Objective: To assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and overw... more Objective: To assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and overweight in children from a Mediterranean country. Design: The children's dietary intake was measured using a semi-quantitative FFQ completed by the parents. Overall, 2512 questionnaires were returned and 837 children were removed, leaving a final sample of 1675 children, aged between 5 and 10 years. Height and weight were measured according to international standards, and BMI was calculated. The definition of overweight and obesity was based on average centiles according to the International Obesity Task Force cutoffs. To determine the magnitude of the association between SSB consumption and overweight, OR estimates, including CI, were computed using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Setting: Elementary schools throughout the city of Porto, Portugal. Subjects: We invited 5867 children, randomly selected, and their parents to participate in the study. Of those schools that agreed to take part, 3391 parents signed and returned the fully filled out consent form. Results: The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was 36?6 % for girls and 38?8 % for boys. With regard to SSB consumption (serving/d), no differences between with overweight and non-overweight children were found even after adjustment for confounders (1-2 servings/d: OR 5 1?67, 95 % CI 0?76, 3?66, in girls; OR 5 1?63, 95 % CI 0?76, 3?47, in boys; and .2 servings/d: OR 5 0?63, 95 % CI 0?33, 1?22, in girls; OR 5 0?64, 95 % CI 0?33, 1?52, in boys). Conclusions: The intake of SSB was not associated with increased risk of overweight in Portuguese schoolchildren.
We analyzed the 5-year longitudinal relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and card... more We analyzed the 5-year longitudinal relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors in children. A total of 153 students (66 boys and 87 girls) were evaluated in 1998 and 2003. Multilevel modeling was used to determine the effect of CRF across time (Model 1, adjusted for time and Model 2-Model 1 with further adjustment for gender and age). In both models, a significant main effect was found for body mass index (BMI) (P 0.05). Data showed that in children, lower levels of CRF are associated with higher levels of BMI over a 5-year follow-up period. Am.
O objectivo deste trabalho foi determinar qual a relação entre o medo de cair, o equilíbrio e a p... more O objectivo deste trabalho foi determinar qual a relação entre o medo de cair, o equilíbrio e a prática de actividade física em idosos institucionalizados. A amostra foi constituída por 56 idosos institucionalizados (65 e 95 anos) divididos em função do padrão de prática de actividade física e do sexo. O equilíbrio, o medo de cair e a ocorrência de quedas nos últimos 12 meses foram estudados como factores de risco para as quedas. Os resultados mostraram que: i) não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no equilíbrio em função do sexo; ii) os idosos do sexo masculino apresentaram menor medo de cair que os do sexo feminino; iii) os praticantes de actividade física apresentaram maior equilíbrio e menor medo de cair do que os não praticantes; iv) verificou-se uma associação positiva entre o medo de cair e o equilíbrio, entre o medo de cair e a prática de actividade física e entre o equilíbrio e a prática de actividade física. Conclui-se que, em idosos institucionalizados, o sexo não influencia o equilíbrio mas influencia negativamente o medo de cair e que a ocorrência de quedas não parece ter grande impacto no medo de cair. Os resultados deste trabalho sugerem ainda que a prática de actividade física está associada a um maior equilíbrio e a um menor medo de cair.
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between muscular fitness (MF... more Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between muscular fitness (MF), assessed by 2 components of Fitnessgram test battery, the Curl-Up and Push-Ups tests and the metabolic risk score among adolescent girls. Methods: A total of 229 girls (aged 12-15 years old) comprised the sample of this study. Anthropometric data (height, body mass, waist circumference) were collected. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated. Muscular strength was assessed taking into account the tests that comprised the FITNESSGRAM test battery, i.e. the curl-up and the push-up. Participants were then categorized in one of 3 categories according the number of tests in which they accomplished the scores that allow them to be classified in health or above health zone. The blood pressure [BP], fasting total cholesterol [TC], low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], high density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides [TG], glucose, and a metabolic risk score (MRS) were also examined. Physical Activity Index (PAI) was obtained by questionnaire. Results: Higher compliance with health-zone criteria (good in the 2 tests), adjusted for age and maturation, were positive and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with height (r = 0.19) and PAI (r = 0.21), while a significant but negative association was found for BMI (r = -0.12); WC (r = -0.19); TC (r = -0.16); TG (r = -0.16); LDL (r = -0.16) and MRS (r = -0.16). Logistic regression showed that who were assigned to MF fittest group were less likely (OR = 0.27; p = 0.003) to be classified overweight/obese and less likely (OR = 0.26; p = 0.03) to be classified as having MRS. This last association was also found for those whom only performed 1 test under the health zone (OR = 0.23; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our data showed that low strength test performance was associated with increased risk for obesity and metabolic risk in adolescent girls even after adjustment for age and maturation.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a predecessor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, has ... more The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a predecessor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, has become prevalent in adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS, its risk factors, and to analyze the relationship between MetS, weight status and physical fitness in Azorean adolescents.
Rev. bras. Educ. Fís. Esp., São Paulo, v.19, n.4, p.317-28, out./dez. 2005 • 317 Obesidade, síndr... more Rev. bras. Educ. Fís. Esp., São Paulo, v.19, n.4, p.317-28, out./dez. 2005 • 317 Obesidade, síndrome metabólica Introdução Obesidade, síndrome metabólica e atividade física: estudo exploratório realizado com adultos de ambos os sexos, da Ilha de S. Miguel, Região
Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, Jan 1, 2001
O desporto e a actividade física são actualmente parte integral da vida social, sendo catalogados... more O desporto e a actividade física são actualmente parte integral da vida social, sendo catalogados como os pressupostos de referência de um conjunto de valores e regras que representam em si a força geradora da sua dinâmica e importância. Embora o lazer seja um conceito complexo, com diferentes significados, dependendo do contexto sócio-cultural e do próprio indivíduo, podemos considerá-lo A. Lazer como tempo livre B. Lazer como actividade recreativa C. Lazer como atitude Esta tentativa pedagógica de situar, ou esclarecer o significado do lazer, deixa antever, desde logo, o carácter dinâmico e de pluralidade de entendimentos e contextualizações passíveis e também possíveis de serem obtidos. Não é possível menosprezar, neste contexto e num âmbito mais alargado das actividades de lazer, a existência de uma multiplicidade de lazeres que desencadeiam e exigem interpretações alargadas. É necessário considerar a existência de um fenómeno global de carácter sócio-económico e cultural à escala planetária, mas, com necessidades e nuances específicas em função das microsociedades que nos rodeiam (4) . De qualquer modo, o fenómeno do lazer e das suas práticas, na actualidade, parece não oferecer grande contestação pois elas não se constituem um privilégio duma minoria. Pelo contrário, o lazer é assumido pela sociedade em geral, sendo que o hedonismo é um dos suportes fundamentais da cultura hodierna . Com efeito, o consumo generalizado (consumo de massas) transformou de forma significativa o hedonismo característico das sociedades mais abastadas num comportamento mais generalizado da população. É evidente que o culto do consumo, do tempo livre e do prazer se constituem como características definidoras do quadro social contemporâneo (3) . Não é de estranhar portanto, que o fenómeno do lazer concorra com o espaço e ritmo de vida quotidiana do indivíduo. Efectivamente, com a diminuição do tempo de trabalho, o aumento da escolaridade e as reformas antecipadas, as pessoas vêem-se confrontadas com um tempo que pretendem ocupar utilmente. Nesta perspectiva, o lazer surge, pois, com uma faceta importante, com um sentido objectivo, como uma forma de encontro e de compensação das necessidades sociais através de uma contenção social positiva (31) . Deste modo o espaço de lazer pode ser associado a um conteúdo que é livremente orientado para a realização da pessoa, encaminhando-se no sentido da auto-realização, isto é, os indivíduos querem ter a capacidade de moldar a sua existência de modo a explorarem, desenvolverem e utilizarem as suas capacidades, valores e interesses (29) . No mundo contemporâneo, as manifestações mais importantes das dinâmicas culturais são a diluição das fronteiras convencionais entre os diferentes níveis de conhecimento (9) . Parece-nos relevante, a este propósito, compreender as relações e as realidades vigentes na funcionalidade das nossas sociedades e por isso perceber as potencialidades das práticas de lazer em face das mudanças sociais e culturais contemporâneas, traduzidas num
Background Aerobic exercise leads to reduced sympathetic and increased cardiac vagal modulation, ... more Background Aerobic exercise leads to reduced sympathetic and increased cardiac vagal modulation, providing an antiarrhythmic effect. The optimal exercise intensity to promote this adaptation remains undefined. The aims of the present investigation were twofold. First, to examine differences in heart rate variability (HRV) measures in participants with different levels of objectively measured physical activity (PA). Second, to identify the characteristic of PA which most influences the cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS) function in young adults. Methods Cross-sectional evaluation of 84 adults examining relationships between PA amount and intensities, measured by accelerometry, cANS function derived from HRV. Groups were created based on tertiles of PA and analysis of covariance was used to assess between-group differences in HRV. Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the characteristic of PA, which best predicted vagal HRV indices. Results There were significantly higher levels of vagal HRV indices in the most active group compared with the least active group. Regression analysis revealed that the number of bouts of vigorous PA undertaken was the best predictor of the vagal HRV indices assessed. Conclusion This study suggests that vagal modulation is enhanced with high levels of PA and that it is the number of bouts of vigorous PA that is most closely associated with cANS function. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev
The aim of this study was to verify the relation between body mass index (BMI) and sitting time i... more The aim of this study was to verify the relation between body mass index (BMI) and sitting time in a sample of 4,091 Azorean men. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Total physical activity (PA) time and total sitting time were assessed with the IPAQ (short version). Linear Regression analysis showed that total sitting time (hours/day) was positively associated with BMI (B = 0.078; p < 0.001) after adjustments for age, meal frequency, alcohol and tobacco consumptions, island of residence, education level and total PA time. Although the cross sectional design precludes us from establishing causality, our findings emphasize the importance of reducing sedentary behavior to decrease the risk of obesity.
... Força muscular em idosos I Será o treino generalizado ... Para além da sua relação com a mo... more ... Força muscular em idosos I Será o treino generalizado ... Para além da sua relação com a mobilidade, funcionalidade e autono-mia, a força tem igualmente um papel preponderante na diminuição do risco de quedas e, consequente-mente, de fracturas facilitadas pela maior ...
Objective: To assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and overw... more Objective: To assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and overweight in children from a Mediterranean country. Design: The children's dietary intake was measured using a semi-quantitative FFQ completed by the parents. Overall, 2512 questionnaires were returned and 837 children were removed, leaving a final sample of 1675 children, aged between 5 and 10 years. Height and weight were measured according to international standards, and BMI was calculated. The definition of overweight and obesity was based on average centiles according to the International Obesity Task Force cutoffs. To determine the magnitude of the association between SSB consumption and overweight, OR estimates, including CI, were computed using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Setting: Elementary schools throughout the city of Porto, Portugal. Subjects: We invited 5867 children, randomly selected, and their parents to participate in the study. Of those schools that agreed to take part, 3391 parents signed and returned the fully filled out consent form. Results: The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was 36?6 % for girls and 38?8 % for boys. With regard to SSB consumption (serving/d), no differences between with overweight and non-overweight children were found even after adjustment for confounders (1-2 servings/d: OR 5 1?67, 95 % CI 0?76, 3?66, in girls; OR 5 1?63, 95 % CI 0?76, 3?47, in boys; and .2 servings/d: OR 5 0?63, 95 % CI 0?33, 1?22, in girls; OR 5 0?64, 95 % CI 0?33, 1?52, in boys). Conclusions: The intake of SSB was not associated with increased risk of overweight in Portuguese schoolchildren.
We analyzed the 5-year longitudinal relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and card... more We analyzed the 5-year longitudinal relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors in children. A total of 153 students (66 boys and 87 girls) were evaluated in 1998 and 2003. Multilevel modeling was used to determine the effect of CRF across time (Model 1, adjusted for time and Model 2-Model 1 with further adjustment for gender and age). In both models, a significant main effect was found for body mass index (BMI) (P 0.05). Data showed that in children, lower levels of CRF are associated with higher levels of BMI over a 5-year follow-up period. Am.
O objectivo deste trabalho foi determinar qual a relação entre o medo de cair, o equilíbrio e a p... more O objectivo deste trabalho foi determinar qual a relação entre o medo de cair, o equilíbrio e a prática de actividade física em idosos institucionalizados. A amostra foi constituída por 56 idosos institucionalizados (65 e 95 anos) divididos em função do padrão de prática de actividade física e do sexo. O equilíbrio, o medo de cair e a ocorrência de quedas nos últimos 12 meses foram estudados como factores de risco para as quedas. Os resultados mostraram que: i) não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no equilíbrio em função do sexo; ii) os idosos do sexo masculino apresentaram menor medo de cair que os do sexo feminino; iii) os praticantes de actividade física apresentaram maior equilíbrio e menor medo de cair do que os não praticantes; iv) verificou-se uma associação positiva entre o medo de cair e o equilíbrio, entre o medo de cair e a prática de actividade física e entre o equilíbrio e a prática de actividade física. Conclui-se que, em idosos institucionalizados, o sexo não influencia o equilíbrio mas influencia negativamente o medo de cair e que a ocorrência de quedas não parece ter grande impacto no medo de cair. Os resultados deste trabalho sugerem ainda que a prática de actividade física está associada a um maior equilíbrio e a um menor medo de cair.
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between muscular fitness (MF... more Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between muscular fitness (MF), assessed by 2 components of Fitnessgram test battery, the Curl-Up and Push-Ups tests and the metabolic risk score among adolescent girls. Methods: A total of 229 girls (aged 12-15 years old) comprised the sample of this study. Anthropometric data (height, body mass, waist circumference) were collected. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated. Muscular strength was assessed taking into account the tests that comprised the FITNESSGRAM test battery, i.e. the curl-up and the push-up. Participants were then categorized in one of 3 categories according the number of tests in which they accomplished the scores that allow them to be classified in health or above health zone. The blood pressure [BP], fasting total cholesterol [TC], low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], high density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides [TG], glucose, and a metabolic risk score (MRS) were also examined. Physical Activity Index (PAI) was obtained by questionnaire. Results: Higher compliance with health-zone criteria (good in the 2 tests), adjusted for age and maturation, were positive and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with height (r = 0.19) and PAI (r = 0.21), while a significant but negative association was found for BMI (r = -0.12); WC (r = -0.19); TC (r = -0.16); TG (r = -0.16); LDL (r = -0.16) and MRS (r = -0.16). Logistic regression showed that who were assigned to MF fittest group were less likely (OR = 0.27; p = 0.003) to be classified overweight/obese and less likely (OR = 0.26; p = 0.03) to be classified as having MRS. This last association was also found for those whom only performed 1 test under the health zone (OR = 0.23; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our data showed that low strength test performance was associated with increased risk for obesity and metabolic risk in adolescent girls even after adjustment for age and maturation.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a predecessor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, has ... more The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a predecessor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, has become prevalent in adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS, its risk factors, and to analyze the relationship between MetS, weight status and physical fitness in Azorean adolescents.
Rev. bras. Educ. Fís. Esp., São Paulo, v.19, n.4, p.317-28, out./dez. 2005 • 317 Obesidade, síndr... more Rev. bras. Educ. Fís. Esp., São Paulo, v.19, n.4, p.317-28, out./dez. 2005 • 317 Obesidade, síndrome metabólica Introdução Obesidade, síndrome metabólica e atividade física: estudo exploratório realizado com adultos de ambos os sexos, da Ilha de S. Miguel, Região
Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, Jan 1, 2001
O desporto e a actividade física são actualmente parte integral da vida social, sendo catalogados... more O desporto e a actividade física são actualmente parte integral da vida social, sendo catalogados como os pressupostos de referência de um conjunto de valores e regras que representam em si a força geradora da sua dinâmica e importância. Embora o lazer seja um conceito complexo, com diferentes significados, dependendo do contexto sócio-cultural e do próprio indivíduo, podemos considerá-lo A. Lazer como tempo livre B. Lazer como actividade recreativa C. Lazer como atitude Esta tentativa pedagógica de situar, ou esclarecer o significado do lazer, deixa antever, desde logo, o carácter dinâmico e de pluralidade de entendimentos e contextualizações passíveis e também possíveis de serem obtidos. Não é possível menosprezar, neste contexto e num âmbito mais alargado das actividades de lazer, a existência de uma multiplicidade de lazeres que desencadeiam e exigem interpretações alargadas. É necessário considerar a existência de um fenómeno global de carácter sócio-económico e cultural à escala planetária, mas, com necessidades e nuances específicas em função das microsociedades que nos rodeiam (4) . De qualquer modo, o fenómeno do lazer e das suas práticas, na actualidade, parece não oferecer grande contestação pois elas não se constituem um privilégio duma minoria. Pelo contrário, o lazer é assumido pela sociedade em geral, sendo que o hedonismo é um dos suportes fundamentais da cultura hodierna . Com efeito, o consumo generalizado (consumo de massas) transformou de forma significativa o hedonismo característico das sociedades mais abastadas num comportamento mais generalizado da população. É evidente que o culto do consumo, do tempo livre e do prazer se constituem como características definidoras do quadro social contemporâneo (3) . Não é de estranhar portanto, que o fenómeno do lazer concorra com o espaço e ritmo de vida quotidiana do indivíduo. Efectivamente, com a diminuição do tempo de trabalho, o aumento da escolaridade e as reformas antecipadas, as pessoas vêem-se confrontadas com um tempo que pretendem ocupar utilmente. Nesta perspectiva, o lazer surge, pois, com uma faceta importante, com um sentido objectivo, como uma forma de encontro e de compensação das necessidades sociais através de uma contenção social positiva (31) . Deste modo o espaço de lazer pode ser associado a um conteúdo que é livremente orientado para a realização da pessoa, encaminhando-se no sentido da auto-realização, isto é, os indivíduos querem ter a capacidade de moldar a sua existência de modo a explorarem, desenvolverem e utilizarem as suas capacidades, valores e interesses (29) . No mundo contemporâneo, as manifestações mais importantes das dinâmicas culturais são a diluição das fronteiras convencionais entre os diferentes níveis de conhecimento (9) . Parece-nos relevante, a este propósito, compreender as relações e as realidades vigentes na funcionalidade das nossas sociedades e por isso perceber as potencialidades das práticas de lazer em face das mudanças sociais e culturais contemporâneas, traduzidas num
Background Aerobic exercise leads to reduced sympathetic and increased cardiac vagal modulation, ... more Background Aerobic exercise leads to reduced sympathetic and increased cardiac vagal modulation, providing an antiarrhythmic effect. The optimal exercise intensity to promote this adaptation remains undefined. The aims of the present investigation were twofold. First, to examine differences in heart rate variability (HRV) measures in participants with different levels of objectively measured physical activity (PA). Second, to identify the characteristic of PA which most influences the cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS) function in young adults. Methods Cross-sectional evaluation of 84 adults examining relationships between PA amount and intensities, measured by accelerometry, cANS function derived from HRV. Groups were created based on tertiles of PA and analysis of covariance was used to assess between-group differences in HRV. Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the characteristic of PA, which best predicted vagal HRV indices. Results There were significantly higher levels of vagal HRV indices in the most active group compared with the least active group. Regression analysis revealed that the number of bouts of vigorous PA undertaken was the best predictor of the vagal HRV indices assessed. Conclusion This study suggests that vagal modulation is enhanced with high levels of PA and that it is the number of bouts of vigorous PA that is most closely associated with cANS function. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev
The aim of this study was to verify the relation between body mass index (BMI) and sitting time i... more The aim of this study was to verify the relation between body mass index (BMI) and sitting time in a sample of 4,091 Azorean men. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Total physical activity (PA) time and total sitting time were assessed with the IPAQ (short version). Linear Regression analysis showed that total sitting time (hours/day) was positively associated with BMI (B = 0.078; p < 0.001) after adjustments for age, meal frequency, alcohol and tobacco consumptions, island of residence, education level and total PA time. Although the cross sectional design precludes us from establishing causality, our findings emphasize the importance of reducing sedentary behavior to decrease the risk of obesity.
... Força muscular em idosos I Será o treino generalizado ... Para além da sua relação com a mo... more ... Força muscular em idosos I Será o treino generalizado ... Para além da sua relação com a mobilidade, funcionalidade e autono-mia, a força tem igualmente um papel preponderante na diminuição do risco de quedas e, consequente-mente, de fracturas facilitadas pela maior ...
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