The Social Entrepreneurship is science that combines some knowledge like Culture, Geography, Busi... more The Social Entrepreneurship is science that combines some knowledge like Culture, Geography, Business, Psychology, Anthropology, Engineering, Agroculture, and so on. Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that bridges between theory and its application in society. The main goal of this program does improve the welfare of village community life, including overcoming the problem of poverty that often occurred in the village. This paper describes the experience of running and explains to concept of social entrepreneurship programme in Malaysia conducted by the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) and cooperation with St. Gallen University and Institute Technology Bandung. The first SE programme, this programme was followed by 18 international participants from Switzerland, Singapore, Brunei, Thailand, Vietnam, and 49 UMK students. The program had been implemented in seven districts of Tumpat as: Village Tujuh (product: free range Chicken), Village Tujuh Masjid (product: cattle and goat), Village Belukar Neting (product: noni Juice), Village Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Village Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and Batek), Village Sungai Tapang (product: Mushroom), and Village Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies). There are seven projects and after the program starts, conducted follow-up to ensure the success of a business plan that has been made. From seven programmes, four programmes was failure, two programmes were stable, and one programme was being successful. The second SE programme was followed by 17 UMK students, and it was run in Village Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Village Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and keropok), Village Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies), and Village Getting (product: traditional cookies). From 5 projects, it was just 3 projects still run until the end of programme. There is difference procedure between SE I and SE II UMK. The differences include the use of expert in SE II. The program follow up for SE II UMK will soon be implemented to ensure poverty eradication program in the village Sri Tujuh to give significant impact to community there.
The term Entrepreneurship is still new to most Malaysian in the eighties and nineties, let alone ... more The term Entrepreneurship is still new to most Malaysian in the eighties and nineties, let alone the term Social Enterprise. The term social enterprise is always interchangeably confused with the term volunteerism, social work, welfare and entrepreneurship. All these terms have it's own meaning and definitions. As nomenclature to the term, it literally infers that two areas of expertise, namely social and entrepreneurship are combined to form social enterprise. In Malaysia, the term is widely used recently to explain the effort of some government agencies and non-governmental organisations in changing the economical status of the poor community. Many poor communities are subject to these social enterprise projects such technical skill training and micro financing scheme in assisting them to get out of the poverty bracket. Universities in Malaysia have also embarked on bridging the universities with the poor community such as carrying out community based poverty alleviation programmes. Universities Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) is no exception to these kinds of programmes.Through its strategic thrust, UMK has launched many programmes such as Social Enterprise for Economic Development (SEED), Regional Network in Poverty Eradication as well as actively involved in the Agropolitan Project of the East Coast Economic Region (ECER). This paper will highlight various debates on the definitions of Social Enterprise, current social enterprise like projects by goverment and non government agencies in Malaysia and the involvement of UMK in this area
The title of the show “ The Last Makyong” as quoted in the News Straits Time when Khatijah Awang ... more The title of the show “ The Last Makyong” as quoted in the News Straits Time when Khatijah Awang performed it in Singapore in 1994 has almost came to a reality. Almost everyone now in Malaysia does not fully understand what is Makyong, let alone the younger generations from its birth place, Kelantan. Makyong used to be one of the reigning classical performing arts in Kelantan in the 50‟s, 60‟s and 70‟s. This art genre had become the talks of the town in those years. However, in the 80‟s, 90‟s and 21st century, it has faced a tremendous declined in its popularity, which is close to dying off. However, to some arts activists who are cunning and entreprising, nothing can ever stop them from surviving. To them, come what may, nothing is impossible and nothing is left to die off because every day is a challenge for them to commercialize a product that they have owned for centuries.
Pivoted by the themes of multicultural teamwork and social entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise fo... more Pivoted by the themes of multicultural teamwork and social entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise for Economic Development (SEED) is a community-based, intercultural leadership and enterprise development program which exposes students from different universities in Europe and Asia to the unique contexts of villages where the poor community resides. This program is co-organized by University of Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) and Asia Research Centre (ARC) of University of St. Gallen (HSG), with the support from ASEAN Learning Network. Based on selfless and socioeconomic orientations, this program leverages on the entrepreneurial principles and knowledge of students to design and suggest feasible business development plans or action plans which aim to transform the lives of poor villagers. UMK launched its inaugural SEED program in 2010. Sri Tujuh, Tumpat, one of the provinces identified as having limited social and economic development, was selected to be the village site for SEED-UMK. Village...
In South-east Asia, the involvement of the third gender in promoting tourism is remarkably promin... more In South-east Asia, the involvement of the third gender in promoting tourism is remarkably prominent. Many transvestites are involved in cultural performances or paper dolls shows. The Moulin rouge girl sort of shows received overwhelming response from holiday goers. Many transvestites especially in Thailand and the Philippines opted to work as performers as their living professions let alone those who have traveled the world performing as impersonators and make-up artists. This group of people has tremendously contributed to the Tourism industry yet they are a laughing stock to the society. Their important role to tourism industry in some countries are denied and seen as a nuisance to the society. This paper will look at the contribution of the third gender people in the tourism industry especially in the South-east Asia. Discussions on types of performances offered to tourists are highlighted in this paper.
International Journal of Creative Future and Heritage (TENIAT), 2013
Tulisan ini mengupas usaha Khatijah Awang dalam mengurus sebuah perniagaan seni yang bercirikan k... more Tulisan ini mengupas usaha Khatijah Awang dalam mengurus sebuah perniagaan seni yang bercirikan kekeluargaan dalam menjadikan kelangsungan hidup Mak Yong. Beliau yang sering dipanggil Mak Jah, terkenal di Malaysia sebagai primadona Mak Yong. Namun tidak ramai yang mengetahui tentang bakat beliau dalam pengurusan seni persembahan. Mengambil peranan sebagai penggiat dan usahawan seni, Mak Jah telah bertungkus lumus menjalankan perniagaan seni persembahan warisan keluarganya secara komersial. Kebolehan mengurus beliau terbukti dengan perolehan pelbagai penaja bagi persembahan Mak Yong dalam tahun 1990-an. Walaupun memegang pelbagai tanggungjawab samada sebagai, ibu, anak, isteri dan juga primadona Mak Yong, kebolehan beliau untuk menggabungkan semua ahli keluarga untuk membuat persembahan yang komersial terbukti berjaya. Dari sekecil-kecil persembahan tarian bagi makan malam sehinggalah kepada persembahan diraja, Mak Jah telah berjaya mengasah bakat anak-anaknya dalam perniagaan seni. ...
In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While de... more In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While debate continues about advantages and disadvantages of mandating community service in universities, the practice of compelling adolescents to participate in community service is increasingly common. This study explores the civic behaviours, opinions, knowledge and dispositions of undergraduate students through their participation in a community-based intercultural leadership program in Vietnam. In this program, students from six different countries were made to visit poor village entrepreneurs and offer their assistance in business improvement. Preliminary findings suggest that students who are competent for civic action, justice oriented, personally responsible and have high civic accountability, enjoy the service learning experience in the village. Students who rate the community service program as meaningful, exciting and educational are more compelled to participate voluntarily in the coming year. The goal of this research is to affirm a set of civic measures that are appropriate for use with youth participants in community service so as to promote civic education and inculcate civic engagement as lifelong practice.
A FOREWORD This book is addressed to a professional audience of practitioners and researchers who... more A FOREWORD This book is addressed to a professional audience of practitioners and researchers who are concerned about the serious and multiple disadvantages of the poorest families in our society. Social workers, educators, and medical personnelas well as investigators in the social and behavioral scienceswill find information and ideas useful to them in their work as they seek to understand and serve the parents and children of poverty. Foe the first time, research-based knowledge of the childrearing and family life patterns more characteristic of the very poor has been brought together by Dr. Catherine Chilman and related to research-based knowledge of child-rearing patterns that contribute to positive outcomes in mental health, educational achievement, socially acceptable behavior, and family stability. Reflecting the concern of the Welfare Administration for practical and continuous interaction between research and program activities, this publication presents various action suggestions derived from the research summation and analysis. A final chapter is devoted to the identification of some major research issues for the future, both basic and applied. A number of leaders in the social welfare field as well as staff members of the Division of Research have made important contributions to this publication. Special acknowledgment is made of the extensive assistance given by Elizabeth Herzog of the Children's Bureau of the
Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that integrates theory with its application in society.... more Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that integrates theory with its application in society. In practice, the SE program aims to teach about the culture of a society in a country. It also gives an understanding to participants about the business carried out by the community. Besides that, the program also allows participants to explore new business opportunities or improve existing business by creating business network between them, both at national and international levels. As mentioned earlier, the SE program essentially is a program that aims to realize the knowledge and theory (“from sky”) into real life (“to earth”). This is not something which is easy to implement. There are various challenges and obstacles in this field. This paper describes the experience gained from social entrepreneurship program in Malaysia which was conducted by Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK). This program is called Social Entrepreneurship of Economy Development (SEED). This program is a voluntary programme which supports the fifth thrust of UMK’s Strategic area, and Kelantan is a land that has a unique culture and way of life in comparison to other regions in Malaysia. The uniqueness of this program is it differs from similar programs held in other countries such as Indonesia and Vietnam. In this course, students will be given the chance to apply what they have learned in their respective courses into the real world. SEED had been implemented in seven villages in the district of Tumpat. These villages are Tujuh (product: free range Chicken), Tujuh Masjid (product: cattle and goat), Belukar Neting (product: noni Juice), Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and Batek), Sungai Tapang (product: Mushroom), and Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies). In this programme, 18 international participants from Switzerland, Singapore, Brunei, Thailand, Vietnam, and 49 UMK students had diligently taken part in developing the business plan for various projects. There were seven projects altogether and after the program started, follow-up supervision was conducted to determine the level of development of the business plan drawn up during the SE program. From the seven programmes, four programmes failed, two programmes were stable, and one programme was successful. Through this paper, we would like to share experiences on social entrepreneurship in Malaysia, especially in Kelantan. There have been many challenges faced by this program. Some of these challenges are the absence of follow-up activities for the program, the difficulty in upholding students' motivation, students' lack of knowledge and skills, minimum involvement of experts in this program, cultural differences between participants, villagers’ motivation, and problems with the program facilitators.
Malay and Islamic religion has exist long ago in the Malaysian soil, bringing about the Malay Isl... more Malay and Islamic religion has exist long ago in the Malaysian soil, bringing about the Malay Islamic arts and culture. The Malay Islamic Arts and Culture has been the epitome of a Malays in Malaysia. Recently, the wave of globalization has transformed some Malay Islamic Arts and Culture to be less significance in the daily life of a Malay Moslem. The role of Malay Islamic Arts and culture is slowly becoming alien to the heart of Malay Moslems. Many factors has contributed to the phenomenon of less popularity in the Malay Islamic Arts and Culture. The Malays themselves have succumbed to many western influences brought by the introduction of technologies and education. Adopting and practicing modern living with many constraints such as time, monetary and space has led many Malay Moslem to slowly forget their precious gem-The Malay Islamic Arts and Culture. This paper highlights the variety of Malay Islamic arts and culture practice as rituals by Malays in Malaysia. It will also discussed the factors contributing to the dying of these arts and culture as well as recommending some suggestions in curbing the ever disturbing scenarios of Malay Islamic Arts and Culture.
The third gender as labeled by Discovery Channel ( 2003) has been a common scene in Asian countri... more The third gender as labeled by Discovery Channel ( 2003) has been a common scene in Asian countries from as far as India to our own country Malaysia. The Malaysian National stream newspaper Berita Harian ( 2011) mentioned that there is a growing phenomenon of the Third Gender or transvestites ( In Malay language it is refered to as “makyah”) and gays in recent years in Malaysia. Another report refers them to as a woman trapped in man’s body. The disturbing scene of the Third Gender has been haunting many public universities in Malaysia. In the early nineties, a study has been conducted by some universities in Malaysia pertaining to the growth of the transgender population in public universities. The report had alerted many parties especially the administrators of the University’s student affairs office in Malaysia, hence allowing them to be more aware of the growing needs to cater to this special group of student’s population. It was true when universities started organizing seminars and courses on how to tackle transvestite and gay students in university campus such as having separate hostel rooms for them to stay. On the other hands, the third gender has proven themselves to be very intelligent in academic performance as well as having high soft skills quality that has allow them to penetrate the barrier of university’s student intake. Many of them have proven to be successful graduates by becoming Fashion Designers, Interior Decorators and Journalists, let alone Managers. However, many are inclined to be in the limelight of the creative industry. Despite their popularity, their backgrounds are discreet and unknown to the masses. Many questions linger in the mind of their peers and people living with them as to their profiles and the factors that had contributed toward their special, yet peculiar behavior. This paper addresses the profiles of the third gender in the public universities especially the transvestites. It also attempts to describe the contributing factors towards becoming a transvestites and the measures taken by universities in Malaysia in handling this marginalized queer community in campus
The third gender is well known for their verbal and non verbal expression. Words used by the thir... more The third gender is well known for their verbal and non verbal expression. Words used by the third gender have proven to be well received by the massess when adopted by artists in television dramas and entertainments. Non verbal exspression is of no less important. It has been widely imitated and applied by artist and entertainers worlwide. Body language and facial mimics are some of the widely used non verbal expression by the third gender.This paper ventures into the types of non verbal communication exhibited by the third gender through observation and self involvement with this group of people.This paper also highlights the details of the third gender non verbal communication that can be identified as special to his group of people which has been commercialized by some artists to become a common command in the society
Heritage has been seen as a very important element in the development of a nation. Heritage on th... more Heritage has been seen as a very important element in the development of a nation. Heritage on the other hand is dying and needs to be revived. There is a push to educate younger generation on the issue of dying heritage by creating awareness and appreciation towards heritage through education. All across the globe, there is a growing concern for the need to restore heritage into our education systems simply because heritage depicts one's identity of race and culture. In light of the above dilemma, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) views heritage as an opportunity that needs to be grabbed and properly utilized. Heritage to UMK is like a precious gem that needs to be given a new touch. Since UMK is an "Entrepreneurial University" that embrace Entrepreneurship as its thrusts, heritage is no exception to the feild of entreprenurship. History has proven that manufacturing of heritage artifacts as replicas were nothing strange to arts entrepreneurs. Traditional performing arts were innovated and given a face lift in making it more commercialised and marketable, craving the so called world class quality. Hence in July 2007, UMK introduced a unique academic programme named Bachelor of Heritage Studies with Honours to the Malaysian high school leavers incorporating entrepreneruship in its curriculum. This paper will introduce the programme and its academic components, discuss problems related to the running of an academic heritage programme that merge entrepreneurship elements at tertiary levels and forecast the future of this programme.
... The organization of the association is headed by the Chairman, a teacher by profession, Cikgu... more ... The organization of the association is headed by the Chairman, a teacher by profession, Cikgu Wan Azmi Mohd Nor, Deputy Chairman, Assistant Chairman ... I want to see traditional healing excel in its own way so that we can still be called the Kelantanese Malay that is rich with ...
In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While de... more In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While debate continues about advantages and disadvantages of mandating community service in universities, the practice of compelling adolescents to participate in community service is increasingly common. This study explores the civic behaviours, opinions, knowledge and dispositions of undergraduate students through their participation in a communitybased intercultural leadership program in Vietnam. In this program, students from six different countries were made to visit poor village entrepreneurs and offer their assistance in business improvement. Preliminary findings suggest that students who are competent for civic action, justice oriented, personally responsible and have high civic accountability, enjoy the service learning experience in the village. Students who rate the community service program as meaningful, exciting and educational are more compelled to participate voluntarily in the coming year. The goal of this research is to affirm a set of civic measures that are appropriate for use with youth participants in community service so as to promote civic education and inculcate civic engagement as lifelong practice.
The Social Entrepreneurship is science that combines some knowledge like Culture, Geography, Busi... more The Social Entrepreneurship is science that combines some knowledge like Culture, Geography, Business, Psychology, Anthropology, Engineering, Agroculture, and so on. Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that bridges between theory and its application in society. The main goal of this program does improve the welfare of village community life, including overcoming the problem of poverty that often occurred in the village. This paper describes the experience of running and explains to concept of social entrepreneurship programme in Malaysia conducted by the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) and cooperation with St. Gallen University and Institute Technology Bandung. The first SE programme, this programme was followed by 18 international participants from Switzerland, Singapore, Brunei, Thailand, Vietnam, and 49 UMK students. The program had been implemented in seven districts of Tumpat as: Village Tujuh (product: free range Chicken), Village Tujuh Masjid (product: cattle and goat), Village Belukar Neting (product: noni Juice), Village Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Village Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and Batek), Village Sungai Tapang (product: Mushroom), and Village Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies). There are seven projects and after the program starts, conducted follow-up to ensure the success of a business plan that has been made. From seven programmes, four programmes was failure, two programmes were stable, and one programme was being successful. The second SE programme was followed by 17 UMK students, and it was run in Village Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Village Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and keropok), Village Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies), and Village Getting (product: traditional cookies). From 5 projects, it was just 3 projects still run until the end of programme. There is difference procedure between SE I and SE II UMK. The differences include the use of expert in SE II. The program follow up for SE II UMK will soon be implemented to ensure poverty eradication program in the village Sri Tujuh to give significant impact to community there.
The term Entrepreneurship is still new to most Malaysian in the eighties and nineties, let alone ... more The term Entrepreneurship is still new to most Malaysian in the eighties and nineties, let alone the term Social Enterprise. The term social enterprise is always interchangeably confused with the term volunteerism, social work, welfare and entrepreneurship. All these terms have it's own meaning and definitions. As nomenclature to the term, it literally infers that two areas of expertise, namely social and entrepreneurship are combined to form social enterprise. In Malaysia, the term is widely used recently to explain the effort of some government agencies and non-governmental organisations in changing the economical status of the poor community. Many poor communities are subject to these social enterprise projects such technical skill training and micro financing scheme in assisting them to get out of the poverty bracket. Universities in Malaysia have also embarked on bridging the universities with the poor community such as carrying out community based poverty alleviation programmes. Universities Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) is no exception to these kinds of programmes.Through its strategic thrust, UMK has launched many programmes such as Social Enterprise for Economic Development (SEED), Regional Network in Poverty Eradication as well as actively involved in the Agropolitan Project of the East Coast Economic Region (ECER). This paper will highlight various debates on the definitions of Social Enterprise, current social enterprise like projects by goverment and non government agencies in Malaysia and the involvement of UMK in this area
The title of the show “ The Last Makyong” as quoted in the News Straits Time when Khatijah Awang ... more The title of the show “ The Last Makyong” as quoted in the News Straits Time when Khatijah Awang performed it in Singapore in 1994 has almost came to a reality. Almost everyone now in Malaysia does not fully understand what is Makyong, let alone the younger generations from its birth place, Kelantan. Makyong used to be one of the reigning classical performing arts in Kelantan in the 50‟s, 60‟s and 70‟s. This art genre had become the talks of the town in those years. However, in the 80‟s, 90‟s and 21st century, it has faced a tremendous declined in its popularity, which is close to dying off. However, to some arts activists who are cunning and entreprising, nothing can ever stop them from surviving. To them, come what may, nothing is impossible and nothing is left to die off because every day is a challenge for them to commercialize a product that they have owned for centuries.
Pivoted by the themes of multicultural teamwork and social entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise fo... more Pivoted by the themes of multicultural teamwork and social entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise for Economic Development (SEED) is a community-based, intercultural leadership and enterprise development program which exposes students from different universities in Europe and Asia to the unique contexts of villages where the poor community resides. This program is co-organized by University of Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) and Asia Research Centre (ARC) of University of St. Gallen (HSG), with the support from ASEAN Learning Network. Based on selfless and socioeconomic orientations, this program leverages on the entrepreneurial principles and knowledge of students to design and suggest feasible business development plans or action plans which aim to transform the lives of poor villagers. UMK launched its inaugural SEED program in 2010. Sri Tujuh, Tumpat, one of the provinces identified as having limited social and economic development, was selected to be the village site for SEED-UMK. Village...
In South-east Asia, the involvement of the third gender in promoting tourism is remarkably promin... more In South-east Asia, the involvement of the third gender in promoting tourism is remarkably prominent. Many transvestites are involved in cultural performances or paper dolls shows. The Moulin rouge girl sort of shows received overwhelming response from holiday goers. Many transvestites especially in Thailand and the Philippines opted to work as performers as their living professions let alone those who have traveled the world performing as impersonators and make-up artists. This group of people has tremendously contributed to the Tourism industry yet they are a laughing stock to the society. Their important role to tourism industry in some countries are denied and seen as a nuisance to the society. This paper will look at the contribution of the third gender people in the tourism industry especially in the South-east Asia. Discussions on types of performances offered to tourists are highlighted in this paper.
International Journal of Creative Future and Heritage (TENIAT), 2013
Tulisan ini mengupas usaha Khatijah Awang dalam mengurus sebuah perniagaan seni yang bercirikan k... more Tulisan ini mengupas usaha Khatijah Awang dalam mengurus sebuah perniagaan seni yang bercirikan kekeluargaan dalam menjadikan kelangsungan hidup Mak Yong. Beliau yang sering dipanggil Mak Jah, terkenal di Malaysia sebagai primadona Mak Yong. Namun tidak ramai yang mengetahui tentang bakat beliau dalam pengurusan seni persembahan. Mengambil peranan sebagai penggiat dan usahawan seni, Mak Jah telah bertungkus lumus menjalankan perniagaan seni persembahan warisan keluarganya secara komersial. Kebolehan mengurus beliau terbukti dengan perolehan pelbagai penaja bagi persembahan Mak Yong dalam tahun 1990-an. Walaupun memegang pelbagai tanggungjawab samada sebagai, ibu, anak, isteri dan juga primadona Mak Yong, kebolehan beliau untuk menggabungkan semua ahli keluarga untuk membuat persembahan yang komersial terbukti berjaya. Dari sekecil-kecil persembahan tarian bagi makan malam sehinggalah kepada persembahan diraja, Mak Jah telah berjaya mengasah bakat anak-anaknya dalam perniagaan seni. ...
In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While de... more In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While debate continues about advantages and disadvantages of mandating community service in universities, the practice of compelling adolescents to participate in community service is increasingly common. This study explores the civic behaviours, opinions, knowledge and dispositions of undergraduate students through their participation in a community-based intercultural leadership program in Vietnam. In this program, students from six different countries were made to visit poor village entrepreneurs and offer their assistance in business improvement. Preliminary findings suggest that students who are competent for civic action, justice oriented, personally responsible and have high civic accountability, enjoy the service learning experience in the village. Students who rate the community service program as meaningful, exciting and educational are more compelled to participate voluntarily in the coming year. The goal of this research is to affirm a set of civic measures that are appropriate for use with youth participants in community service so as to promote civic education and inculcate civic engagement as lifelong practice.
A FOREWORD This book is addressed to a professional audience of practitioners and researchers who... more A FOREWORD This book is addressed to a professional audience of practitioners and researchers who are concerned about the serious and multiple disadvantages of the poorest families in our society. Social workers, educators, and medical personnelas well as investigators in the social and behavioral scienceswill find information and ideas useful to them in their work as they seek to understand and serve the parents and children of poverty. Foe the first time, research-based knowledge of the childrearing and family life patterns more characteristic of the very poor has been brought together by Dr. Catherine Chilman and related to research-based knowledge of child-rearing patterns that contribute to positive outcomes in mental health, educational achievement, socially acceptable behavior, and family stability. Reflecting the concern of the Welfare Administration for practical and continuous interaction between research and program activities, this publication presents various action suggestions derived from the research summation and analysis. A final chapter is devoted to the identification of some major research issues for the future, both basic and applied. A number of leaders in the social welfare field as well as staff members of the Division of Research have made important contributions to this publication. Special acknowledgment is made of the extensive assistance given by Elizabeth Herzog of the Children's Bureau of the
Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that integrates theory with its application in society.... more Social Entrepreneurship (SE) is a program that integrates theory with its application in society. In practice, the SE program aims to teach about the culture of a society in a country. It also gives an understanding to participants about the business carried out by the community. Besides that, the program also allows participants to explore new business opportunities or improve existing business by creating business network between them, both at national and international levels. As mentioned earlier, the SE program essentially is a program that aims to realize the knowledge and theory (“from sky”) into real life (“to earth”). This is not something which is easy to implement. There are various challenges and obstacles in this field. This paper describes the experience gained from social entrepreneurship program in Malaysia which was conducted by Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK). This program is called Social Entrepreneurship of Economy Development (SEED). This program is a voluntary programme which supports the fifth thrust of UMK’s Strategic area, and Kelantan is a land that has a unique culture and way of life in comparison to other regions in Malaysia. The uniqueness of this program is it differs from similar programs held in other countries such as Indonesia and Vietnam. In this course, students will be given the chance to apply what they have learned in their respective courses into the real world. SEED had been implemented in seven villages in the district of Tumpat. These villages are Tujuh (product: free range Chicken), Tujuh Masjid (product: cattle and goat), Belukar Neting (product: noni Juice), Pak Kerau Hilir (product: catfish), Pak Kerau Hulu (product: Akok and Batek), Sungai Tapang (product: Mushroom), and Tujuh Tengah/ Pos Banjar (product: chillies). In this programme, 18 international participants from Switzerland, Singapore, Brunei, Thailand, Vietnam, and 49 UMK students had diligently taken part in developing the business plan for various projects. There were seven projects altogether and after the program started, follow-up supervision was conducted to determine the level of development of the business plan drawn up during the SE program. From the seven programmes, four programmes failed, two programmes were stable, and one programme was successful. Through this paper, we would like to share experiences on social entrepreneurship in Malaysia, especially in Kelantan. There have been many challenges faced by this program. Some of these challenges are the absence of follow-up activities for the program, the difficulty in upholding students' motivation, students' lack of knowledge and skills, minimum involvement of experts in this program, cultural differences between participants, villagers’ motivation, and problems with the program facilitators.
Malay and Islamic religion has exist long ago in the Malaysian soil, bringing about the Malay Isl... more Malay and Islamic religion has exist long ago in the Malaysian soil, bringing about the Malay Islamic arts and culture. The Malay Islamic Arts and Culture has been the epitome of a Malays in Malaysia. Recently, the wave of globalization has transformed some Malay Islamic Arts and Culture to be less significance in the daily life of a Malay Moslem. The role of Malay Islamic Arts and culture is slowly becoming alien to the heart of Malay Moslems. Many factors has contributed to the phenomenon of less popularity in the Malay Islamic Arts and Culture. The Malays themselves have succumbed to many western influences brought by the introduction of technologies and education. Adopting and practicing modern living with many constraints such as time, monetary and space has led many Malay Moslem to slowly forget their precious gem-The Malay Islamic Arts and Culture. This paper highlights the variety of Malay Islamic arts and culture practice as rituals by Malays in Malaysia. It will also discussed the factors contributing to the dying of these arts and culture as well as recommending some suggestions in curbing the ever disturbing scenarios of Malay Islamic Arts and Culture.
The third gender as labeled by Discovery Channel ( 2003) has been a common scene in Asian countri... more The third gender as labeled by Discovery Channel ( 2003) has been a common scene in Asian countries from as far as India to our own country Malaysia. The Malaysian National stream newspaper Berita Harian ( 2011) mentioned that there is a growing phenomenon of the Third Gender or transvestites ( In Malay language it is refered to as “makyah”) and gays in recent years in Malaysia. Another report refers them to as a woman trapped in man’s body. The disturbing scene of the Third Gender has been haunting many public universities in Malaysia. In the early nineties, a study has been conducted by some universities in Malaysia pertaining to the growth of the transgender population in public universities. The report had alerted many parties especially the administrators of the University’s student affairs office in Malaysia, hence allowing them to be more aware of the growing needs to cater to this special group of student’s population. It was true when universities started organizing seminars and courses on how to tackle transvestite and gay students in university campus such as having separate hostel rooms for them to stay. On the other hands, the third gender has proven themselves to be very intelligent in academic performance as well as having high soft skills quality that has allow them to penetrate the barrier of university’s student intake. Many of them have proven to be successful graduates by becoming Fashion Designers, Interior Decorators and Journalists, let alone Managers. However, many are inclined to be in the limelight of the creative industry. Despite their popularity, their backgrounds are discreet and unknown to the masses. Many questions linger in the mind of their peers and people living with them as to their profiles and the factors that had contributed toward their special, yet peculiar behavior. This paper addresses the profiles of the third gender in the public universities especially the transvestites. It also attempts to describe the contributing factors towards becoming a transvestites and the measures taken by universities in Malaysia in handling this marginalized queer community in campus
The third gender is well known for their verbal and non verbal expression. Words used by the thir... more The third gender is well known for their verbal and non verbal expression. Words used by the third gender have proven to be well received by the massess when adopted by artists in television dramas and entertainments. Non verbal exspression is of no less important. It has been widely imitated and applied by artist and entertainers worlwide. Body language and facial mimics are some of the widely used non verbal expression by the third gender.This paper ventures into the types of non verbal communication exhibited by the third gender through observation and self involvement with this group of people.This paper also highlights the details of the third gender non verbal communication that can be identified as special to his group of people which has been commercialized by some artists to become a common command in the society
Heritage has been seen as a very important element in the development of a nation. Heritage on th... more Heritage has been seen as a very important element in the development of a nation. Heritage on the other hand is dying and needs to be revived. There is a push to educate younger generation on the issue of dying heritage by creating awareness and appreciation towards heritage through education. All across the globe, there is a growing concern for the need to restore heritage into our education systems simply because heritage depicts one's identity of race and culture. In light of the above dilemma, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) views heritage as an opportunity that needs to be grabbed and properly utilized. Heritage to UMK is like a precious gem that needs to be given a new touch. Since UMK is an "Entrepreneurial University" that embrace Entrepreneurship as its thrusts, heritage is no exception to the feild of entreprenurship. History has proven that manufacturing of heritage artifacts as replicas were nothing strange to arts entrepreneurs. Traditional performing arts were innovated and given a face lift in making it more commercialised and marketable, craving the so called world class quality. Hence in July 2007, UMK introduced a unique academic programme named Bachelor of Heritage Studies with Honours to the Malaysian high school leavers incorporating entrepreneruship in its curriculum. This paper will introduce the programme and its academic components, discuss problems related to the running of an academic heritage programme that merge entrepreneurship elements at tertiary levels and forecast the future of this programme.
... The organization of the association is headed by the Chairman, a teacher by profession, Cikgu... more ... The organization of the association is headed by the Chairman, a teacher by profession, Cikgu Wan Azmi Mohd Nor, Deputy Chairman, Assistant Chairman ... I want to see traditional healing excel in its own way so that we can still be called the Kelantanese Malay that is rich with ...
In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While de... more In recent decades, many indicators of civic involvement among adolescents have declined. While debate continues about advantages and disadvantages of mandating community service in universities, the practice of compelling adolescents to participate in community service is increasingly common. This study explores the civic behaviours, opinions, knowledge and dispositions of undergraduate students through their participation in a communitybased intercultural leadership program in Vietnam. In this program, students from six different countries were made to visit poor village entrepreneurs and offer their assistance in business improvement. Preliminary findings suggest that students who are competent for civic action, justice oriented, personally responsible and have high civic accountability, enjoy the service learning experience in the village. Students who rate the community service program as meaningful, exciting and educational are more compelled to participate voluntarily in the coming year. The goal of this research is to affirm a set of civic measures that are appropriate for use with youth participants in community service so as to promote civic education and inculcate civic engagement as lifelong practice.
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