Papers by Abiodun Odukoya
Physical Science International Journal, Jan 10, 2015
Metal pollution in soils arising from mining activities has become a growing concern especially i... more Metal pollution in soils arising from mining activities has become a growing concern especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Illegal mining of solid minerals pervades the entire country leaving behind their deleterious effects on the environment. This research focused on the preliminary studies on the distribution characteristics of nine potentially toxic metals in soils around a mining site in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Thirteen (13) soil samples were randomly collected in and around the vicinity of the mining site and a control sample at a farther distance from the mining site. The soil samples were air dried, sieved through a 63 mm mesh sieve and 1g of each of the samples was digested using a microwave digester for two hours. The potentially toxic metal concentration was determined using an Agilent 7700s Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The concentration of the metals analysed in the samples were within the following ranges; As (0.20 to 83.49 mg/kg), Cd (0.03 to 0.39mg/kg), Cr (0.65 to 38.16 mg/kg), Cu (3.11 to 11.46 mg/kg), Fe (2.46 to 137.63 mg/kg), Mn (45.88 to 557.20 mg/kg), Ni (0.30 to 10.84 mg/kg), Pb (2.83 to 20.28 mg/kg) and Zn (5.68 to 24.16 mg/kg). Concentrations of As and Cd were above the permissible levels in the environment. The calculated pollution index (Pi) values for As (location 2) and Cd (location 5) under the study exceeded 1 confirming that the soils are highly polluted particularly with As and Cd. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should not grow agricultural foods such as edible vegetables, rice and potato in these soils unless the soils have been treated and remediated. In addition, mining activities had impacted negatively on the surrounding environment and the results of this analysis suggests that the metal concentrations of the sites resulted from mining activities are expected to be higher in the nearest future due to bioaccumulation and as such, the activities should be regulated and arrested.
Journal of Applied Geochemistry, 2016
To investigate heavy metal accumulation in soils and evaluate potential health risk through maize... more To investigate heavy metal accumulation in soils and evaluate potential health risk through maize consumption, a total of 196 soils and 55 maize samples were collected from Yushu, China, one of the most important maize production bases. The mean contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb were 0.119±0.08, 56.51±9.10, 19.21±3.42, 70.58±14.57, and 34.42±7.85 mg kg 1 for soils and were 0.014±0.02, 0.68±0.24, 1.33±0.47, 17.15±3.02 and 0.02±0.01 mg kg 1 for maize grains, respectively. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb in all soil and maize samples did not exceed safety thresholds, but the percentages of Cd content above guideline values of
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017, 2017
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
The concentration of arsenic in agricultural soils has become a global challenge. Arsenic sources... more The concentration of arsenic in agricultural soils has become a global challenge. Arsenic sources in soils can be both anthropogenic and natural. Certain fertilizers can introduce arsenic into the agricultural soil. For this study, soil samples from a commercial farm in southwest Nigeria were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). This study indicates that arsenic concentration in the farm land is fairly normal, with some portion of the farm having higher concentration than the WHO recommended standard limits in agricultural soils. Thus, there is need for immediate intervention to reduce the arsenic concentration in the farm site as arsenic is toxic to both human and crops alike. Measures to reduce arsenic in agricultural soils have been highlighted.
Ife Journal of Science, 2016
This paper assessed metal contamination associated with industrial activities around Agbara Indus... more This paper assessed metal contamination associated with industrial activities around Agbara Industrial Estate, Southwest, Nigeria. Thirty soil samples collected within the estate were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry ICP-AES. The results showed that the concentrations of Mo, Ag, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Cr, Tl, Se, Hg and Cd were higher than their background values as contained in Average Crustal Values (ACV). An evaluation of the contamination factor showed that soil samples had suffered low to moderate contamination with respect to Cu, Mn, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cr and Bi, low to considerable contamination with respect to Pb, and Th and low to very high contamination with respect to Zn, Sc, Se and Sb. The degree of contamination ranged from 2.18 to 234.28 which indicated low to high degree of contamination. The toxic elements posed between low to high risks on the environment based on the potential ecological Risk Index (RI). The soil samples...
Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into f... more Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers originally caused by groundwater extraction near the coast, has long been recognised as a major concern around the world. In this study, we employed geophysical and geochemical techniques to map and provide evidences that the coastal aquifers in the study area have been intruded by saltwater from the adjacent Lagos lagoon. The resistivity data were acquired with an electrode spacing (a) that vary between 1.6 to 8 m, and expansion factor n of 30. The depth inverted models obtained from inversion of the fifteen resistivity data obtained in the area revealed significant impact of the lagoon water on the aquifers indicated as low resistivity usually below 7 Ωm. A combination of four different electrode arrays – Schlumberger, Wenner, Dipole-dipole and pole–dipole, with at least three deployed at each site ( except for three traverses – traverses 13, 14 and 15), yield better...
Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into f... more Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers originally caused by groundwater extraction near the coast, has long been recognised as a major concern around the world. In this study, we employed geophysical and geochemical techniques to map and provide evidences that the coastal aquifers in the study area have been intruded by saltwater from the adjacent Lagos lagoon. The resistivity data were acquired with an electrode spacing (a) that vary between 1.6 to 8 m, and expansion factor n of 30. The depth inverted models obtained from inversion of the fifteen resistivity data obtained in the area revealed significant impact of the lagoon water on the aquifers indicated as low resistivity usually below 7 Ωm. A combination of four different electrode arrays – Schlumberger, Wenner, Dipole-dipole and pole–dipole, with at least three deployed at each site ( except for three traverses – traverses 13, 14 and 15), yield better...
Journal of environmental treatment techniques, Dec 26, 2020
This study characterized and assessed the geostatistical variations of some essential macronutrie... more This study characterized and assessed the geostatistical variations of some essential macronutrients (Ca, P, Fe, Na, K, Al, Mg and Ti) for further environmental monitoring, planning and remediation using geochemical analysis in two commercial farms. Twenty soil samples were collected at the depth of 50 cm to 70 cm below the subsurface from the study areas that is, Landmark university farm representing the northcentral and Covenant university farm representing southwest Nigeria, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry (ICPMS) was used to analyze the samples at the Acme laboratory, Canada. The statistical results indicate that the following pair of elements {Ca-Mg, P-Mg, Fe-P, Fe-Al, Ca-K, Mg-K, and Na-K} are significantly positively correlated at 0.05 significance in the areas. The mean and median test revealed that iron (Fe) and titanium (Ti) content are the same in both study areas. The findings among others imply that deficient essential nutrients can be applied as chemical fertilizers to farmland and thereby enhancing sustainable agricultural production.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2021
The occurrence of mercury (Hg) in the environment globally has been linked largely to its use for... more The occurrence of mercury (Hg) in the environment globally has been linked largely to its use for gold processing. In this research, ore samples, agricultural soil and mine wastes were taken within the vicinity of an artisanal gold mine and processing sites in Niger state, a north-central part of Nigeria to determine Hg contamination in the environment and estimate the potential hazard to health. The values of Hg measured in ore, agricultural soil and mine wastes ranged between 0.03 and 5.9, 0.002 and 5.57 and 0.19 and 20.99 mg/kg, respectively, with the majority of samples observed above the crustal average values of 0.003 mg/kg. All of the samples were 100 times greater than the USEPA residential soil screening level of 0.0023 mg/kg, but were lower than comparable mine sites within the same region. Contamination indices were used to demonstrate the potential exposure to Hg contamination in the study area which ranged from a medium to high level of contamination. Average daily dose and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated for adults and children in the study area and decreased in the following order: ADDvapour > ADDingestion > ADDdermal > ADDinhalation. The non-carcinogenic health risk index (HI) of Hg calculated for children and adults in the study area was children: 7.42, 2.19, 1.49 and adults: 4.45, 1.26, 1.19, for mine wastes, agricultural soil and ore, respectively. All of these values were higher than a considered safe level (= 1) and therefore showed that Hg posed a serious non-carcinogenic HI for both adults and children exposed to the soil in the study area. The bioaccessible fraction as a measure of ingestion for Hg was generally < 13% across all sample matrices, suggesting a low bioaccessibility. An HQ incorporating bioaccessible data (BHQ) ranged between 0.000005 and 4.06 with a mean value of 0.62. Values for the BHQ were still > 1, threshold limit in some samples and showed that Hg could present a risk to health via ingestion, although further research is required to assess dermal and inhalation bioaccessibility to assess fully the risk to residents. However, the values were lower than the non-carcinogenic health risk index, which is assumed to be overestimated.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2021
The occurrence of mercury (Hg) in the environment globally has been linked largely to its use for... more The occurrence of mercury (Hg) in the environment globally has been linked largely to its use for gold processing. In this research, ore samples, agricultural soil and mine wastes were taken within the vicinity of an artisanal gold mine and processing sites in Niger state, a north-central part of Nigeria to determine Hg contamination in the environment and estimate the potential hazard to health. The values of Hg measured in ore, agricultural soil and mine wastes ranged between 0.03 and 5.9, 0.002 and 5.57 and 0.19 and 20.99 mg/kg, respectively, with the majority of samples observed above the crustal average values of 0.003 mg/kg. All of the samples were 100 times greater than the USEPA residential soil screening level of 0.0023 mg/kg, but were lower than comparable mine sites within the same region. Contamination indices were used to demonstrate the potential exposure to Hg contamination in the study area which ranged from a medium to high level of contamination. Average daily dose and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated for adults and children in the study area and decreased in the following order: ADDvapour > ADDingestion > ADDdermal > ADDinhalation. The non-carcinogenic health risk index (HI) of Hg calculated for children and adults in the study area was children: 7.42, 2.19, 1.49 and adults: 4.45, 1.26, 1.19, for mine wastes, agricultural soil and ore, respectively. All of these values were higher than a considered safe level (= 1) and therefore showed that Hg posed a serious non-carcinogenic HI for both adults and children exposed to the soil in the study area. The bioaccessible fraction as a measure of ingestion for Hg was generally < 13% across all sample matrices, suggesting a low bioaccessibility. An HQ incorporating bioaccessible data (BHQ) ranged between 0.000005 and 4.06 with a mean value of 0.62. Values for the BHQ were still > 1, threshold limit in some samples and showed that Hg could present a risk to health via ingestion, although further research is required to assess dermal and inhalation bioaccessibility to assess fully the risk to residents. However, the values were lower than the non-carcinogenic health risk index, which is assumed to be overestimated.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Soil salinity impedes agricultural production, threatens global food security and agricultural pr... more Soil salinity impedes agricultural production, threatens global food security and agricultural profits. Soil salinity is a global issue and the accurate assessment of salt affected areas can assist in combating global climate change, effectively manage and utilize limited land and water resources. Landsat series of the multispectral remote sensing provides the potential for frequent surveys for soil salinization at various scales and resolutions. For this research, twenty tiles of Landsat 8 imagery between 2018 and 2019 were used to generate the soil salinity index map for the study area. The result revealed the salinity index status for all the areas investigated. Reclamation of salt affected land and management practices to curb soil salinity is highly recommended.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Soil salinity impedes agricultural production, threatens global food security and agricultural pr... more Soil salinity impedes agricultural production, threatens global food security and agricultural profits. Soil salinity is a global issue and the accurate assessment of salt affected areas can assist in combating global climate change, effectively manage and utilize limited land and water resources. Landsat series of the multispectral remote sensing provides the potential for frequent surveys for soil salinization at various scales and resolutions. For this research, twenty tiles of Landsat 8 imagery between 2018 and 2019 were used to generate the soil salinity index map for the study area. The result revealed the salinity index status for all the areas investigated. Reclamation of salt affected land and management practices to curb soil salinity is highly recommended.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021
The Spatial and temporal variability of soil properties (fluid composition, structure and water c... more The Spatial and temporal variability of soil properties (fluid composition, structure and water content) and hydrogeological properties employed for sustainable precision agriculture can be obtained from geoelectrical resistivity methods. For sustainable precision agricultural practices, site-specific information is paramount, especially at the planting season. An integrated one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity surveys have been adopted to characterize the subsoil parameters and delineate the aquifer unit of large farm area, especially in precision agricultural practices. Also, contamination assessment reveals the soil quality status of farmlands. This study aims to determine the site-specific soil parameters of a commercial farm in Omu-Aran, Northcentral, Nigeria. The subsoil features from the geoelectrical resistivity surveys indicate 3 to 4 distinctive lithology to a depth of 43.4 m into the subsurface of the farm. The ID (Vertical Electrical Sounding) and 2D resistivity inversion models results have revealed the heterogeneity nature of the topsoil also known as the stone zone comprising of reworked clayey soil and sandy gravelly soil, the weathered/saprolite zone (gravelly sandy/ sandy soil), the fractured basement and the fresh basement rock. Contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI) and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) were used to assess the contamination index on the farmland. Toxic elements such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc have low to moderate contamination in the farm. The depth of investigation (≤ 3m) covers the upper root zone of significant crops grown in the area. The findings can assess soil contamination, delineate basement features, subsoil variability, soil profiling, and determine the subsoil hydrological properties.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2018
Three years after the oil spillage and pipeline explosion that claimed about 100 human lives at I... more Three years after the oil spillage and pipeline explosion that claimed about 100 human lives at Ijegun Community of Lagos-Nigeria, a combination of carefully designed 2D Electrical Resistivity Profilling and Vertical Electrical Sounding methods was deployed to map and characterise the subsurface around the contaminated site. Data acquired were processed, forward modelled and tomographically inverted to obtain the multi-dimensional resistivity distribution of subsurface. The results of the study revealed high resistivity structures that indocate the presence of contaminant (oil plumes) of different sizes and shapes around the oil leakage site. These high resistivity structures are absent in the tomograms and resistivity-depth slices computed for Iyana-a linear settlement not affected by oil spillage. The five geo-electric layers and the resistivities delineated in the area are the top soil layer, 220-670 Ωm; clayey sand layer, 300-1072 Ωm; top sand layer, 120-328 Ωm; mudstone/shale layer, 25-116 Ωm and the bottom sand layer, 15-69 Ωm. The base of the first four geo-electric layers corresponds to 3.9, 8.4, 27.2 and 34.6 m respectively. The two groundwater aquifers delineated correspond to the third and fifth geo-electric layers. The top aquifer has been infiltrated by oil plumes. The depth penetrated by the oil plume decreases from 32 m to about 24 m across the survey profiles from the two ends. It was concluded that the contaminant plumes from the oil spillage are yet to be completely degraded as at the time of the study. It is recommended that the contaminated site be remediated to remove or reduce the contaminant oil in the subsurface.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2016
Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Saudi Society for G... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Saudi Society for Geosciences. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".
SpringerPlus, 2013
Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into f... more Saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer, a phenomenon brought by the flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers originally caused by groundwater extraction near the coast, has long been recognised as a major concern around the world. In this study, we employed geophysical and geochemical techniques to map and provide evidences that the coastal aquifers in the study area have been intruded by saltwater from the adjacent Lagos lagoon. The resistivity data were acquired with an electrode spacing (a) that vary between 1.6 to 8 m, and expansion factor n of 30. The depth inverted models obtained from inversion of the fifteen resistivity data obtained in the area revealed significant impact of the lagoon water on the aquifers indicated as low resistivity usually below 7 Ωm. A combination of four different electrode arrays - Schlumberger, Wenner, Dipole-dipole and pole-dipole, with at least three deployed at each site ( except for three traverses - traverses 13, 14 and 15), yield better...
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Papers by Abiodun Odukoya