Papers by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
In this work, a novel system is designed to remote monitor / automatic control of the temperature... more In this work, a novel system is designed to remote monitor / automatic control of the temperature, humidity and soil moisture of the agricultural greenhouses. In the proposed system, the author used the mentioned sensors for monitoring the climatic conditions of the agricultural greenhouses; and the system makes a controlling process to fix the required parameters for plant growth by running / stopping the fan, air exchanger and irrigation devices when any changes happened in these parameters. The presented system is based on XBee protocol in the implemented wireless sensor star topology network (WSN) to monitor the agricultural greenhouses in real time, and used the GSM and Internet technologies to monitor the agricultural greenhouses from anywhere.
In this work, the author implemented a NOVEL technique of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) o... more In this work, the author implemented a NOVEL technique of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based on space frequency-block coding (SF-BC). Where, the implemented code is designed based on the QOC using the techniques of the reconfigurable antennas. The proposed system is implemented using MATLAB program, and the results showing best performance of a wireless communications system of higher coding gain and diversity.
This paper presents a new design for a portable real time patient monitoring / diagnosing system ... more This paper presents a new design for a portable real time patient monitoring / diagnosing system based on E-health, GSM-health, I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol. The proposed system measures patient biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors, namely patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS) and electromyography sensor (EMG). The system is designed to monitor the sleep position and skin conductance (calm indicator) of patients with alarm for abnormal cases in the both base station (BS) and lobbies. The system is supported by GSM to send an alarm SMS to doctor for abnormal cases and to follow up the patient glucose rate remotely. The system is supported by the Internet service using a special designed website. The system uploads patient information and measured glucose data via the special website, so that the doctor can follow up the patient remotely and to write his recommendation to the patient or the hospital staff. Moreover, the system introduces printing and saving patient information facilities for archiving and statistical study. This system was implemented practically under supervision of specialist physicians. The obtained results are very satisfied and promising to offer great services to the human care.
Patient's health monitoring / diagnostic systems have become the focus of attention of researcher... more Patient's health monitoring / diagnostic systems have become the focus of attention of researchers today. This
paper presents a design of a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based
on E-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol. The system measures the biomedical data utilizing a
group of sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS)
and electromyography sensor (EMG). The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm)
of the patients in real time with alarm of each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in the lobbies, and it follows up the
patient's blood glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's electromyography status too. Moreover, the system stores the patient
information and his health data in order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study. In the achieved system, three
nodes are considered according to the facilities available but it stays monitor / diagnosis for an open node number. The system
is implemented practically and applied for some persons under supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results obtained
are very positive and present a great service to human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper. In future we will
present a development system which is the use of Internet and GSM for remotely following up the patient status by his
supervisor doctor.
The development of the healthcare systems, by combining E-
health, I-health and GSM-health togeth... more The development of the healthcare systems, by combining E-
health, I-health and GSM-health together, recently became the
focus of attention of researchers. In this research, will develop
our research that practically designed in the name of "Real
Time Portable Health Care PP, GSR, BG, EMG with Alarm
System Based on WSN" to assist in the development of the
health situation in the hospitals. The system develops by
supporting GSM and Internet together in the wireless sensor
network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol and by supporting the
printing of medical reports. Where the implemented system
measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of biomedical
sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin
response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS) and
electromyography sensor (EMG).
The System monitors the sleep position and skin conductance
(indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with
alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and
lobbies, and sends SMS alarm to doctor's phone, and it
follows-up patient's glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's
electromyography status. Moreover, it sends the glucose data
to doctor's phone and uploads it to the special web site by
using the GSM and Internet technologies. In addition, it
introduces a printed hard copy medical report. Moreover, the
system stores the patient information and his health data in
order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study.
In the achievement system, three nodes are considered
according to the facilities available but it stays monitor /
diagnosis for an open node number. The system is
implemented practically and applied for some persons under
supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results
obtained are very satisfied and present a great service to
human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper.
Thesis Chapters by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is technology for digital transmission of radio signal in te... more Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is technology for digital transmission of radio signal in telecommunication systems. In this technology, multiple users can transmit the data simultaneously in a channel using same frequency. Each user is assigned a distinguished code for transmission.
There are different codes are used for this purpose. Here, Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence, Gold sequence and Walsh code are generated using MATLAB programming. Using Walsh code, the data is transmitted to receiver in Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh Fading channels.
In this project, transmitted data is generated randomly using MATLAB function. During transmission, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values of signal changes to calculate Bit Error Rate (BER) value to plot BER vs. SNR graph for two users in AWGN and Rayleigh Fading channels.
The next generation wireless communications systems need to be of a higher standard in order to p... more The next generation wireless communications systems need to be of a higher standard in order to provide the customers with the multitude of high quality services they demand.
In recent years, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been successfully used in terrestrial digital video broadcasting and showed it is a strong candidate for the modulation technique of future wireless systems.
This project is concerned with how well OFDM performs when transmitted over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel only. In order to investigate this, a simulation model was created and implemented using MATLAB program.
The OFDM (.bmp image) signal was transmitted over the AWGN channel for various Phase Shift Keying (PSK) technique cases and various Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values. To evaluate the performance, for each SNR level, the received image was demodulated and compared to the original image.
Patient's health monitoring / diagnosing systems have become the focus of attention of researcher... more Patient's health monitoring / diagnosing systems have become the focus of attention of researchers today. At the present time, the researchers are dealing with the E-health fields to develop and improve the healthcare systems and they work to combine the GSM and Internet technologies together.
In the presented work, the researcher designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet. Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
In the proposed system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it can monitor / diagnose unlimited patients' numbers.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnose the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone. All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site. It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program. Moreover, it performs searching process about the active nodes in network, this means that it detects any new node (new patient) and put it in service. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers, and used the LABVIEW program to display the data in its GUI windows in the computer of BS.
The system has been implemented practically at low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
Drafts by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
Patient care is behind the improvement and development of monitoring / diagnostic systems. The co... more Patient care is behind the improvement and development of monitoring / diagnostic systems. The complex hardware and software of the traditional healthcare systems leads to the difficulty to develop and deal with such systems. The using of wires for communication between base station and patients bodies in the traditional systems leads to nuisance patients in terms of restriction in the movement and these devices are not portable, so cannot monitor or diagnosis the patients in their homes and they must be in the hospital beside the devices.
In the presented work, the researchers designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and it designed to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet (see figure 1). Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG) (see figure 2). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnosis the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The data is displayed in a graphical user interfaces (GUI) that is easy to handle and can be operated on any computer or operating system, where the LABVIEW program is used to perform those tasks which has features of fast data processing and ease of interfacing with external devices (see figure 3).
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone (see figure 4). All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed by using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS by using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site (see figure 5). It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The implemented wireless sensor network (WSN) based on the ZigBee Protocol (Under IEEE 802.15.4 Standard) that is supported low power and low delay. The star topology network is selected to perform the desired real time case, where there is a direct connection (without Router) between the END-Devices nodes in the patients' lobbies and the Coordinator or Gateway in the base station.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program (see figure 6).
The system performs searching process about the active nodes in network. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers.
After the selection of materials, operation and programmed and calibrated, The system has implemented practically in low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors in this side and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
In the implemented system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it stays monitor / diagnosis for unlimited patients' numbers.
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Papers by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
paper presents a design of a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based
on E-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol. The system measures the biomedical data utilizing a
group of sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS)
and electromyography sensor (EMG). The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm)
of the patients in real time with alarm of each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in the lobbies, and it follows up the
patient's blood glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's electromyography status too. Moreover, the system stores the patient
information and his health data in order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study. In the achieved system, three
nodes are considered according to the facilities available but it stays monitor / diagnosis for an open node number. The system
is implemented practically and applied for some persons under supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results obtained
are very positive and present a great service to human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper. In future we will
present a development system which is the use of Internet and GSM for remotely following up the patient status by his
supervisor doctor.
health, I-health and GSM-health together, recently became the
focus of attention of researchers. In this research, will develop
our research that practically designed in the name of "Real
Time Portable Health Care PP, GSR, BG, EMG with Alarm
System Based on WSN" to assist in the development of the
health situation in the hospitals. The system develops by
supporting GSM and Internet together in the wireless sensor
network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol and by supporting the
printing of medical reports. Where the implemented system
measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of biomedical
sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin
response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS) and
electromyography sensor (EMG).
The System monitors the sleep position and skin conductance
(indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with
alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and
lobbies, and sends SMS alarm to doctor's phone, and it
follows-up patient's glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's
electromyography status. Moreover, it sends the glucose data
to doctor's phone and uploads it to the special web site by
using the GSM and Internet technologies. In addition, it
introduces a printed hard copy medical report. Moreover, the
system stores the patient information and his health data in
order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study.
In the achievement system, three nodes are considered
according to the facilities available but it stays monitor /
diagnosis for an open node number. The system is
implemented practically and applied for some persons under
supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results
obtained are very satisfied and present a great service to
human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper.
Thesis Chapters by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
There are different codes are used for this purpose. Here, Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence, Gold sequence and Walsh code are generated using MATLAB programming. Using Walsh code, the data is transmitted to receiver in Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh Fading channels.
In this project, transmitted data is generated randomly using MATLAB function. During transmission, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values of signal changes to calculate Bit Error Rate (BER) value to plot BER vs. SNR graph for two users in AWGN and Rayleigh Fading channels.
In recent years, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been successfully used in terrestrial digital video broadcasting and showed it is a strong candidate for the modulation technique of future wireless systems.
This project is concerned with how well OFDM performs when transmitted over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel only. In order to investigate this, a simulation model was created and implemented using MATLAB program.
The OFDM (.bmp image) signal was transmitted over the AWGN channel for various Phase Shift Keying (PSK) technique cases and various Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values. To evaluate the performance, for each SNR level, the received image was demodulated and compared to the original image.
In the presented work, the researcher designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet. Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
In the proposed system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it can monitor / diagnose unlimited patients' numbers.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnose the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone. All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site. It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program. Moreover, it performs searching process about the active nodes in network, this means that it detects any new node (new patient) and put it in service. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers, and used the LABVIEW program to display the data in its GUI windows in the computer of BS.
The system has been implemented practically at low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
Drafts by Ali Jasim Ramadhan
In the presented work, the researchers designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and it designed to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet (see figure 1). Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG) (see figure 2). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnosis the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The data is displayed in a graphical user interfaces (GUI) that is easy to handle and can be operated on any computer or operating system, where the LABVIEW program is used to perform those tasks which has features of fast data processing and ease of interfacing with external devices (see figure 3).
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone (see figure 4). All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed by using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS by using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site (see figure 5). It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The implemented wireless sensor network (WSN) based on the ZigBee Protocol (Under IEEE 802.15.4 Standard) that is supported low power and low delay. The star topology network is selected to perform the desired real time case, where there is a direct connection (without Router) between the END-Devices nodes in the patients' lobbies and the Coordinator or Gateway in the base station.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program (see figure 6).
The system performs searching process about the active nodes in network. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers.
After the selection of materials, operation and programmed and calibrated, The system has implemented practically in low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors in this side and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
In the implemented system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it stays monitor / diagnosis for unlimited patients' numbers.
paper presents a design of a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based
on E-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol. The system measures the biomedical data utilizing a
group of sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS)
and electromyography sensor (EMG). The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm)
of the patients in real time with alarm of each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in the lobbies, and it follows up the
patient's blood glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's electromyography status too. Moreover, the system stores the patient
information and his health data in order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study. In the achieved system, three
nodes are considered according to the facilities available but it stays monitor / diagnosis for an open node number. The system
is implemented practically and applied for some persons under supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results obtained
are very positive and present a great service to human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper. In future we will
present a development system which is the use of Internet and GSM for remotely following up the patient status by his
supervisor doctor.
health, I-health and GSM-health together, recently became the
focus of attention of researchers. In this research, will develop
our research that practically designed in the name of "Real
Time Portable Health Care PP, GSR, BG, EMG with Alarm
System Based on WSN" to assist in the development of the
health situation in the hospitals. The system develops by
supporting GSM and Internet together in the wireless sensor
network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol and by supporting the
printing of medical reports. Where the implemented system
measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of biomedical
sensors, which are patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin
response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS) and
electromyography sensor (EMG).
The System monitors the sleep position and skin conductance
(indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with
alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and
lobbies, and sends SMS alarm to doctor's phone, and it
follows-up patient's glucose rate and diagnosis the patient's
electromyography status. Moreover, it sends the glucose data
to doctor's phone and uploads it to the special web site by
using the GSM and Internet technologies. In addition, it
introduces a printed hard copy medical report. Moreover, the
system stores the patient information and his health data in
order to use it for any archiving process or statistical study.
In the achievement system, three nodes are considered
according to the facilities available but it stays monitor /
diagnosis for an open node number. The system is
implemented practically and applied for some persons under
supervision of the specialist physicians, and the results
obtained are very satisfied and present a great service to
human care. All obtained results are presented in this paper.
There are different codes are used for this purpose. Here, Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence, Gold sequence and Walsh code are generated using MATLAB programming. Using Walsh code, the data is transmitted to receiver in Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh Fading channels.
In this project, transmitted data is generated randomly using MATLAB function. During transmission, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values of signal changes to calculate Bit Error Rate (BER) value to plot BER vs. SNR graph for two users in AWGN and Rayleigh Fading channels.
In recent years, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been successfully used in terrestrial digital video broadcasting and showed it is a strong candidate for the modulation technique of future wireless systems.
This project is concerned with how well OFDM performs when transmitted over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel only. In order to investigate this, a simulation model was created and implemented using MATLAB program.
The OFDM (.bmp image) signal was transmitted over the AWGN channel for various Phase Shift Keying (PSK) technique cases and various Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values. To evaluate the performance, for each SNR level, the received image was demodulated and compared to the original image.
In the presented work, the researcher designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet. Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
In the proposed system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it can monitor / diagnose unlimited patients' numbers.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnose the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone. All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site. It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program. Moreover, it performs searching process about the active nodes in network, this means that it detects any new node (new patient) and put it in service. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers, and used the LABVIEW program to display the data in its GUI windows in the computer of BS.
The system has been implemented practically at low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
In the presented work, the researchers designed a portable real time wireless medical system for monitoring / diagnosing the patients' status based on E-health / GSM-health / I-health and wireless sensor network (WSN) under ZigBee protocol, and it designed to support alarming and printing of medical reports subsystems.
The presented system consists mainly of four subsystems, which are sensing & data transceiver, base station (BS), GSM and Internet (see figure 1). Where sensing & data transceiver subsystems be in the patients' lobbies and connected remotely with the base station (BS) subsystem in the wireless sensor network that collect and display the sensing data in it. Also in the designed system, the GSM and Internet technologies are inserted practically in the network.
The implemented system measures the biomedical data utilizing a group of sensors that are not available in the country's hospitals in such integrated system, which are the patient position sensor (PPS), galvanic skin response sensor (GSR), blood glucose sensor (BGS), and electromyography sensor (EMG) (see figure 2). Moreover, the system has the ability to add many other sensors.
The system monitors the sleep position and skin conductance (indicator to patient's calm) of the patients in real time with alarm for each abnormal case in the base station (BS) and in lobbies, and it also follows up the glucose rate in patient's blood and diagnosis the electromyography (muscle and nerve) status.
The data is displayed in a graphical user interfaces (GUI) that is easy to handle and can be operated on any computer or operating system, where the LABVIEW program is used to perform those tasks which has features of fast data processing and ease of interfacing with external devices (see figure 3).
The GSM subsystem (GSM-health) is used for remotely following-up the patients' status by sending SMS alarm in time for any abnormal case of the patient's sleep position and skin conductance, also it has ability to send the glucose data to doctor's phone (see figure 4). All these services are performed by using a personal phone device only without using any additional GSM modem or other apparatus, so this method reduces cost, complexity and delay time of the system that's done by interfacing the phone with the PC directly via USB port and the messages sending procedure executed by using special SMSs AT commands, so the doctors become able to communicate with BS by using SMS or voice calling to give the fast and direct necessary guidance.
The Internet subsystem (I-health) is another excellent service for the presented system, by which remotely following-up the glucose levels by uploading the glucose data to a specific web site (see figure 5). It is performed by designing a web site that is programmed using VB.NET and ASP.NET languages. Of course, user login feature is added to protect the privacy of patients and feedback comments feature between the doctors and patients to take the important guidance.
The implemented wireless sensor network (WSN) based on the ZigBee Protocol (Under IEEE 802.15.4 Standard) that is supported low power and low delay. The star topology network is selected to perform the desired real time case, where there is a direct connection (without Router) between the END-Devices nodes in the patients' lobbies and the Coordinator or Gateway in the base station.
The system has ability to introduce a printed hard copy report about the patient's electromyography status or result and blood glucose levels, by utilizing VISUAL BASIC program (see figure 6).
The system performs searching process about the active nodes in network. In addition, the system records the patient's information and stores his health data for any archiving process or statistical study.
The main hardware that is used in the implemented system includes MCUs, sensors and transceivers.
After the selection of materials, operation and programmed and calibrated, The system has implemented practically in low cost and low power, gave expected and accurate results, and presented to the specialists doctors in this side and they have expressed their conviction and effectiveness of the system in practice.
In the implemented system, three nodes (lobbies) are considered according to the facilities available, but it stays monitor / diagnosis for unlimited patients' numbers.