Despite the large number of early Greek inscribed epigrams and their historical and social import... more Despite the large number of early Greek inscribed epigrams and their historical and social importance, modern studies have focused either on the literary epigram or (especially after the publication of Hansen's Carmina Epigraphica Graeca) on the inscribed funerary epigram. The dedicatory inscribed epigram, on the other hand, has received little scholarly attention. As a result, neither a comprehensive commentary nor a study of the different features (archaeological, epigraphical, literary and linguistic) of Archaic and Classical inscribed verse dedications has appeared to date. This book aims to fill such a significant void by offering an interdisciplinary commentary on all the early Attic dedicatory epigrams, i.e. those dating from the 7th through the 5th century BCE. Since the message conveyed by an inscribed epigram can be understood only by taking into account three different semantic systems — that of art and archaeology, epigraphy, and that of language and style — at the same time, this commentary will combine a description of the morphology of the monuments on which the epigrams were engraved with an analysis of the alphabets and dialects used in the poems, while making observations on stylistic and literary data.
Il presente capitolo analizza la nascita, formazione e diffusione del cosiddetto greco comune o g... more Il presente capitolo analizza la nascita, formazione e diffusione del cosiddetto greco comune o greco standard, a partire dall'attico, depurato delle sue caratteristiche più locali, fino al divenire la lingua ufficiale dei regni ellenistici (in competizione, a livello letterario, ma non solo, con le tendenze bellettristiche e arcaizzanti propugnate dalla cosiddetta corrente atticista) e successivamente la base del greco moderno
The present paper deals with variation in and (re-)use of ancient sources, chiefly epics, in the ... more The present paper deals with variation in and (re-)use of ancient sources, chiefly epics, in the fictional chronicle of the Trojan War composed by ‘Dictys of Crete’ and its Latin adaptation, the Ephemeris belli Troiani, by a certain L. Septimius, both dating to the Roman Empire. I discuss how the authors of these texts used inconsistencies in the literary tradition and their own invention to characterise the heroes of the Trojan War in ways that ‘correct’ Homer and allow insertion of adventure and ‘romance’.
Il presente lavoro descrive una serie di forme pronominali di probabile ingresso recente in Omero... more Il presente lavoro descrive una serie di forme pronominali di probabile ingresso recente in Omero, in una dizione sostanzialmente già fissata, come frutto della pressione culturale di un'area comprendente, tra le altre regioni, l'Attica, la Beozia, l'Eubea
This volume examines a specific kind of ancient Greek memorial, namely inscribed funerary epigram... more This volume examines a specific kind of ancient Greek memorial, namely inscribed funerary epigrams for individuals dating from the Archaic and Classical periods into the fourth BCE, from a primarily literary perspective. G.G. has selected a number of such monuments for analysis based on the information that they provide about ancient Greek literature, religion and society; unsurprisingly, the focus is mainly on Attica. The material is presented with ‘attention to the parameters of age, gender and social status’ and ‘ordered within its historical and chronological context’ (p. 1). A brief introduction describes the aim and structure of the study, after which follow two introductory chapters, which provide an overview of ancient Greek funeral practices and funerary art in Chapter 1 (dealing with such issues as cremation vs burial and the iconography and typology of funerary monuments) and the literary form of epitaphs celebrating individuals in Chapter 2. In the latter chapter, the discussion concentrates on the texts in relation to the literary tradition, especially Homer, tragedy and elegy, and takes into account the long-debated issue of the association between funerary epigram and lamentatory elegy as well as the differences between the former and such similar genres as the epitaphios logos and the public epitaph in the demosion sema. Having set the scene in these first two chapters with a survey useful for both those more familiar with the literature and those more familiar with the archaeology respectively, G.G. proceeds to examine specific themes related to the epigrams in the remaining six chapters; there preference is given to those monuments for which both text and image have survived and, as mentioned, the focus is on age, gender and social status. Thus Chapter 3, the first of the thematic chapters, presents memorials from the Archaic period, in particular the wellknown and well-preserved stone epigrams and accompanying statues celebrating Phrasiklea, CEG 24, and Kroisos (regarding the force of πότε in this and other funerary epigrams, see J.W. Day, Rituals in Stone. Early Greek Epigrams and Monuments, JHS 109 [1989], 16–28, at 19; A. Petrovic, ‘True Lies of Athenian Public Epigrams’, in M. Baumbach, A. Petrovic and I. Petrovic, Archaic and Classical Greek Epigram [2010], pp. 202–16, at 211–13), CEG 27 (which are notable for their social and historical significance and for the extent to which their style and language bear comparison to epigrams of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE), as well as the epigrams on the monuments for Tettichos (CEG 13) and for other young people who died in their prime, including the siblings commemorated by the so-called ‘Brother and Sister Monument’ (CEG 25). The focus remains on inscribed monuments memorialising girls and boys in Chapter 4, discussing in detail epigrams dating mainly to the fourth century BCE in which a mors immatura is alluded to in the epitaph and / or iconographically (especially by means of the loutrophoros on funerary stelai). Chapter 5 focuses on memorials for individuals, which are more limited in number than other kinds of memorials and in their chronology; extant examples date to the sixth to the fifth centuries BCE, with none from the fourth century BCE having been found. These memorials are distinct in that they were set up by friends of the deceased rather than by their kin, as was usually the case. Examples include the recently discovered funerary epigram for Mnasitheos dedicated by his erastes Pyrrichos (SEG 49.505) and one dedicated by THE CLASSICAL REVIEW 23
Despite the large number of early Greek inscribed epigrams and their historical and social import... more Despite the large number of early Greek inscribed epigrams and their historical and social importance, modern studies have focused either on the literary epigram or (especially after the publication of Hansen's Carmina Epigraphica Graeca) on the inscribed funerary epigram. The dedicatory inscribed epigram, on the other hand, has received little scholarly attention. As a result, neither a comprehensive commentary nor a study of the different features (archaeological, epigraphical, literary and linguistic) of Archaic and Classical inscribed verse dedications has appeared to date. This book aims to fill such a significant void by offering an interdisciplinary commentary on all the early Attic dedicatory epigrams, i.e. those dating from the 7th through the 5th century BCE. Since the message conveyed by an inscribed epigram can be understood only by taking into account three different semantic systems — that of art and archaeology, epigraphy, and that of language and style — at the same time, this commentary will combine a description of the morphology of the monuments on which the epigrams were engraved with an analysis of the alphabets and dialects used in the poems, while making observations on stylistic and literary data.
Il presente capitolo analizza la nascita, formazione e diffusione del cosiddetto greco comune o g... more Il presente capitolo analizza la nascita, formazione e diffusione del cosiddetto greco comune o greco standard, a partire dall'attico, depurato delle sue caratteristiche più locali, fino al divenire la lingua ufficiale dei regni ellenistici (in competizione, a livello letterario, ma non solo, con le tendenze bellettristiche e arcaizzanti propugnate dalla cosiddetta corrente atticista) e successivamente la base del greco moderno
The present paper deals with variation in and (re-)use of ancient sources, chiefly epics, in the ... more The present paper deals with variation in and (re-)use of ancient sources, chiefly epics, in the fictional chronicle of the Trojan War composed by ‘Dictys of Crete’ and its Latin adaptation, the Ephemeris belli Troiani, by a certain L. Septimius, both dating to the Roman Empire. I discuss how the authors of these texts used inconsistencies in the literary tradition and their own invention to characterise the heroes of the Trojan War in ways that ‘correct’ Homer and allow insertion of adventure and ‘romance’.
Il presente lavoro descrive una serie di forme pronominali di probabile ingresso recente in Omero... more Il presente lavoro descrive una serie di forme pronominali di probabile ingresso recente in Omero, in una dizione sostanzialmente già fissata, come frutto della pressione culturale di un'area comprendente, tra le altre regioni, l'Attica, la Beozia, l'Eubea
This volume examines a specific kind of ancient Greek memorial, namely inscribed funerary epigram... more This volume examines a specific kind of ancient Greek memorial, namely inscribed funerary epigrams for individuals dating from the Archaic and Classical periods into the fourth BCE, from a primarily literary perspective. G.G. has selected a number of such monuments for analysis based on the information that they provide about ancient Greek literature, religion and society; unsurprisingly, the focus is mainly on Attica. The material is presented with ‘attention to the parameters of age, gender and social status’ and ‘ordered within its historical and chronological context’ (p. 1). A brief introduction describes the aim and structure of the study, after which follow two introductory chapters, which provide an overview of ancient Greek funeral practices and funerary art in Chapter 1 (dealing with such issues as cremation vs burial and the iconography and typology of funerary monuments) and the literary form of epitaphs celebrating individuals in Chapter 2. In the latter chapter, the discussion concentrates on the texts in relation to the literary tradition, especially Homer, tragedy and elegy, and takes into account the long-debated issue of the association between funerary epigram and lamentatory elegy as well as the differences between the former and such similar genres as the epitaphios logos and the public epitaph in the demosion sema. Having set the scene in these first two chapters with a survey useful for both those more familiar with the literature and those more familiar with the archaeology respectively, G.G. proceeds to examine specific themes related to the epigrams in the remaining six chapters; there preference is given to those monuments for which both text and image have survived and, as mentioned, the focus is on age, gender and social status. Thus Chapter 3, the first of the thematic chapters, presents memorials from the Archaic period, in particular the wellknown and well-preserved stone epigrams and accompanying statues celebrating Phrasiklea, CEG 24, and Kroisos (regarding the force of πότε in this and other funerary epigrams, see J.W. Day, Rituals in Stone. Early Greek Epigrams and Monuments, JHS 109 [1989], 16–28, at 19; A. Petrovic, ‘True Lies of Athenian Public Epigrams’, in M. Baumbach, A. Petrovic and I. Petrovic, Archaic and Classical Greek Epigram [2010], pp. 202–16, at 211–13), CEG 27 (which are notable for their social and historical significance and for the extent to which their style and language bear comparison to epigrams of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE), as well as the epigrams on the monuments for Tettichos (CEG 13) and for other young people who died in their prime, including the siblings commemorated by the so-called ‘Brother and Sister Monument’ (CEG 25). The focus remains on inscribed monuments memorialising girls and boys in Chapter 4, discussing in detail epigrams dating mainly to the fourth century BCE in which a mors immatura is alluded to in the epitaph and / or iconographically (especially by means of the loutrophoros on funerary stelai). Chapter 5 focuses on memorials for individuals, which are more limited in number than other kinds of memorials and in their chronology; extant examples date to the sixth to the fifth centuries BCE, with none from the fourth century BCE having been found. These memorials are distinct in that they were set up by friends of the deceased rather than by their kin, as was usually the case. Examples include the recently discovered funerary epigram for Mnasitheos dedicated by his erastes Pyrrichos (SEG 49.505) and one dedicated by THE CLASSICAL REVIEW 23
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