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Raniel Reyes

University of Santo Tomas, Phils, Philosophy, Faculty Member

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I obtained my PhD in Philosophy from the University of Santo Tomas (Manila, Philippines), with a dissertation on Deleuze and Guattari's Philosophy of Becoming-Revolutionary. I am a faculty at the Department of Philosophy and
a Research Fellow at the Research Center for Culture, Arts and Humanities in the same university. I am also one of the Managing Editors of Kritike: An On-line Journal of Philosophy. My areas of specialization are: Nietzsche, Deleuze & Guattari, Critical Theory, and Political Philosophy
Supervisors: Dr. Paolo Bolanos

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University of Chichester

Simon O'Sullivan

Goldsmiths, University of London

Birkbeck College, University of London

Université libre de Bruxelles

Pennsylvania State University

Henry Somers-Hall

Royal Holloway, University of London

University of Genova

Rice University

Rafael Domingo Osle

University of Navarra

Pontificia Facoltà Teologica della Sardegna

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Papers by Raniel Reyes

Mapping a Precarious Ethics in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Semiocapitalism, the "New" Cognitariat, and Chaosmosis

Kritike: An On-line Journal of Philosophy, 2021

This article seeks to map out a precarious ethics in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily,... more This article seeks to map out a precarious ethics in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily, I reconstruct Franco Berardi's theorization of Semiocapitalism. The post-Fordist configuration of semiocapitalism has introduced novel forms of production, relations, and oppression, as well as spawned the emergence of a new virtual class-the 'cognitariat.' I expand the cognitariat's scope by including the students and teachers. In aiming to provide a more nuanced chronicle of the plight of the cognitariats, I seek the help of Byung-Chul Han, specifically, his diagnosis of the contemporary disappearance of community. Against the backdrop of the pandemic and the comprehensive utilization of virtual education, semiocapitalism strengthens and the cognitariat's precarity exacerbates. As such, the proliferation of psychopathologies, such as fatigue, depression, and suicide, especially in Third World countries, aggravates. Lastly, I diagram some pathways of becoming-chaoide that can serve as vectors of mutation and emancipation from the different forms of barbarism today. Diagramming a precarious ethics today necessitates the creation of minoritarian refrains, ruptures, and novel forms of subjectivation in the "new normal."

Becoming-Democratic as Becoming-Revolutionary

Kritike: An Online Journal of Philosophy

I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions ... more I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions as a principle of becoming-revolutionary. To achieve this goal, I elucidate one of the significant features of becoming-minoritarian-becoming-democratic. The said principle is one of the ways that shows how to become revolutionary against the capitalist-captured democracy. I elaborate this undertaking by explicating becoming-democracy's antithetical stance to conventional democratic practices and popular opinions, as well as its violence to the human condition. Ultimately, becomingdemocracy exemplifies the principle of becoming-revolutionary via its critical diagnosis of different capitalist and democratic codifications in the society. Such mode of resistance fuels philosophy's political vocation-the creation of concepts capable of radicalizing the grain towards a people and world-to-come.

Immanent Critique, and Cruz: Adorno on Aesthetics and the Possibility of Emancipation

Kritike: An Online Journal of Philosophy

Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination i... more Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination instead of freeing humanity from barbarism. This dialectic of Enlightenment, as the critical theorists Theodor Adorno and Max Horkkeimer put it, destroyed our mimetic relation with nature and privileged the language of modern science and logical positivism over art, among other maladies, philosophical or otherwise. This predicament intensified upon the culture industry's supremacy in the contemporary period that converted the artwork into a commodified product, and numbed the people's critical acumen. Contra these marginalizations, I elucidate in this paper art's material configurations and liberating potentials. In connection to this, I expound art's critico-dialectical import, with a specific thrust to Mideo Cruz's controversial installations at the Cultural Center of the Philippines last 2012. Significantly, upon art's disclosure of the damaged life, Adorno claims, it can confront identity and immanently critique advanced capitalism for the fashioning of emancipatory possibilities. After constructing the building-blocks of a new aesthetic theory, I explain in the last part the lessons that philosophy can learn from art.

Permanent Revolution: A Schizoanalytic Philosophy of Therapeutic and Revolutionary Transformation

Philosophia: International Journal of Philosophy

Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy: The Fabulation of a People-to-come and Becoming-Revolutionary

In this paper, I develop Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy as an expression of the philosophy ... more In this paper, I develop Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy as an expression of the philosophy of becoming-revolutionary. Firstly, I provide a general background on the concept of geophilosophy, in relation to the concepts such as contingency and becoming-Greek. It will be followed by a discussion on the art of fabulation and the people-to-come, in conjunction with the theory of refrain and politics. The said discussions accentuate the close affinity between arts and politics in the Deleuzo-Guattarian canon. Lastly, I elucidate geophilosophy in relation to revolutionary becoming and utopia. In this vein, geophilosophy transforms into a philosophy of becoming-revolutionary whose underlying principle is the creation of a world and people-to-come.

Permanent Revolution: A Schizoanalytic Philosophy of Therapeutic and Revolutionary Transformation

Philosophia: An International Journal of Philosophy

Becoming-Democratic as Becoming-Revolutionary

I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions ... more I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions as a principle of becoming-revolutionary. To achieve this goal, I elucidate one of the significant features of becoming-minoritarian-becoming-democratic. The said principle is one of the ways that shows how to become revolutionary against the capitalist-captured democracy. I elaborate this undertaking by explicating becoming-democracy's antithetical stance to conventional democratic practices and popular opinions, as well as its violence to the human condition. Ultimately, becoming-democracy exemplifies the principle of becoming-revolutionary via its critical diagnosis of different capitalist and democratic codifications in the society. Such mode of resistance fuels philosophy's political vocation-the creation of concepts capable of radicalizing the grain towards a people and world-to-come.

The Revolutionary Spinoza: Immanence, Ethology, and the Politic of Desire

This article is a reconstruction of Spinoza’s materialist ontology using Deleuze’s philosophy, to... more This article is a reconstruction of Spinoza’s materialist ontology using Deleuze’s philosophy, towards a revolutionary ethics of desire. In the first part, I discuss the nature of Spinoza’s radical ethics in conjunction with Deleuze’s immanent ethics. Moreover, I elaborate Spinoza’s philosophy of ethology and notion of agency (conatus). In the last part, I explain how these concepts have influenced Deleuze and Guattari’s formulation of an immanent, minortarian, and collective politics of desire. In addition, I explicate how this radical theory of ethics can engender the diagramming of a nomadic politics or a revolution-to-come.

Deleuze's Bergsonism: Multiplicity, Intuition, and the Virtual

This paper aims to explicate Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of Bergsonism. Specifically, I expound o... more This paper aims to explicate Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of Bergsonism. Specifically, I expound on Deleuze's reconstruction of Bergson's concepts of intuition, the virtual, and duration. Bergson's formulation of these concepts is critically informed by traditional science and metaphysics' insular obsession with quantitative differences, succession, homogeneity etc. In the eyes of Deleuze, this preoccupation redounds to the failure in perceiving real differences— the realm of qualitative difference, duration, intuition etc. Accordingly, real difference and the creative differentiation of its corollary concepts form part of Deleuze's Transcendental or Virtual Empiricism. Ultimately, tracing Deleuze's intellectual indebtedness to Bergson's differential philosophy does not only disclose his own way of overcoming or antagonizing traditional science and metaphysics, but more importantly, it opens us to a life of self-reflexivity, pure becoming, and infinite durations.

Cybersex, Bodies, and Domination: An Immanent Critique of Cyber-technology and the Possibility of Emancipation

The paper 1 attempts at a social critique of cybertechnology through a discussion of cybersex phe... more The paper 1 attempts at a social critique of cybertechnology
through a discussion of cybersex phenomenon
with an integral thrust on the human body and
domination. In the first part, an overall picture of the
cyber-landscape and cybersex―on how they radically
transform the human condition, will be elucidated. The
brand of transcendence rendered to us by this
phenomenon has revolutionized man’s understanding of
sexuality and relationship. However, cybersex is not
exempted from ethical diagnosis because its optimistic
promises are troubled by its concomitant drawbacks. A
reading of this kind of techno-cultural marginalization
using the critical theory tradition informed by the larger
social problems of pornography, gender-relations, and
capitalist reification, will be the substance of the third.
Lastly, it will be explicated that the very goal of
transfiguring the cyber-landscape must initially begin
with the transformation of technology and social values in
connection to human sexuality and relationships by
examining their immanent contradictions, towards the
possibility of human emancipation.

Neoliberal Capitalism, ASEAN Integration and Commodified Education: A Deleuzian Critique

This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ... more This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ASEAN Integration Project, expounds on capitalism's effects on universities or on Philippine Higher Education. Strategists of neoliberal capitalism, whom Deleuze and Guattari call the " poor technician[s] of desire, " persuade underdeveloped or developing countries to see in their resources for financial stability or education reform, a " lack " that needs immediate attention and find solution in the global call for liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. Once this psychoanalytic ploy achieves success, these countries become naive preys of neoliberal capitalism. They interpret this phenomenon as a contemporary fascism that manipulates the people to desire increased order, unity, and their own repression. To counter this system, they 1 I dedicate this essay to all the faculty and staff who will be retrenched this coming 2016 because of the implementation of the K to 12 Program.

THE “FALSE” OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE SOCIETY: ADORNO, IMMANENT CRITIQUE AND POPULAR MUSIC

Initially, I will provide a truncated elucidation of the foundations of Theodor Adorno's philosop... more Initially, I will provide a truncated elucidation of the foundations of Theodor Adorno's philosophy of immanent critique. Secondly, I will present his criticism of the capitalist-configured popular music and its effect to the degeneration of Philippine popular music. Next, I will use immanent critique as a philosophical device to analyze the manifold problems plaguing the contemporary Philippine society through the songs of some Filipino popular musicians, namely, Yano, Gloc-9 and Dicta License. An appendage to this is my attempt to accentuate the presence of a "critical impulse" in their select songs despite popular music's stereotyping as being devoid of societal relevance. Of course, this is not to say that emancipatory popular music is a new phenomenon in the Philippine music industry. My main argument rather is that advance capitalism's increasingly commodifying and menacing effects to individuals pose an extremely difficult challenge to present critical popular musicians. Lastly, I will explain some potential spaces for emancipation or more critical perspective in looking at the Filipino human condition that can be fashioned via these protean musical "artworks."

Tungo sa Isang Deleuzean na Pagbabasa ng Pagsibol ng Post-Anarkismo sa Pilipinas

Una sa lahat, babalangkasin sa papel na ito ang mga pangyayaring pinag-ugatan ng globalisadong pa... more Una sa lahat, babalangkasin sa papel na ito ang mga pangyayaring pinag-ugatan ng globalisadong paglaban sa kapitalismo at representasyon sa pamamagitan ng pagbabalik-tanaw sa kilusan ng Zapatista sa Brazil at sa iba't ibang Occupy Movements sa kasalukuyan. Ang genealohikal na pagtalakay na ito ay patungo sa ating lokal na bersiyon gaya ng bigong Occupy Rizal Movement na naganap noong ika-15 ng Oktubre, 2011, at ng Million People March noong ika-26 ng Agusto, 2013. Ang kontekstuwalisasyon sa Pilipinas ng makabagong pag-aaklas na ito ay gagamitin para muling bisitahin ang kasaysayan ng anarkismo sa Pilipinas at ang muli nitong pag-ibayo sa tulong na rin ng teknolohiyang cyber. Makatutulong ang nomadikong pilosopiya ng postanarkismo sa pagbuo ng isang bagong organisasyon sa ating kapuluan. Sa huling bahagi, babalangkasin ang emansipatoryong pag-asa ng post-anarkismo at itatala kung paano maging rebolusyonaryo ngayon gamit ang pilosopiya ng Pranses na si Gilles Deleuze.

Deleuze contra Hegel: The Rupture of the Dialectics towards Non-Conceptual Difference

This paper is a brief philosophical analysis of the relationship between G.W.F. Hegel and Gilles ... more This paper is a brief philosophical analysis of the relationship between G.W.F. Hegel and Gilles Deleuze's philosophy. In the first part, I will present Hegel's dialectical philosophy as the opus' point of departure including a truncated elucidation of the totalitarian aspect of his thinking. Since the Hegelian system is very comprehensive, it has also influenced other parts of Europe, especially France. Upon its arrival in the French soil, the system's structurality was re-attuned in accordance with the materialities engendered by the political events besetting the French society during the 1960s. In order to explicate this hermeneutical fusion of horizons, I will utilize Deleuze's philosophy of difference in order to undermine the Hegelian system. However, as Deleuze's intellectual career progresses, his radicalism has mitigated. From an inclusive diagnosis of the said system, it has merely ruptured the metaphysical walls of the dialectic to become sensible to the pluralistic voices of difference. Amidst this so-called Deleuzian turn, I will delineate in the last part some additional albeit sophisticated convergence between their philosophies.

A Deleuzian Reading of the EDSA Revolutions and the Possibility of Becoming-Revolutionary Today

This paper presents a Deleuzian re-thinking of the three EDSA Revolutions in the Philippines. Its... more This paper presents a Deleuzian re-thinking of the three EDSA Revolutions in the Philippines. Its frame is limited to contemporary and critical studies found in books, journals, and newspapers. Initially, I elucidate the nature of 1986 EDSA I Revolution, to be followed by an articulation of the concepts of assemblage and difference for a re-configuration of the 1986 revolution. I highlight and explain how the Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) transfigured into an arena of collective and dynamic action of various assemblagic relations. The rhizomic interaction of heterogeneous forces in the said highway undeniably exterminated the privileging of numerous traditional representations in the Philippine society. Furthermore, I explain the transition from the EDSA I revolution going to the EDSA II with a principal thrust on the principle of the eternal return as the return of the different, and the paradoxical ever-recurrence of political tyranny. Lastly, I explicate the narrative on how the Filipino assemblage is always caught in the web of ressentiment and identity, based from the EDSA I, II, and III. Due to these degenerate consequences, this essay recommends the conception of a new brand of revolution that is critical of molar and fascist political representations-the possibility of becoming-revolutionary today.

Subjugation, Immanent Critique and Cruz: Adorno on Aesthetics and the Possibility of Emancipation

Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination i... more Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination instead of freeing humanity from barbarism. This dialectic of Enlightenment, as the critical theorists Theodor Adorno and Max Horkkeimer put it, destroyed our mimetic relation with nature and privileged the language of modern science and logical positivism over art, among other maladies, philosophical or otherwise. This predicament intensified upon the culture industry's supremacy in the contemporary period that converted the artwork into a commodified product, and numbed the people's critical acumen. Contra these marginalizations, I elucidate in this paper art's material configurations and liberating potentials. In connection to this, I expound art's critico-dialectical import, with a specific thrust to Mideo Cruz's controversial installations at the Cultural Center of the Philippines last 2012. Significantly, upon art's disclosure of the damaged life, Adorno claims, it can confront identity and immanently critique advanced capitalism for the fashioning of emancipatory possibilities. After constructing the building-blocks of a new aesthetic theory, I explain in the last part the lessons that philosophy can learn from art.

Other by Raniel Reyes

Neoliberal Capitalism, ASEAN Integration, and Commodified Education: A Deleuzian Critique

This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ... more This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ASEAN Integration Project, expounds on capitalism’s effects on universities or on Philippine Higher Education. Strategists of neoliberal capitalism, whom Deleuze and Guattari call the “poor technician[s] of desire,” persuade underdeveloped or developing countries to see in their resources for financial stability or education reform, a “lack” that needs immediate attention and find solution in the global call for liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. Once this psychoanalytic ploy achieves success, these countries become naive preys of neoliberal capitalism. They interpret this phenomenon as a contemporary fascism that manipulates the people to desire increased order, unity, and their own repression. To counter this system, they formulate “schizoanalysis,” a radical philosophy that seeks the evisceration of psychoanalytic capitalism. In this article I use schizoanalysis or rhizomatic thinking to diagram a Deleuzian becoming-revolutionary
in the sphere of education.

Mapping a Precarious Ethics in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Semiocapitalism, the "New" Cognitariat, and Chaosmosis

Kritike: An On-line Journal of Philosophy, 2021

This article seeks to map out a precarious ethics in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily,... more This article seeks to map out a precarious ethics in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primarily, I reconstruct Franco Berardi's theorization of Semiocapitalism. The post-Fordist configuration of semiocapitalism has introduced novel forms of production, relations, and oppression, as well as spawned the emergence of a new virtual class-the 'cognitariat.' I expand the cognitariat's scope by including the students and teachers. In aiming to provide a more nuanced chronicle of the plight of the cognitariats, I seek the help of Byung-Chul Han, specifically, his diagnosis of the contemporary disappearance of community. Against the backdrop of the pandemic and the comprehensive utilization of virtual education, semiocapitalism strengthens and the cognitariat's precarity exacerbates. As such, the proliferation of psychopathologies, such as fatigue, depression, and suicide, especially in Third World countries, aggravates. Lastly, I diagram some pathways of becoming-chaoide that can serve as vectors of mutation and emancipation from the different forms of barbarism today. Diagramming a precarious ethics today necessitates the creation of minoritarian refrains, ruptures, and novel forms of subjectivation in the "new normal."

Becoming-Democratic as Becoming-Revolutionary

Kritike: An Online Journal of Philosophy

I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions ... more I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions as a principle of becoming-revolutionary. To achieve this goal, I elucidate one of the significant features of becoming-minoritarian-becoming-democratic. The said principle is one of the ways that shows how to become revolutionary against the capitalist-captured democracy. I elaborate this undertaking by explicating becoming-democracy's antithetical stance to conventional democratic practices and popular opinions, as well as its violence to the human condition. Ultimately, becomingdemocracy exemplifies the principle of becoming-revolutionary via its critical diagnosis of different capitalist and democratic codifications in the society. Such mode of resistance fuels philosophy's political vocation-the creation of concepts capable of radicalizing the grain towards a people and world-to-come.

Immanent Critique, and Cruz: Adorno on Aesthetics and the Possibility of Emancipation

Kritike: An Online Journal of Philosophy

Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination i... more Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination instead of freeing humanity from barbarism. This dialectic of Enlightenment, as the critical theorists Theodor Adorno and Max Horkkeimer put it, destroyed our mimetic relation with nature and privileged the language of modern science and logical positivism over art, among other maladies, philosophical or otherwise. This predicament intensified upon the culture industry's supremacy in the contemporary period that converted the artwork into a commodified product, and numbed the people's critical acumen. Contra these marginalizations, I elucidate in this paper art's material configurations and liberating potentials. In connection to this, I expound art's critico-dialectical import, with a specific thrust to Mideo Cruz's controversial installations at the Cultural Center of the Philippines last 2012. Significantly, upon art's disclosure of the damaged life, Adorno claims, it can confront identity and immanently critique advanced capitalism for the fashioning of emancipatory possibilities. After constructing the building-blocks of a new aesthetic theory, I explain in the last part the lessons that philosophy can learn from art.

Permanent Revolution: A Schizoanalytic Philosophy of Therapeutic and Revolutionary Transformation

Philosophia: International Journal of Philosophy

Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy: The Fabulation of a People-to-come and Becoming-Revolutionary

In this paper, I develop Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy as an expression of the philosophy ... more In this paper, I develop Deleuze and Guattari's Geophilosophy as an expression of the philosophy of becoming-revolutionary. Firstly, I provide a general background on the concept of geophilosophy, in relation to the concepts such as contingency and becoming-Greek. It will be followed by a discussion on the art of fabulation and the people-to-come, in conjunction with the theory of refrain and politics. The said discussions accentuate the close affinity between arts and politics in the Deleuzo-Guattarian canon. Lastly, I elucidate geophilosophy in relation to revolutionary becoming and utopia. In this vein, geophilosophy transforms into a philosophy of becoming-revolutionary whose underlying principle is the creation of a world and people-to-come.

Permanent Revolution: A Schizoanalytic Philosophy of Therapeutic and Revolutionary Transformation

Philosophia: An International Journal of Philosophy

Becoming-Democratic as Becoming-Revolutionary

I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions ... more I explain in this paper how Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming-minoritarian functions as a principle of becoming-revolutionary. To achieve this goal, I elucidate one of the significant features of becoming-minoritarian-becoming-democratic. The said principle is one of the ways that shows how to become revolutionary against the capitalist-captured democracy. I elaborate this undertaking by explicating becoming-democracy's antithetical stance to conventional democratic practices and popular opinions, as well as its violence to the human condition. Ultimately, becoming-democracy exemplifies the principle of becoming-revolutionary via its critical diagnosis of different capitalist and democratic codifications in the society. Such mode of resistance fuels philosophy's political vocation-the creation of concepts capable of radicalizing the grain towards a people and world-to-come.

The Revolutionary Spinoza: Immanence, Ethology, and the Politic of Desire

This article is a reconstruction of Spinoza’s materialist ontology using Deleuze’s philosophy, to... more This article is a reconstruction of Spinoza’s materialist ontology using Deleuze’s philosophy, towards a revolutionary ethics of desire. In the first part, I discuss the nature of Spinoza’s radical ethics in conjunction with Deleuze’s immanent ethics. Moreover, I elaborate Spinoza’s philosophy of ethology and notion of agency (conatus). In the last part, I explain how these concepts have influenced Deleuze and Guattari’s formulation of an immanent, minortarian, and collective politics of desire. In addition, I explicate how this radical theory of ethics can engender the diagramming of a nomadic politics or a revolution-to-come.

Deleuze's Bergsonism: Multiplicity, Intuition, and the Virtual

This paper aims to explicate Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of Bergsonism. Specifically, I expound o... more This paper aims to explicate Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of Bergsonism. Specifically, I expound on Deleuze's reconstruction of Bergson's concepts of intuition, the virtual, and duration. Bergson's formulation of these concepts is critically informed by traditional science and metaphysics' insular obsession with quantitative differences, succession, homogeneity etc. In the eyes of Deleuze, this preoccupation redounds to the failure in perceiving real differences— the realm of qualitative difference, duration, intuition etc. Accordingly, real difference and the creative differentiation of its corollary concepts form part of Deleuze's Transcendental or Virtual Empiricism. Ultimately, tracing Deleuze's intellectual indebtedness to Bergson's differential philosophy does not only disclose his own way of overcoming or antagonizing traditional science and metaphysics, but more importantly, it opens us to a life of self-reflexivity, pure becoming, and infinite durations.

Cybersex, Bodies, and Domination: An Immanent Critique of Cyber-technology and the Possibility of Emancipation

The paper 1 attempts at a social critique of cybertechnology through a discussion of cybersex phe... more The paper 1 attempts at a social critique of cybertechnology
through a discussion of cybersex phenomenon
with an integral thrust on the human body and
domination. In the first part, an overall picture of the
cyber-landscape and cybersex―on how they radically
transform the human condition, will be elucidated. The
brand of transcendence rendered to us by this
phenomenon has revolutionized man’s understanding of
sexuality and relationship. However, cybersex is not
exempted from ethical diagnosis because its optimistic
promises are troubled by its concomitant drawbacks. A
reading of this kind of techno-cultural marginalization
using the critical theory tradition informed by the larger
social problems of pornography, gender-relations, and
capitalist reification, will be the substance of the third.
Lastly, it will be explicated that the very goal of
transfiguring the cyber-landscape must initially begin
with the transformation of technology and social values in
connection to human sexuality and relationships by
examining their immanent contradictions, towards the
possibility of human emancipation.

Neoliberal Capitalism, ASEAN Integration and Commodified Education: A Deleuzian Critique

This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ... more This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ASEAN Integration Project, expounds on capitalism's effects on universities or on Philippine Higher Education. Strategists of neoliberal capitalism, whom Deleuze and Guattari call the " poor technician[s] of desire, " persuade underdeveloped or developing countries to see in their resources for financial stability or education reform, a " lack " that needs immediate attention and find solution in the global call for liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. Once this psychoanalytic ploy achieves success, these countries become naive preys of neoliberal capitalism. They interpret this phenomenon as a contemporary fascism that manipulates the people to desire increased order, unity, and their own repression. To counter this system, they 1 I dedicate this essay to all the faculty and staff who will be retrenched this coming 2016 because of the implementation of the K to 12 Program.

THE “FALSE” OF CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE SOCIETY: ADORNO, IMMANENT CRITIQUE AND POPULAR MUSIC

Initially, I will provide a truncated elucidation of the foundations of Theodor Adorno's philosop... more Initially, I will provide a truncated elucidation of the foundations of Theodor Adorno's philosophy of immanent critique. Secondly, I will present his criticism of the capitalist-configured popular music and its effect to the degeneration of Philippine popular music. Next, I will use immanent critique as a philosophical device to analyze the manifold problems plaguing the contemporary Philippine society through the songs of some Filipino popular musicians, namely, Yano, Gloc-9 and Dicta License. An appendage to this is my attempt to accentuate the presence of a "critical impulse" in their select songs despite popular music's stereotyping as being devoid of societal relevance. Of course, this is not to say that emancipatory popular music is a new phenomenon in the Philippine music industry. My main argument rather is that advance capitalism's increasingly commodifying and menacing effects to individuals pose an extremely difficult challenge to present critical popular musicians. Lastly, I will explain some potential spaces for emancipation or more critical perspective in looking at the Filipino human condition that can be fashioned via these protean musical "artworks."

Tungo sa Isang Deleuzean na Pagbabasa ng Pagsibol ng Post-Anarkismo sa Pilipinas

Una sa lahat, babalangkasin sa papel na ito ang mga pangyayaring pinag-ugatan ng globalisadong pa... more Una sa lahat, babalangkasin sa papel na ito ang mga pangyayaring pinag-ugatan ng globalisadong paglaban sa kapitalismo at representasyon sa pamamagitan ng pagbabalik-tanaw sa kilusan ng Zapatista sa Brazil at sa iba't ibang Occupy Movements sa kasalukuyan. Ang genealohikal na pagtalakay na ito ay patungo sa ating lokal na bersiyon gaya ng bigong Occupy Rizal Movement na naganap noong ika-15 ng Oktubre, 2011, at ng Million People March noong ika-26 ng Agusto, 2013. Ang kontekstuwalisasyon sa Pilipinas ng makabagong pag-aaklas na ito ay gagamitin para muling bisitahin ang kasaysayan ng anarkismo sa Pilipinas at ang muli nitong pag-ibayo sa tulong na rin ng teknolohiyang cyber. Makatutulong ang nomadikong pilosopiya ng postanarkismo sa pagbuo ng isang bagong organisasyon sa ating kapuluan. Sa huling bahagi, babalangkasin ang emansipatoryong pag-asa ng post-anarkismo at itatala kung paano maging rebolusyonaryo ngayon gamit ang pilosopiya ng Pranses na si Gilles Deleuze.

Deleuze contra Hegel: The Rupture of the Dialectics towards Non-Conceptual Difference

This paper is a brief philosophical analysis of the relationship between G.W.F. Hegel and Gilles ... more This paper is a brief philosophical analysis of the relationship between G.W.F. Hegel and Gilles Deleuze's philosophy. In the first part, I will present Hegel's dialectical philosophy as the opus' point of departure including a truncated elucidation of the totalitarian aspect of his thinking. Since the Hegelian system is very comprehensive, it has also influenced other parts of Europe, especially France. Upon its arrival in the French soil, the system's structurality was re-attuned in accordance with the materialities engendered by the political events besetting the French society during the 1960s. In order to explicate this hermeneutical fusion of horizons, I will utilize Deleuze's philosophy of difference in order to undermine the Hegelian system. However, as Deleuze's intellectual career progresses, his radicalism has mitigated. From an inclusive diagnosis of the said system, it has merely ruptured the metaphysical walls of the dialectic to become sensible to the pluralistic voices of difference. Amidst this so-called Deleuzian turn, I will delineate in the last part some additional albeit sophisticated convergence between their philosophies.

A Deleuzian Reading of the EDSA Revolutions and the Possibility of Becoming-Revolutionary Today

This paper presents a Deleuzian re-thinking of the three EDSA Revolutions in the Philippines. Its... more This paper presents a Deleuzian re-thinking of the three EDSA Revolutions in the Philippines. Its frame is limited to contemporary and critical studies found in books, journals, and newspapers. Initially, I elucidate the nature of 1986 EDSA I Revolution, to be followed by an articulation of the concepts of assemblage and difference for a re-configuration of the 1986 revolution. I highlight and explain how the Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) transfigured into an arena of collective and dynamic action of various assemblagic relations. The rhizomic interaction of heterogeneous forces in the said highway undeniably exterminated the privileging of numerous traditional representations in the Philippine society. Furthermore, I explain the transition from the EDSA I revolution going to the EDSA II with a principal thrust on the principle of the eternal return as the return of the different, and the paradoxical ever-recurrence of political tyranny. Lastly, I explicate the narrative on how the Filipino assemblage is always caught in the web of ressentiment and identity, based from the EDSA I, II, and III. Due to these degenerate consequences, this essay recommends the conception of a new brand of revolution that is critical of molar and fascist political representations-the possibility of becoming-revolutionary today.

Subjugation, Immanent Critique and Cruz: Adorno on Aesthetics and the Possibility of Emancipation

Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination i... more Due to reason's instrumentalization, the Enlightenment project turned into a myth of domination instead of freeing humanity from barbarism. This dialectic of Enlightenment, as the critical theorists Theodor Adorno and Max Horkkeimer put it, destroyed our mimetic relation with nature and privileged the language of modern science and logical positivism over art, among other maladies, philosophical or otherwise. This predicament intensified upon the culture industry's supremacy in the contemporary period that converted the artwork into a commodified product, and numbed the people's critical acumen. Contra these marginalizations, I elucidate in this paper art's material configurations and liberating potentials. In connection to this, I expound art's critico-dialectical import, with a specific thrust to Mideo Cruz's controversial installations at the Cultural Center of the Philippines last 2012. Significantly, upon art's disclosure of the damaged life, Adorno claims, it can confront identity and immanently critique advanced capitalism for the fashioning of emancipatory possibilities. After constructing the building-blocks of a new aesthetic theory, I explain in the last part the lessons that philosophy can learn from art.

Neoliberal Capitalism, ASEAN Integration, and Commodified Education: A Deleuzian Critique

This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ... more This article launches a Deleuzian critical diagnosis of neoliberal capitalism, which through the ASEAN Integration Project, expounds on capitalism’s effects on universities or on Philippine Higher Education. Strategists of neoliberal capitalism, whom Deleuze and Guattari call the “poor technician[s] of desire,” persuade underdeveloped or developing countries to see in their resources for financial stability or education reform, a “lack” that needs immediate attention and find solution in the global call for liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. Once this psychoanalytic ploy achieves success, these countries become naive preys of neoliberal capitalism. They interpret this phenomenon as a contemporary fascism that manipulates the people to desire increased order, unity, and their own repression. To counter this system, they formulate “schizoanalysis,” a radical philosophy that seeks the evisceration of psychoanalytic capitalism. In this article I use schizoanalysis or rhizomatic thinking to diagram a Deleuzian becoming-revolutionary
in the sphere of education.