This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Wa... more This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress held in Salt Lake City, UT, June 27-July 1, 2004. The papers in this proceedings critically examine past goals and practices and provide fresh concepts and models to help engineers build on past accomplishments while providing insight on how to avoid or mitigate past water resources and environmental mistakes. Almost every significant topic important to water resources and environmental engineering professionals is covered. Additionally, papers from six specialty symposia sharply focus on specific, concentrated areas of interest including: arid lands, best management practices (BMP) technology; groundwater issues; international water resources issues; river restoration and urban streams; and the 6th Annual Symposium on Water Distribution Systems Analysis. The powerful search feature on the CD-ROM enables users to quickly find papers by author, by subject, or even all papers containing a specific word. The depth and variety of subjects contained on this CD-ROM make this a vital resource for professionals, practitioners, researchers and anyone else involved with water and environmental resources.
World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2004, Jun 25, 2004
This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Wa... more This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress held in Salt Lake City, UT, June 27-July 1, 2004. The papers in this proceedings critically examine past goals and practices and provide fresh concepts and models to help engineers build on past accomplishments while providing insight on how to avoid or mitigate past water resources and environmental mistakes. Almost every significant topic important to water resources and environmental engineering professionals is covered. Additionally, papers from six specialty symposia sharply focus on specific, concentrated areas of interest including: arid lands, best management practices (BMP) technology; groundwater issues; international water resources issues; river restoration and urban streams; and the 6th Annual Symposium on Water Distribution Systems Analysis. The powerful search feature on the CD-ROM enables users to quickly find papers by author, by subject, or even all papers containing a specific word. The depth and variety of subjects contained on this CD-ROM make this a vital resource for professionals, practitioners, researchers and anyone else involved with water and environmental resources.
AbstractIt is suggested in this paper that recalcitrant organopollutants can be degraded efficien... more AbstractIt is suggested in this paper that recalcitrant organopollutants can be degraded efficiently by a hemoglobin-catalytic reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (i.e., H2O2). The catalytic mechanism was studied with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) as a compound for oxidation. Various evidence suggests that the catalytic mechanism is very similar to those of horseradish peroxidase and lignin peroxidase. The catalytic intermediates are known to oxidize various chemicals, indicating that the intermediates of hemoglobin can nonspecifically degrade many different types of organopollutants. To prove the hypothesis, an attempt was made to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated field soil. The results showed that 98.5% of the PAHs compounds were removed by Day 42 and that seven of the 16 PAHs compounds analyzed were not detectable by the end of the research reported in this paper. Therefore, hemoglobin-catalyzed technology can be considered as a novel technology for remediation of ...
This paper describes a screening model for evaluating the migration of organic and inorganic cont... more This paper describes a screening model for evaluating the migration of organic and inorganic contaminants leached from land-disposed wastes. The model is composed of a waste-zone release submodel, an unsaturated-zone transport submodel and a saturated-zone transport submodel. The waste-zone submodel assumes steady one-dimensional vertical flow through a uniform waste zone treated as a "stirred tank reactor". Soluble inorganic contaminants are assumed to exhibit a constant concentration in the leachate until mass depletion occurs, while organic contaminants are assumed to exhibit leachate concentrations that are proportional to the mass fraction in the oily waste phase. Vertical, one-dimensional, unitgradient flow is assumed in the unsaturated zone at a constant water content controlled by the net infiltration rate and the unsaturated soil permeability function. Transport occurs by convection and scale-dependent dispersion with linear adsorption and decay. In the saturated zone, flow is assumed to be planar, with three-dimensional convective-dispersive transport, adsorption and decay, with a rectangular horizontal source at the water table. The waste-zone submodel defines the boundary conditions for the unsaturated-zone submodel, which, in turn, defines the boundary conditions for the saturated-zone submodel. Because of the semi-analytical nature of the model, it can be executed very quickly, thus enabling rapid screening analyses and implementation in Monte Carlo analyses, which require a large number of model executions.
A mathematical model called the Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) model was developed and i... more A mathematical model called the Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) model was developed and implemented at Utab State University (USU) for evaluating the fate of hazardous substances in the unsaturated zone of the soil during land treatment of oily wastes. The VIP model, which simulates the concentration profiles of the hazardous compounds in the soil, water, and the air phases, assumes a fixed oily phase. The purpose of this study was to measure oil migration in soil systems m1d to determine its effect on the VIP model output. Experiments were conducted at USU to demonstrate the mobility of an oil through the unsaturated zone of the soil. The oil migration studies were conducted in laboratory scale glass columns. A light petroleum oil :md two types of soil were used for the experiments. The water flow rate through the columns was adjusted to maintain saturated and unsaturated soil conditions. A predetermined quantity of soil and oil mixture was applied to the top of the soil column. The concentration of oil in this mixture varied from 5% to 30% (on a mass basis). The oil present in the mixture migrated down through the column with the aid of the infiltrating water. After water had been flowing through the columns for the desired test times, the column was sectioned and the soil from the various depths was collected and analyzed for moisture and oil contents. The leachate produced was also collected ru1d analyzed for oil content. The experiments demonstrated that oil migrates down significantly through the soil columns. The extent of migration depended on the volume of oil applied and the type of soil. However, the applied oil was completely immobilized in the columns. The VIP model was modified to incorporate oil migration. The modified VIP model can be expected to produce more realistic contaminant concentration profiles during land treatment of oily wastes when compared to that produced by the present version of the VIP model.
There are numerous water quality modeling packages available from industry and government that as... more There are numerous water quality modeling packages available from industry and government that assist in watershed decision-making and total maximum daily load (TMDL) development. Uncertainty exists among decision makers concerning the appropriateness of these tools and modeling packages to specific TMDL issues. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), in collaboration with Utah State University and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), has undertaken a comparison of Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS) and Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework (WARMF). BASINS, developed by the USEPA, and WARMF, developed by EPRI, are watershed management decision support systems that integrate data, geographic information systems (GIS), and models. Although similar in their description, there are important differences in model setup requirements, technical expertise requirements, overall modeling approaches, and the application of model results to watershed decision making and TMDL development. The portion of this study presented in this paper compares the requirements, strengths, and weaknesses of WARMF with BASINS for general watershed management and TMDL activities. Specifically, guidance is provided on DSS selection by providing information on the capabilities of each system, human resource requirements, and the approximate costs associated with model setup and calibration. Overall, it was found that each system has strengths and weaknesses and that choosing one system over another is dependent on many factors, including in-house modeling expertise, constituents to be modeled, the number of watershed modeling efforts required, and available funds.
Spackman Jones, Amber, David K. Stevens, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, and Nancy O. Mesner, 2010. Surroga... more Spackman Jones, Amber, David K. Stevens, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, and Nancy O. Mesner, 2010. Surrogate Measures for Providing High Frequency Estimates of Total Suspended Solids and Total Phosphorus Concentrations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1-15. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00505.x Abstract: Surrogate measures like turbidity, which can be observed with high frequency in situ, have potential for generating high frequency estimates of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. In the semiarid, snowmelt-driven, and irrigation-regulated Little Bear River watershed of northern Utah, high frequency in situ water quality measurements were recorded in conjunction with periodic chemistry sampling. Site-specific relationships were developed using turbidity as a surrogate for TP and TSS at two monitoring locations. Methods are presented for employing censored data and for investigating categorical explanatory variables (e.g., hydrologic conditions). Turbidity was a significant explanatory variable for TP and TSS at both sites, which differ in hydrologic and water quality characteristics. The relationship between turbidity and TP was stronger at the upper watershed site where TP is predominantly particulate. At both sites, the relationships between turbidity and TP varied between spring snowmelt and base flow conditions while the relationships between TSS and turbidity were consistent across hydrological conditions. This approach enables the calculation of high frequency time series of TP and TSS concentrations previously unavailable using traditional monitoring approaches. These methods have broad application for situations that require accurate characterization of fluxes of these constituents over a range of hydrologic conditions.
This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Wa... more This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress held in Salt Lake City, UT, June 27-July 1, 2004. The papers in this proceedings critically examine past goals and practices and provide fresh concepts and models to help engineers build on past accomplishments while providing insight on how to avoid or mitigate past water resources and environmental mistakes. Almost every significant topic important to water resources and environmental engineering professionals is covered. Additionally, papers from six specialty symposia sharply focus on specific, concentrated areas of interest including: arid lands, best management practices (BMP) technology; groundwater issues; international water resources issues; river restoration and urban streams; and the 6th Annual Symposium on Water Distribution Systems Analysis. The powerful search feature on the CD-ROM enables users to quickly find papers by author, by subject, or even all papers containing a specific word. The depth and variety of subjects contained on this CD-ROM make this a vital resource for professionals, practitioners, researchers and anyone else involved with water and environmental resources.
World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2004, Jun 25, 2004
This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Wa... more This valuable CD-ROM contains the complete collection of the 493 papers presented at the World Water and Environmental Resources Congress held in Salt Lake City, UT, June 27-July 1, 2004. The papers in this proceedings critically examine past goals and practices and provide fresh concepts and models to help engineers build on past accomplishments while providing insight on how to avoid or mitigate past water resources and environmental mistakes. Almost every significant topic important to water resources and environmental engineering professionals is covered. Additionally, papers from six specialty symposia sharply focus on specific, concentrated areas of interest including: arid lands, best management practices (BMP) technology; groundwater issues; international water resources issues; river restoration and urban streams; and the 6th Annual Symposium on Water Distribution Systems Analysis. The powerful search feature on the CD-ROM enables users to quickly find papers by author, by subject, or even all papers containing a specific word. The depth and variety of subjects contained on this CD-ROM make this a vital resource for professionals, practitioners, researchers and anyone else involved with water and environmental resources.
AbstractIt is suggested in this paper that recalcitrant organopollutants can be degraded efficien... more AbstractIt is suggested in this paper that recalcitrant organopollutants can be degraded efficiently by a hemoglobin-catalytic reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (i.e., H2O2). The catalytic mechanism was studied with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) as a compound for oxidation. Various evidence suggests that the catalytic mechanism is very similar to those of horseradish peroxidase and lignin peroxidase. The catalytic intermediates are known to oxidize various chemicals, indicating that the intermediates of hemoglobin can nonspecifically degrade many different types of organopollutants. To prove the hypothesis, an attempt was made to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated field soil. The results showed that 98.5% of the PAHs compounds were removed by Day 42 and that seven of the 16 PAHs compounds analyzed were not detectable by the end of the research reported in this paper. Therefore, hemoglobin-catalyzed technology can be considered as a novel technology for remediation of ...
This paper describes a screening model for evaluating the migration of organic and inorganic cont... more This paper describes a screening model for evaluating the migration of organic and inorganic contaminants leached from land-disposed wastes. The model is composed of a waste-zone release submodel, an unsaturated-zone transport submodel and a saturated-zone transport submodel. The waste-zone submodel assumes steady one-dimensional vertical flow through a uniform waste zone treated as a "stirred tank reactor". Soluble inorganic contaminants are assumed to exhibit a constant concentration in the leachate until mass depletion occurs, while organic contaminants are assumed to exhibit leachate concentrations that are proportional to the mass fraction in the oily waste phase. Vertical, one-dimensional, unitgradient flow is assumed in the unsaturated zone at a constant water content controlled by the net infiltration rate and the unsaturated soil permeability function. Transport occurs by convection and scale-dependent dispersion with linear adsorption and decay. In the saturated zone, flow is assumed to be planar, with three-dimensional convective-dispersive transport, adsorption and decay, with a rectangular horizontal source at the water table. The waste-zone submodel defines the boundary conditions for the unsaturated-zone submodel, which, in turn, defines the boundary conditions for the saturated-zone submodel. Because of the semi-analytical nature of the model, it can be executed very quickly, thus enabling rapid screening analyses and implementation in Monte Carlo analyses, which require a large number of model executions.
A mathematical model called the Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) model was developed and i... more A mathematical model called the Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) model was developed and implemented at Utab State University (USU) for evaluating the fate of hazardous substances in the unsaturated zone of the soil during land treatment of oily wastes. The VIP model, which simulates the concentration profiles of the hazardous compounds in the soil, water, and the air phases, assumes a fixed oily phase. The purpose of this study was to measure oil migration in soil systems m1d to determine its effect on the VIP model output. Experiments were conducted at USU to demonstrate the mobility of an oil through the unsaturated zone of the soil. The oil migration studies were conducted in laboratory scale glass columns. A light petroleum oil :md two types of soil were used for the experiments. The water flow rate through the columns was adjusted to maintain saturated and unsaturated soil conditions. A predetermined quantity of soil and oil mixture was applied to the top of the soil column. The concentration of oil in this mixture varied from 5% to 30% (on a mass basis). The oil present in the mixture migrated down through the column with the aid of the infiltrating water. After water had been flowing through the columns for the desired test times, the column was sectioned and the soil from the various depths was collected and analyzed for moisture and oil contents. The leachate produced was also collected ru1d analyzed for oil content. The experiments demonstrated that oil migrates down significantly through the soil columns. The extent of migration depended on the volume of oil applied and the type of soil. However, the applied oil was completely immobilized in the columns. The VIP model was modified to incorporate oil migration. The modified VIP model can be expected to produce more realistic contaminant concentration profiles during land treatment of oily wastes when compared to that produced by the present version of the VIP model.
There are numerous water quality modeling packages available from industry and government that as... more There are numerous water quality modeling packages available from industry and government that assist in watershed decision-making and total maximum daily load (TMDL) development. Uncertainty exists among decision makers concerning the appropriateness of these tools and modeling packages to specific TMDL issues. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), in collaboration with Utah State University and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), has undertaken a comparison of Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS) and Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework (WARMF). BASINS, developed by the USEPA, and WARMF, developed by EPRI, are watershed management decision support systems that integrate data, geographic information systems (GIS), and models. Although similar in their description, there are important differences in model setup requirements, technical expertise requirements, overall modeling approaches, and the application of model results to watershed decision making and TMDL development. The portion of this study presented in this paper compares the requirements, strengths, and weaknesses of WARMF with BASINS for general watershed management and TMDL activities. Specifically, guidance is provided on DSS selection by providing information on the capabilities of each system, human resource requirements, and the approximate costs associated with model setup and calibration. Overall, it was found that each system has strengths and weaknesses and that choosing one system over another is dependent on many factors, including in-house modeling expertise, constituents to be modeled, the number of watershed modeling efforts required, and available funds.
Spackman Jones, Amber, David K. Stevens, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, and Nancy O. Mesner, 2010. Surroga... more Spackman Jones, Amber, David K. Stevens, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, and Nancy O. Mesner, 2010. Surrogate Measures for Providing High Frequency Estimates of Total Suspended Solids and Total Phosphorus Concentrations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1-15. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00505.x Abstract: Surrogate measures like turbidity, which can be observed with high frequency in situ, have potential for generating high frequency estimates of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. In the semiarid, snowmelt-driven, and irrigation-regulated Little Bear River watershed of northern Utah, high frequency in situ water quality measurements were recorded in conjunction with periodic chemistry sampling. Site-specific relationships were developed using turbidity as a surrogate for TP and TSS at two monitoring locations. Methods are presented for employing censored data and for investigating categorical explanatory variables (e.g., hydrologic conditions). Turbidity was a significant explanatory variable for TP and TSS at both sites, which differ in hydrologic and water quality characteristics. The relationship between turbidity and TP was stronger at the upper watershed site where TP is predominantly particulate. At both sites, the relationships between turbidity and TP varied between spring snowmelt and base flow conditions while the relationships between TSS and turbidity were consistent across hydrological conditions. This approach enables the calculation of high frequency time series of TP and TSS concentrations previously unavailable using traditional monitoring approaches. These methods have broad application for situations that require accurate characterization of fluxes of these constituents over a range of hydrologic conditions.
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Papers by David Stevens