government to expand electricity access and provide energy services have not had the desired impact in terms of improving on the living standard of the people. This has led the government agency, the Energy Commission of Nigeria to carry out a study on the projected energy demand and electricity supply in Nigeria using economic growth rate as an energy demand parameter. This paper applies the Long Range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) model to model Nigeria’s future energy demand and supply under four scenarios which includes various energy policies, strategies, GHGs reduction potentials and cost of projected energy technologies. The scenario results show that the Low Carbon 2 scenario is able to meet the future energy and electricity demand with reduced GHG emissions and environmental impact. Low Carbon 3 scenario presents a lower energy demand with a ...
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2015
The issue of climate change, oil price fluctuation and the increasing environmental awareness hav... more The issue of climate change, oil price fluctuation and the increasing environmental awareness have triggered the importance of effective energy management systems in a bid to reduce greenhouse gases. Renewable energy (RE) which is one of the effective method of effectively managing energy system has seen rapid development in recent times. Technological innovation in RE have not been generally successful due to some influencing factors in some countries. This study investigates these factors in order to identify the influencing factors promoting innovation in RE. Using patent application data for 12 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries for the period of 1997-2011, we analysis the influence of government R and D, feed-in-tariff (FIT), electricity from renewables, per capita income, CO2 emission per capita and population on patenting activity in wind and solar energy using a panel data approach. The result showed that electricity from renewables and CO2 emis...
Sustainable Energy, 2016
The main objective of this study was to review the various policies and strategies promoting rene... more The main objective of this study was to review the various policies and strategies promoting renewable energy development around the world. The success and failures of each country and regions were examined through a case study so as to learn some valuable lessons and derive useful implications for the development of renewable energy in Nigeria. The study initially reviewed the current renewable energy policies and identified the barriers to the development of renewable energy technology in Nigeria. The lessons from the case study were classified into support mechanisms which include; capital, fiscal, tax incentives, legislative, political, technological and environmental support. The lessons from case study were used to develop implications in addressing the development of renewable energy technologies through effective policies and strategies in Nigeria. Furthermore, some future perspectives of renewable energy development in Nigeria were discussed. This study intends to support t...
American Journal of Public Health Research, 2016
Low-income households in rural areas of Ethiopia are facing catastrophic out-of-pocket health car... more Low-income households in rural areas of Ethiopia are facing catastrophic out-of-pocket health care expenditure due to lack of proper financing mechanism complemented with unexpected health related shock. However, to smooth their health care consumer spending, they need to have a cost-effective health insurance. This study analyzes' Households Willingness to Pay (WTP) for health insurance and the potential market for this cost effective health insurance products. The data used in this study was collected from rural households in East Shewa zone, Adama Woreda, which constitutes about 500 household heads respondents. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with double bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) elicitation method was used to estimate respondents WTP for proposed health insurance technology. The result of the study shows that households' average WTP (considering their ability to pay) is higher than their cost of public health care and self-treatment per year at a national l...
Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law, 2019
His research interests involve energy and environmental economics, climate change policy and low ... more His research interests involve energy and environmental economics, climate change policy and low carbon transition/green energy adoption.
Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 2018
This study aims to assess Myanmar’s upstream petroleum fiscal regimes by applying comprehensive i... more This study aims to assess Myanmar’s upstream petroleum fiscal regimes by applying comprehensive indicators to rank the level of attractiveness of Myanmar. The indicators include government take (GT), front loading index (FLI), and composite score (CS). The decision maker’s attitude for GT and FLI were considered in CS linear weighting method in ranking the fiscal terms attractiveness. The results showed that Myanmar’s upstream petroleum fiscal regime has low attraction compared to its competing countries from the investor’s point of view, both in terms of the risk to the investor in the earlier part of the project and in terms of evaluation with or without the time value of money. Also, royalty and cost recovery were identified to have an impact on the attractiveness rank of petroleum fiscal regime in Myanmar. Therefore, Myanmar should consider improving its fiscal regimes that are not neutral—particularly, royalty, tax, profit split, and cost recovery—for a favorable investment cli...
Low Carbon Economy, 2016
In this study, we investigate the impact of Odd-Even rationing of vehicles plying on the roads of... more In this study, we investigate the impact of Odd-Even rationing of vehicles plying on the roads of the National Capital city of Delhi, India on air pollution levels by considering both residential and industrial areas of Punajbi Bagh, R.K. Puram, Anand Vihar, Mandir Marg, NSIT Dwarka and Shadipur of the city and have analyzed its impact by employing event study technique and by utilizing daily data of NO 2 , SO 2 , O 3 , PM 10 and PM 2.5. A ±15 day window has been considered for our analysis to assess the impact on air pollution levels pre-odd even rationing and post-odd even rationing and has statistically investigated whether this bold move by the State Government of Delhi has helped in the reduction of air pollution levels in the city or not. With the State Government considering implementing Odd-Even rationing permanently, the present study is intended to provide insights to policy makers to take an informed decision and also facilitate in implementing future policies for controlling air pollution levels in the city.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Apr 16, 2015
Energy availabilty is crucial for the economic growth of any nation in the world today. Access to... more Energy availabilty is crucial for the economic growth of any nation in the world today. Access to clean, affordable and reliable energy are necessities in achieving a sustainable development in the modern world. Energy poverty in a country can be said to be a situation where its citizens lack electric power to meet even their own basic needs such as lighthing and cooking. Nigeria, as a country described as the "giant of Africa and the most populated black nation in the world still faces the crisis of energy poverty. Nigeria is blessed with an abundant energy resources of both fossil fuels and renewable energy (RE), but the main challege is the country's inability to adequately and efficiently utilize these energy resources. This lack of efficent energy utilization has led to the near depletion of the fossil fuel resources within the country's boarder and the energy crisis afflicting Nigeria is expected to be on the rise if the government does not act immediately by the diversification of country's energy sources and exploit the abundant natural renewable resources avaliable in the country. This paper reviews the standpoint of efficent energy management with strategic concentration on the demand side energy savings and RE resource potential in Nigeria to ensure sustainable development. The energy situation in the country is reviewed with the consumption parttern of the various fossil fuel resources in the country. The paper also examined the various RE potentials, locations and present ways in which they can be harnessed for useful and uninterrupted energy supply. Some effective strategies and energy policy are presented in order to overcome the energy poverty situation in Nigeria.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Apr 16, 2015
This paper investigates the factors that influences the change in CO 2 emissions from electricity... more This paper investigates the factors that influences the change in CO 2 emissions from electricity generation in Nigeria. The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method of decomposition that was used. The main result shows that: (1) CO 2 emission from electricity generation decreased by 0.59 Mt. (2) Electricity efficiency decreased CO 2 emission by 2.33 Mt. (3) Electricity intensity decreased CO 2 emission by 21.85 Mt. (4) Economic activity increased CO 2 emission by 28.27 Mt. The result from the analysis shows that CO 2 emission increased in Nigeria. Electricity efficiency and intensity contributed to the reduction of CO 2 emission while economic activity has contributed to the increase in CO 2 emission in Nigeria. Since economic activities can not be reduced without affecting the economic performance of Nigeria, energy efficiency improvement would be an important option to reduce CO 2 emissions.
Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 2016
Climate change has become a great challenge to our generation and its impact is felt in almost ev... more Climate change has become a great challenge to our generation and its impact is felt in almost every society in the world. Nigeria as a developing country with a population of about 180 million is likely to be adversely impacted by climate change due to its vulnerability and low coping capability. Evidences have shown that climate change impacts on Nigeria arises from various climate change related causes experienced due to the increase in temperature, rainfall, sea level rise, impact on fresh water resources, extreme weather events, flooding, drought in the north and increased health risk. The study reviews some existing literatures, information, policies, and data on climate change in Nigeria and its impact on the various sectors of the economy. The finding for this paper indicates that many sectors of Nigerian economy appear to be directly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change such as agricultural sector, health, energy, etc. This generally affects the growth of economy. The impacts of climate changed highlighted in this study raise the need for more support in research and education awareness on the impact of climate change in Nigeria. This review attempts to create awareness on the impacts of climate change in Nigeria and presents some policy recommendations for adaptation and mitigation measures to tackle the challenges.
Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 2016
This study investigated the possibility of achieving a low carbon development in Nigeria through ... more This study investigated the possibility of achieving a low carbon development in Nigeria through the application of some sustainable strategies. The investigation was through a review of some low carbon policies applied in some country’s cases. The strategies were then explored to ascertain the possibilities of replication in the Nigerian context. It was necessary due to the increase in climate change activities experienced in Nigeria. The strategies were based on some successful country case in a bid to improve their transition towards a low carbon economy. These strategies applied by other nations were investigated and explored for replication possibilities in the Nigerian context. They include; thinking and adopting the green growth ideology, energy policy reforms, long-term energy planning and target, energy regulations and standards, environmental tax reforms, urban planning, efficient building design, the efficiency of the energy system, efficiency of passenger transport system, and renewable energy options. The Mini-review Article
Geosystem Engineering, 2015
Abstract This paper investigated the oil export dependency of Mexico, Indonesia and Nigeria, whic... more Abstract This paper investigated the oil export dependency of Mexico, Indonesia and Nigeria, which are major oil-producing countries in their respective geographical regions, and how their oil export have evolved over the last two decades. Oil export importance was analysed by relating it to the effective export price, oil export importance, oil dependence and energy intensity of Mexico, Indonesia and Nigeria for the period 1986–2010. The trends were analysed for Mexico, Indonesia and Nigeria, while the decomposition result showed that price effect had the most influential factors to revenue changes in the three countries. Indonesia and Nigeria were less oil export intensive in the last period, 2001–2010, and the three countries had an improvement in their energy efficiency due to a decrease in energy intensity. The authors recommend that energy efficiency improvements and reduction in oil export dependence, with the diversification of export will improve the country’s revenue and safeguard their economies against decline in oil prices.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015
In 2016, the total estimated paddy production in Nigeria was 17.5 million metric tons (MMT) which... more In 2016, the total estimated paddy production in Nigeria was 17.5 million metric tons (MMT) which is equivalent to 5.7 MMT milled rice. This is 1.3 MMT lower than the projected 7.0 MMT national consumption demands. This implies that Nigeria is progressing towards achieving self-sufficiency in rice if this data is compared with 3.5 MMT milled rice production in 2010. But about 10%-30% or more of this increase does not reach the final consumers largely due to inefficient postharvest management practices. Huge postharvest grain loss (PHGL) and postharvest grain quality loss (PGQL) have been reported and significant efforts have been made towards reducing them and improving food security, but this is hampered by lack of simple, cost effective, adoptable and well-defined practical postharvest management practices and technologies.
The Brazilian electricity sector has witnessed numerous technological changes and has evolved to ... more The Brazilian electricity sector has witnessed numerous technological changes and has evolved to become a global leader in clean technology sales, both to the domestic and foreign market. A lot of factors contributed to the innovative activities in its electricity sector which includes both government and FDI contribution. This paper reviewed the past and current technology innovation in the country’s electricity sector with some concentration on the patent, and research and development. Some advanced economy such as Korea, USA, Japan, Germany and France were also compared in reference to their patent data, policies and renewable energy attractiveness to identify the options that contributes to their innovative capability in renewable energy technologies. Some policy recommendations were provided in order to foster innovation in Brazil.
Access to electricity is vital for economic development. Developing countries around the world ha... more Access to electricity is vital for economic development. Developing countries around the world have made various effort to improve electrcity access. In order to improve electrcity access, the obstacles need to be properly identified. Nigeria’s electrcity access have been low for a very long time with no improvement in sight. This paper examined the obstacles hindering the improvement of electricity access in Nigeria. The obstacles identified includes; low efficiency and performance, security of fuel source for power generation, data inadequacy, regulatory barriers, lack of institutional arrangement, poor grid structure, delapidated transmission and distribution network, low financial investment, lack of policy and project continuity. A way forward was presented in order to improve electricity access in Nigeria
Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2014
The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improv... more The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in turn affects the country's economic growth. Even with the recent reforms in the power sector, more than half of the country's population still lack access to electricity. The epileptic condition of the power sector can be attributed to the inadequate and inefficient power plants, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and outdated metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper attempts to present the way forward for the Nigerian poor electricity situation by reviewing the power sector as a whole and the renewable energy potentials. We identified the problems in the national grid and then proposed a smart grid model for the Nigerian power sector which will include renewable energy source. We believe that the content of this review paper will solve the poor epileptic condition of the power sector in Nigeria and also enable the proper integration of smart grid technology into the national grid.
Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2014
Clean energy is vital for the sustainability of any economy in the world. Many industrialized nat... more Clean energy is vital for the sustainability of any economy in the world. Many industrialized nations have increased their production capacity of renewable energy while other countries lacking the technical expertise and resource have resorted to import these technologies. The imported technologies mostly have standards that are followed by the manufactures while others are manufactured cheaply and exported to developing countries that do not have adequate standards and certification bodies. Nigeria which is a fast growing country has no existing standards to check the influx of renewable energy technologies into the country. This study stresses the need for the development of standards for renewable energy technologies in order to prevent the importation of substandard renewable energy technologies in Nigeria. The study reviews the renewable energy potentials in Nigeria, introduces the concept of standardization and discusses the development of standards for renewable energy technologies.
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Papers by Nnaemeka V Emodi