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Syed Baker

University of Mysore, Microbiology, Graduate Student

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As a budding researcher in the field of microbiology,from University of Mysore,India. I am very much excited and enthusiastic to work on bioactive compounds from endophytic flora of significantly important medicinal plants. I feel privileged to learn and work in the area of endophytes, which have emerged as one of the ultimate novel source to combat various drug resistant pathogens. Latest literatures in this area have proven to give a new vision of endophytes and their various applications. research on endophytes which is is said to have bright future which can engulf success against various complications across the globe such as increasing drug resistant microorganisms, increase in various life treatning diseases such as cancer, HIV etc . Based on my past experience I was actively involved in screening of bioactive compound from endophytic flora. Here as I am presently working on “Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial bioactive compounds from endophytic flora of medicinal plants”. . My expertise is in the field of, microbiology, Plant biology molecular biology, biochemistry, enzymology biotechnology and bio -nanotechnology, along with routine biochemical and spectral analyses.I will be happy to collaborate with prestigious groups across the globe and share my knowledge and expertise with them.
Any further enquire can be contacted at [email protected]
Supervisors: Dr.S.Satish
Address: Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory,Dos in Microbiology ,University of Mysore

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Papers by Syed Baker

Phytogenic Synthesis of Ag Bionano-Antibiotics Against ESKAPE Drug Resistant Communities in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia

Journal of Cluster Science, Feb 19, 2019

Nanovaccines to combat drug resistance: the next-generation immunisation

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background The present review envisages the role of nanovaccines to combat the global challenges ... more Background The present review envisages the role of nanovaccines to combat the global challenges of antimicrobial resistance. Nanovaccines are a novel formulation comprised of nanomaterials coupled with an immunogenic component to elicit the immune response and provide protection against the desired infectious disease. The nanovaccines with unique physicochemical properties can be more efficient against targeting the desired tissues in the body, aids in prolong circulation to promote antigen-presenting cells to act upon the target antigens. Main content The present review envisages the development of nanovaccines against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The use of nanovaccines can exhibit potent antigenicity with prolonged retention and controlled release to induce both cell- and antibody-mediated responses. Nanovaccines usage is still in the early stages and can be next-generation immunisation for prophylactic and therapeutic efficiency. The future development of nanovaccines aga...

Cardioprotective effect of the root extract of Hemidesmus indicus against doxorubicin -Induced oxidative stress in mice

The aim of this work was to investigate possible ameliorative action of Hemidesmus indicus root e... more The aim of this work was to investigate possible ameliorative action of Hemidesmus indicus root extract (HiRe) against doxorubicin (Dox) induced toxicity. HiRe was administered 14 days before doxorubicin (25 mg/kg.b.wt) administration. Mouse in all groups was sacrificed 24 hrs after doxorubicin injection. Serum markers of heart injury -LDH, CPK, SGOT and SGPT levels, which were markedly increased by doxorubicin treatment, were decreased to normal levels by HiRe pre-treatment. Antioxidant enzymes-SOD, CAT and GPx, as well as GSH levels in heart tissue decreased drastically after doxorubicin injection. HiRe pretreatment elevated these levels significantly. Oxidative stress markers in heart tissue, which were high in control animals, were decreased significantly by HiRe pretreatment. The biochemical changes were consistent with histopathological observations, suggesting that Hemidesmus indicus, due to its antioxidant properties significantly reduced the oxidative stress and thereby tox...

Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophyticGliomastix polychromaCLB32 inhabitingCombretum latifoliumBlume

Mycology, 2015

Plants as Green Source towards Synthesis of Nanoparticles

Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophytic<i>Gliomastix polychroma</i>CLB32 inhabiting<i>Combretum latifolium</i>Blume

Mycology, Oct 2, 2015

Bio-nanobactericides: an emanating class of nanoparticles towards combating multi-drug resistant pathogens

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

The recent research on nanomaterials as antibacterials agents have gained significant importance ... more The recent research on nanomaterials as antibacterials agents have gained significant importance in recent decades. The sustainable development of bio-nanobactericides from biogenic sources have resulted as one of the potent bactericidal agents at nanoscale. Bio-nanobactericides generously offers low toxic profiles in comparison with nanomaterials synthesized from conventional routes. The biological components mediate the synthesis and act as stabilizing agent to participate in the desired activity. These nanobactericides offers efficient alternatives to combat drug resistant pathogens with their unique mode of actions. Owing to their size dependent properties, they can be one of the most attractive tools against both gram +ve and gram −ve pathogens which are resistant to most of the available antibiotics. Based on these keys fundamental facts and considerations, the present mini review is designed to compile the recently published studies on nanomaterials bearing antibacterial activity against clinically important test pathogens.

Biosorption of oxybenzene using biosorbent prepared by raw wastes of Zea mays and comparative study by using commercially available activated carbon

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2021

Organic pollutants present in waste water have undesirable effect on the environment. Industry ac... more Organic pollutants present in waste water have undesirable effect on the environment. Industry activities are the key sources of organic pollutants. Prime pollutants released from various sources react instantly with the environment and become derived (secondary) pollutants, which stay for an elongated time. The present research work has been carried out using biosorbent prepared from various Zea mays wastes for elimination of oxybenzene. Different parameters viz contact time, initial concentration; adsorbent dose, temperature and pH were optimized for the biosorption of oxybenzene on to the biosorbent samples. BCS (Baby corn silk) showed higher percentage of biosorption at optimum contact time of 3 h, pH between 5 and 6 and temperature at 25°C. Analysis of equilibrium biosorption data in terms of several isotherm models revealed that Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm indicates better agreement with the experimental data. The kinetics of oxybenzene biosorption on to the biosorbents was described with the pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that biosorption onto biosorbent was feasible in nature, spontaneous, and endothermic for some biosorbents, but on contrary not feasible, exothermic and non spontaneous for other biosorbents. The result of this study showed that the biosorbent derived from Zea mays can be used as a prospective biosorbent for oxybenzene in wastewater and also can be an alternative for the commercially activated carbon.

Development of bioconjugated nano-molecules against targeted microbial pathogens for enhanced bactericidal activity

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2019

Following the model independent approach to deuteron photodisintegration with linearly polarized ... more Following the model independent approach to deuteron photodisintegration with linearly polarized γ−rays, we show that the measurements of the tensor analyzing powers on aligned deuterons along with the differential cross section involve five different linear combinations of the isovector E1 j v ; j = 0, 1, 2 amplitudes interfering with the isoscalar M 1s and E2s amplitudes. This is of current interest in view of the recent experimental finding 52 that the three E1 j v amplitudes are distinct and also the reported experimental observation 49 on the front-back (polar angle) asymmetry in the differential cross section.

Phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides for anti-biofilm activity against human pathogen H. pylori

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

The present study reports the phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides using Acorus calamu... more The present study reports the phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides using Acorus calamus L. and their antibiofilm activity against clinically isolated H. pylori. The synthesis was confirmed with change in the color of the reaction mixture to brown. The increased in the color intensity was periodically monitored with UV-visible spectroscopy which displayed maximum absorption at 410 nm. The biomolecular interaction was studied with FTIR spectral measurements of silver nanobactericides which revealed the presence of broad absorbance band appearing at 3361 is due to OH group and the prominent peak at 1634 correspond to an amide group. X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's intensities at 2θ angle reflecting (111), (200), (220) and (311) of the face centered cubic (fcc) structure of silver which was compared with standard XRD pattern. The morphological characteristics of nanobactericides were studied using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis which revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 5 to 60 nm. The anti-biofilm activity of silver nanobactericides against H. pylori was measured using crystal violet and ruthenium red assays which revealed 350 µg/mL to be more effective. The obtained activity was validated with standard antibiotics amoxicillin. Overall, the results obtained in the present investigation are promising enough to reveal the efficacy of silver nanoparticles to inhibit the biofilm production.

Phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles from Rhizophora mangle and their bactericidal potential with DNA damage activity

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, 2017

The present study reports phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Rhizopho... more The present study reports phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle. The synthesized nanopartides were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy with maximum absorption at 400 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies revealed the presence of functional groups mediating the synthesis of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's intensities at 2θ angle which confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (ТЕМ) revealed size and shape of the nanopartides with polydispersity of nanoparticles and size of 10-60 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles expressed antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay, broth micro dilution assay, minimal inhibitory concentration and CFU assay against selective human pathogens. Nanoparticles were more effective against S. aureus (MTCC7443) followed by B. subtilis (MTCC 121). E. coli (MTCC 7410) and S. typhi (MTCC 7407). The possible mode of action of nanopartides was studied by treating silver nanopartides with pathogenic DNA which showed defamed and damage DNA in comparison with control DNA.

Corrigendum to “Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity” [Saudi Pharm. J. 24 (2016) 140–146]

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2017

Peer review under responsibility of King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier Figu... more

Bacterial Endo-Symbiont Inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. and Their Antimicrobial Potential

Chinese Journal of Biology, 2015

Bacterial symbionts inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. were screened for antimicrobial potential wit... more Bacterial symbionts inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. were screened for antimicrobial potential with the aim to isolate potent bacteria bearing significant activity against test pathogens. The selected isolate was subjected to large scale fermentation to extract antimicrobial metabolite. The organic phase was reduced under vacuum pressure and crude ethyl acetate extract (10 mg/mL) was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against panel of test pathogens. The antibacterial activity was measured as a zone of inhibition and compared with standard antibiotics, gentamicin and tetracycline. Similarly, antifungal activity was compared with miconazole and bavistin. Significant activity was conferred against Shigella flexneri (MTCC 731) with 27±1.5 mm zone across the disc. Partially, purification of antimicrobial metabolite with TLC-bioautography and HPLC resulted in active fraction bearing activity at Rf 0.65 and eluting between 4 and 5 retention times. The obtained results are promising enoug...

Endophytes: Toward a Vision in Synthesis of Nanoparticle for Future Therapeutic Agents

Microorganisms create huge biodiversity among the richness of which the microbial world encom-pas... more Microorganisms create huge biodiversity among the richness of which the microbial world encom-passes a plethora of endophytic entities occupying utterly millions of unique biological niches (higher plants) in various, many times unusual, environ-ments. The term endophyte (Gr. endon, within; phy-ton, plant) was first coined by de Bary (1866) and has become deeply embedded in the literature ever since. At present, endophytic organisms are defined as "microbes that colonize living, internal tissues of plants without causing any immediate, overt nega-tive effects" [1]. Research on endophytes is of bur-geoning importance due to its rich source of novel natural products which are known to have wide applications in the pharmaceutical and agriculture sectors [2]. Microorganisms (bacteria, yeast and fungi) play an important role in toxic metals reme-diation through the reduction of metal ions; this was considered an interesting fact and these microbes were employed as nanofactories...

Biogenic nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity and their synergistic effect with broad spectrum antibiotics: Emerging strategy to combat drug resistant pathogens

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2017

The present study emphasizes on synthesis of bimetallic silver-gold nanoparticles from cell free ... more The present study emphasizes on synthesis of bimetallic silver-gold nanoparticles from cell free supernatant of Pseudomonas veronii strain AS41G inhabiting Annona squamosa L. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using hyphenated techniques with UV-Visible spectra ascertained absorbance peak between 400 and 800 nm. Possible interaction of biomolecules in mediating and stabilization of nanoparticles was depicted with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's peak conferring the 1 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 0 0, and 2 2 0 facets of the face centered cubic symmetry of nanoparticles suggesting that these nanoparticles were crystalline in nature. Size and shape of the nanoparticles were determined using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microgram with size ranging from 5 to 50 nm forming myriad shapes. Antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against significant human pathogens was conferred with well diffusion assay and its synergistic effect with standard antibiotics revealed 87.5% fold increased activity with antibiotic ''bacitracin'' against bacitracin resistant strains Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by kanamycin with 18.5%, gentamicin with 11.15%, streptomycin with 10%, erythromycin with 9.7% and chloramphenicol with 9.4%. Thus

Plants: Emerging as Nanofactories towards Facile Route in Synthesis of Nanoparticles

BioImpacts : BI, 2013

Plant mediated nanoparticles' synthesis has led to a remarkable progress via unfolding a gree... more Plant mediated nanoparticles' synthesis has led to a remarkable progress via unfolding a green synthesis protocol towards nanoparticles' synthesis. It seems to have drawn quite an unequivocal attention with a view of reformulating the novel strategies as alternatives for popular conventional methods. Hence, the present review summarizes the literature reported thus far and envisions towards plants as emerging sources of nanofactories.

Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2016

Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabi... more Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabiting Andrographis paniculata. Well dispersed nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectrometry with maximum absorption conferring at 420 nm. FTIR analysis revealed possible biomolecules reducing the metal salt and stabilization of nanoparticles. XRD analysis depicted the diffraction intensities exhibiting between 20 and 80°C at 2theta angle thus conferring the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. Morphological characteristic using TEM revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Synthesized nanoparticles exhibited bactericidal activity against selected human pathogens. Nanoparticles mode of action was carried out to reveal DNA damage activity. Thus the present investigation reports facile fabrication of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungi.

Phyto-nano-hybrids of Ag-CuO particles for antibacterial activity against drug-resistant pathogens

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 2020

Background The present study reports the antibacterial potential of phyto-nano-hybrid particles A... more Background The present study reports the antibacterial potential of phyto-nano-hybrid particles Ag-CuO (silver-copper oxide) against drug-resistant pathogens isolated from a Russian hospital in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia. The synthesis of nano-hybrid was achieved by phytogenic source by using leaves of Murraya koenigii. The nano-hybrid particles were well characterized using hyphenated techniques and results of the antibacterial assay was tabulated. Results The UV-visible spectra displayed absorption at 420 nm with the shoulder peak at 355 nm indicating the hybridization. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of phenol, amine, methyl, carbohydrate and aromatic as major functional groups. The XRD analysis revealed the presence of Bragg’s intensities at 2 theta angle depicting the crystalline nature of Ag-CuO nano-hybrid. The TEM analysis displayed the polydispered properties of Ag-CuO nano-hybrid with the size in the range of 60–80 nm exhibiting different shapes ranging from spherical, r...

Siberian plants: untapped repertoire of bioactive endosymbionts

Frontiers in Biology, 2018

Endosymbionts are microbial plethora inhabiting all plant species and have been subject of intere... more Endosymbionts are microbial plethora inhabiting all plant species and have been subject of interest among the scientific communities. These symbionts have gained tremendous interest in recent decades owing to their emerging biological roles. Plants inhabiting Siberian niches are one of the least studied among the plant diversity across the globe. Barcoding these plants can be interesting to reveal bioactive endosymbionts bearing myriad biological properties. With the globe being succumbing to various challenges like antimicrobial resistance, combating infectious diseases like HIV, tuberculosis, cancer and many genetic disorders. The microbial resource can address these challenges by secreting value added bioactive compounds bearing activities. Among the microbial consortium, one of the least targeted areas is endosymbionts which forms one of the superior repertoires of bioactive metabolites. Based on these facts and consideration, present review insights myriad roles of endosymbionts and makes the alarming call towards tapping Siberian plants for novel endosymbionts.

Bio-hybridization of nanobactericides with cellulose films for effective treatment against members of ESKAPE multi-drug-resistant pathogens

Applied Nanoscience, 2018

Bio-hybridization is a process of modulation of bioactive molecules with structural components (G... more Bio-hybridization is a process of modulation of bioactive molecules with structural components (Gao and Maruyama, 2014). The outcome of the hybridization results in enhancement or up gradation of desired activity (Ma et al., 2016). The exact definition of bio-hybridization is yet to be completely elucidated but however, there has been significant progress to obtain multifold applications based on the principle of bio-hybridization (Syed et al., 2016). Some of the bio-hybrid molecules are used in developing implants, regenerative medicines, bioreactors, biosensors, development of functionalized films/composites (Khan et al., 2015; Volova et al., 2018). The process of bio-hybridization not only enhances the applicative properties, it also influence on the physicochemical properties of the hybrid complex (Witte et al., 2012). The ideal bio-hybridized prodcut in the biomedical application should be biocompatibility, sustainable and controlled release of drugs, longevity, biodegradable and profound desired activity (Owen et al., 2016; Shidlovskiy et al., 2017). In recent years, owing to the rapid expansion of drug resistant pathogens, there has been serious concern in developing novel antimicrobial agents which can control and combat drug resistance (Founou et al., 2016). Most of the available standard antibiotics are ineffective against wide range of microbial pathogens (Gupta and Birdi, 2017). Based on which, the mortality and morbidity rates are at alarming pace (Kim et al., 2015). The major contributors of drug resistance are grouped as ESKAPE members which includes Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species (Santajit and Indrawattana, 2016). These members are reported to be one of the prime source of nosocomial infection in hospitals which are not only infecting patients, they are also having adverse effects on working staff and visitors which are reported to be acquiring infection directly or indirectly (Syed et al., 2017). The burden posed by these pathogens on health care system is reported to be large scale which is global economic crisis (Singer et al., 2016; WHO,2017a). In order to combat these pathogens, WHO has categorized antimicrobial resistance as one of the top priority research (WHO,2017b). Based on this, scientific groups are engaged in developing novel strategies to control the expansion of drug resistance (Rather et al., 2017). One such strategy include implementation of technologically advanced scientific domain "Nanotechnology" (Syed et al., 2017). The recent studies have highlighted the bactericidal potential of wide range of nanomaterials especially metallic nanomaterials (Kavitha et al., 2013). These nanobactericides are at nanoscale which are more upgraded than its bulk counterpart (Syed et al., 2016). Extensive research on nanomaterials have demonstrated the activity of nano-silver against myriad pathogenic bacteria with multiple mode of actions (Zhang et al., 2016). Scientific literatures provide the evidence of nano-silver acting on the

Phytogenic Synthesis of Ag Bionano-Antibiotics Against ESKAPE Drug Resistant Communities in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia

Journal of Cluster Science, Feb 19, 2019

Nanovaccines to combat drug resistance: the next-generation immunisation

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background The present review envisages the role of nanovaccines to combat the global challenges ... more Background The present review envisages the role of nanovaccines to combat the global challenges of antimicrobial resistance. Nanovaccines are a novel formulation comprised of nanomaterials coupled with an immunogenic component to elicit the immune response and provide protection against the desired infectious disease. The nanovaccines with unique physicochemical properties can be more efficient against targeting the desired tissues in the body, aids in prolong circulation to promote antigen-presenting cells to act upon the target antigens. Main content The present review envisages the development of nanovaccines against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The use of nanovaccines can exhibit potent antigenicity with prolonged retention and controlled release to induce both cell- and antibody-mediated responses. Nanovaccines usage is still in the early stages and can be next-generation immunisation for prophylactic and therapeutic efficiency. The future development of nanovaccines aga...

Cardioprotective effect of the root extract of Hemidesmus indicus against doxorubicin -Induced oxidative stress in mice

The aim of this work was to investigate possible ameliorative action of Hemidesmus indicus root e... more The aim of this work was to investigate possible ameliorative action of Hemidesmus indicus root extract (HiRe) against doxorubicin (Dox) induced toxicity. HiRe was administered 14 days before doxorubicin (25 mg/kg.b.wt) administration. Mouse in all groups was sacrificed 24 hrs after doxorubicin injection. Serum markers of heart injury -LDH, CPK, SGOT and SGPT levels, which were markedly increased by doxorubicin treatment, were decreased to normal levels by HiRe pre-treatment. Antioxidant enzymes-SOD, CAT and GPx, as well as GSH levels in heart tissue decreased drastically after doxorubicin injection. HiRe pretreatment elevated these levels significantly. Oxidative stress markers in heart tissue, which were high in control animals, were decreased significantly by HiRe pretreatment. The biochemical changes were consistent with histopathological observations, suggesting that Hemidesmus indicus, due to its antioxidant properties significantly reduced the oxidative stress and thereby tox...

Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophyticGliomastix polychromaCLB32 inhabitingCombretum latifoliumBlume

Mycology, 2015

Plants as Green Source towards Synthesis of Nanoparticles

Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophytic<i>Gliomastix polychroma</i>CLB32 inhabiting<i>Combretum latifolium</i>Blume

Mycology, Oct 2, 2015

Bio-nanobactericides: an emanating class of nanoparticles towards combating multi-drug resistant pathogens

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

The recent research on nanomaterials as antibacterials agents have gained significant importance ... more The recent research on nanomaterials as antibacterials agents have gained significant importance in recent decades. The sustainable development of bio-nanobactericides from biogenic sources have resulted as one of the potent bactericidal agents at nanoscale. Bio-nanobactericides generously offers low toxic profiles in comparison with nanomaterials synthesized from conventional routes. The biological components mediate the synthesis and act as stabilizing agent to participate in the desired activity. These nanobactericides offers efficient alternatives to combat drug resistant pathogens with their unique mode of actions. Owing to their size dependent properties, they can be one of the most attractive tools against both gram +ve and gram −ve pathogens which are resistant to most of the available antibiotics. Based on these keys fundamental facts and considerations, the present mini review is designed to compile the recently published studies on nanomaterials bearing antibacterial activity against clinically important test pathogens.

Biosorption of oxybenzene using biosorbent prepared by raw wastes of Zea mays and comparative study by using commercially available activated carbon

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2021

Organic pollutants present in waste water have undesirable effect on the environment. Industry ac... more Organic pollutants present in waste water have undesirable effect on the environment. Industry activities are the key sources of organic pollutants. Prime pollutants released from various sources react instantly with the environment and become derived (secondary) pollutants, which stay for an elongated time. The present research work has been carried out using biosorbent prepared from various Zea mays wastes for elimination of oxybenzene. Different parameters viz contact time, initial concentration; adsorbent dose, temperature and pH were optimized for the biosorption of oxybenzene on to the biosorbent samples. BCS (Baby corn silk) showed higher percentage of biosorption at optimum contact time of 3 h, pH between 5 and 6 and temperature at 25°C. Analysis of equilibrium biosorption data in terms of several isotherm models revealed that Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm indicates better agreement with the experimental data. The kinetics of oxybenzene biosorption on to the biosorbents was described with the pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that biosorption onto biosorbent was feasible in nature, spontaneous, and endothermic for some biosorbents, but on contrary not feasible, exothermic and non spontaneous for other biosorbents. The result of this study showed that the biosorbent derived from Zea mays can be used as a prospective biosorbent for oxybenzene in wastewater and also can be an alternative for the commercially activated carbon.

Development of bioconjugated nano-molecules against targeted microbial pathogens for enhanced bactericidal activity

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2019

Following the model independent approach to deuteron photodisintegration with linearly polarized ... more Following the model independent approach to deuteron photodisintegration with linearly polarized γ−rays, we show that the measurements of the tensor analyzing powers on aligned deuterons along with the differential cross section involve five different linear combinations of the isovector E1 j v ; j = 0, 1, 2 amplitudes interfering with the isoscalar M 1s and E2s amplitudes. This is of current interest in view of the recent experimental finding 52 that the three E1 j v amplitudes are distinct and also the reported experimental observation 49 on the front-back (polar angle) asymmetry in the differential cross section.

Phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides for anti-biofilm activity against human pathogen H. pylori

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

The present study reports the phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides using Acorus calamu... more The present study reports the phytogenic synthesis of silver nanobactericides using Acorus calamus L. and their antibiofilm activity against clinically isolated H. pylori. The synthesis was confirmed with change in the color of the reaction mixture to brown. The increased in the color intensity was periodically monitored with UV-visible spectroscopy which displayed maximum absorption at 410 nm. The biomolecular interaction was studied with FTIR spectral measurements of silver nanobactericides which revealed the presence of broad absorbance band appearing at 3361 is due to OH group and the prominent peak at 1634 correspond to an amide group. X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's intensities at 2θ angle reflecting (111), (200), (220) and (311) of the face centered cubic (fcc) structure of silver which was compared with standard XRD pattern. The morphological characteristics of nanobactericides were studied using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis which revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 5 to 60 nm. The anti-biofilm activity of silver nanobactericides against H. pylori was measured using crystal violet and ruthenium red assays which revealed 350 µg/mL to be more effective. The obtained activity was validated with standard antibiotics amoxicillin. Overall, the results obtained in the present investigation are promising enough to reveal the efficacy of silver nanoparticles to inhibit the biofilm production.

Phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles from Rhizophora mangle and their bactericidal potential with DNA damage activity

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, 2017

The present study reports phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Rhizopho... more The present study reports phytogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle. The synthesized nanopartides were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy with maximum absorption at 400 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies revealed the presence of functional groups mediating the synthesis of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's intensities at 2θ angle which confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (ТЕМ) revealed size and shape of the nanopartides with polydispersity of nanoparticles and size of 10-60 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles expressed antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay, broth micro dilution assay, minimal inhibitory concentration and CFU assay against selective human pathogens. Nanoparticles were more effective against S. aureus (MTCC7443) followed by B. subtilis (MTCC 121). E. coli (MTCC 7410) and S. typhi (MTCC 7407). The possible mode of action of nanopartides was studied by treating silver nanopartides with pathogenic DNA which showed defamed and damage DNA in comparison with control DNA.

Corrigendum to “Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity” [Saudi Pharm. J. 24 (2016) 140–146]

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2017

Peer review under responsibility of King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier Figu... more

Bacterial Endo-Symbiont Inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. and Their Antimicrobial Potential

Chinese Journal of Biology, 2015

Bacterial symbionts inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. were screened for antimicrobial potential wit... more Bacterial symbionts inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. were screened for antimicrobial potential with the aim to isolate potent bacteria bearing significant activity against test pathogens. The selected isolate was subjected to large scale fermentation to extract antimicrobial metabolite. The organic phase was reduced under vacuum pressure and crude ethyl acetate extract (10 mg/mL) was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against panel of test pathogens. The antibacterial activity was measured as a zone of inhibition and compared with standard antibiotics, gentamicin and tetracycline. Similarly, antifungal activity was compared with miconazole and bavistin. Significant activity was conferred against Shigella flexneri (MTCC 731) with 27±1.5 mm zone across the disc. Partially, purification of antimicrobial metabolite with TLC-bioautography and HPLC resulted in active fraction bearing activity at Rf 0.65 and eluting between 4 and 5 retention times. The obtained results are promising enoug...

Endophytes: Toward a Vision in Synthesis of Nanoparticle for Future Therapeutic Agents

Microorganisms create huge biodiversity among the richness of which the microbial world encom-pas... more Microorganisms create huge biodiversity among the richness of which the microbial world encom-passes a plethora of endophytic entities occupying utterly millions of unique biological niches (higher plants) in various, many times unusual, environ-ments. The term endophyte (Gr. endon, within; phy-ton, plant) was first coined by de Bary (1866) and has become deeply embedded in the literature ever since. At present, endophytic organisms are defined as "microbes that colonize living, internal tissues of plants without causing any immediate, overt nega-tive effects" [1]. Research on endophytes is of bur-geoning importance due to its rich source of novel natural products which are known to have wide applications in the pharmaceutical and agriculture sectors [2]. Microorganisms (bacteria, yeast and fungi) play an important role in toxic metals reme-diation through the reduction of metal ions; this was considered an interesting fact and these microbes were employed as nanofactories...

Biogenic nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity and their synergistic effect with broad spectrum antibiotics: Emerging strategy to combat drug resistant pathogens

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2017

The present study emphasizes on synthesis of bimetallic silver-gold nanoparticles from cell free ... more The present study emphasizes on synthesis of bimetallic silver-gold nanoparticles from cell free supernatant of Pseudomonas veronii strain AS41G inhabiting Annona squamosa L. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using hyphenated techniques with UV-Visible spectra ascertained absorbance peak between 400 and 800 nm. Possible interaction of biomolecules in mediating and stabilization of nanoparticles was depicted with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed Bragg's peak conferring the 1 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 0 0, and 2 2 0 facets of the face centered cubic symmetry of nanoparticles suggesting that these nanoparticles were crystalline in nature. Size and shape of the nanoparticles were determined using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microgram with size ranging from 5 to 50 nm forming myriad shapes. Antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against significant human pathogens was conferred with well diffusion assay and its synergistic effect with standard antibiotics revealed 87.5% fold increased activity with antibiotic ''bacitracin'' against bacitracin resistant strains Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by kanamycin with 18.5%, gentamicin with 11.15%, streptomycin with 10%, erythromycin with 9.7% and chloramphenicol with 9.4%. Thus

Plants: Emerging as Nanofactories towards Facile Route in Synthesis of Nanoparticles

BioImpacts : BI, 2013

Plant mediated nanoparticles' synthesis has led to a remarkable progress via unfolding a gree... more Plant mediated nanoparticles' synthesis has led to a remarkable progress via unfolding a green synthesis protocol towards nanoparticles' synthesis. It seems to have drawn quite an unequivocal attention with a view of reformulating the novel strategies as alternatives for popular conventional methods. Hence, the present review summarizes the literature reported thus far and envisions towards plants as emerging sources of nanofactories.

Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2016

Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabi... more Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabiting Andrographis paniculata. Well dispersed nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectrometry with maximum absorption conferring at 420 nm. FTIR analysis revealed possible biomolecules reducing the metal salt and stabilization of nanoparticles. XRD analysis depicted the diffraction intensities exhibiting between 20 and 80°C at 2theta angle thus conferring the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. Morphological characteristic using TEM revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Synthesized nanoparticles exhibited bactericidal activity against selected human pathogens. Nanoparticles mode of action was carried out to reveal DNA damage activity. Thus the present investigation reports facile fabrication of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungi.

Phyto-nano-hybrids of Ag-CuO particles for antibacterial activity against drug-resistant pathogens

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 2020

Background The present study reports the antibacterial potential of phyto-nano-hybrid particles A... more Background The present study reports the antibacterial potential of phyto-nano-hybrid particles Ag-CuO (silver-copper oxide) against drug-resistant pathogens isolated from a Russian hospital in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia. The synthesis of nano-hybrid was achieved by phytogenic source by using leaves of Murraya koenigii. The nano-hybrid particles were well characterized using hyphenated techniques and results of the antibacterial assay was tabulated. Results The UV-visible spectra displayed absorption at 420 nm with the shoulder peak at 355 nm indicating the hybridization. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of phenol, amine, methyl, carbohydrate and aromatic as major functional groups. The XRD analysis revealed the presence of Bragg’s intensities at 2 theta angle depicting the crystalline nature of Ag-CuO nano-hybrid. The TEM analysis displayed the polydispered properties of Ag-CuO nano-hybrid with the size in the range of 60–80 nm exhibiting different shapes ranging from spherical, r...

Siberian plants: untapped repertoire of bioactive endosymbionts

Frontiers in Biology, 2018

Endosymbionts are microbial plethora inhabiting all plant species and have been subject of intere... more Endosymbionts are microbial plethora inhabiting all plant species and have been subject of interest among the scientific communities. These symbionts have gained tremendous interest in recent decades owing to their emerging biological roles. Plants inhabiting Siberian niches are one of the least studied among the plant diversity across the globe. Barcoding these plants can be interesting to reveal bioactive endosymbionts bearing myriad biological properties. With the globe being succumbing to various challenges like antimicrobial resistance, combating infectious diseases like HIV, tuberculosis, cancer and many genetic disorders. The microbial resource can address these challenges by secreting value added bioactive compounds bearing activities. Among the microbial consortium, one of the least targeted areas is endosymbionts which forms one of the superior repertoires of bioactive metabolites. Based on these facts and consideration, present review insights myriad roles of endosymbionts and makes the alarming call towards tapping Siberian plants for novel endosymbionts.

Bio-hybridization of nanobactericides with cellulose films for effective treatment against members of ESKAPE multi-drug-resistant pathogens

Applied Nanoscience, 2018

Bio-hybridization is a process of modulation of bioactive molecules with structural components (G... more Bio-hybridization is a process of modulation of bioactive molecules with structural components (Gao and Maruyama, 2014). The outcome of the hybridization results in enhancement or up gradation of desired activity (Ma et al., 2016). The exact definition of bio-hybridization is yet to be completely elucidated but however, there has been significant progress to obtain multifold applications based on the principle of bio-hybridization (Syed et al., 2016). Some of the bio-hybrid molecules are used in developing implants, regenerative medicines, bioreactors, biosensors, development of functionalized films/composites (Khan et al., 2015; Volova et al., 2018). The process of bio-hybridization not only enhances the applicative properties, it also influence on the physicochemical properties of the hybrid complex (Witte et al., 2012). The ideal bio-hybridized prodcut in the biomedical application should be biocompatibility, sustainable and controlled release of drugs, longevity, biodegradable and profound desired activity (Owen et al., 2016; Shidlovskiy et al., 2017). In recent years, owing to the rapid expansion of drug resistant pathogens, there has been serious concern in developing novel antimicrobial agents which can control and combat drug resistance (Founou et al., 2016). Most of the available standard antibiotics are ineffective against wide range of microbial pathogens (Gupta and Birdi, 2017). Based on which, the mortality and morbidity rates are at alarming pace (Kim et al., 2015). The major contributors of drug resistance are grouped as ESKAPE members which includes Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species (Santajit and Indrawattana, 2016). These members are reported to be one of the prime source of nosocomial infection in hospitals which are not only infecting patients, they are also having adverse effects on working staff and visitors which are reported to be acquiring infection directly or indirectly (Syed et al., 2017). The burden posed by these pathogens on health care system is reported to be large scale which is global economic crisis (Singer et al., 2016; WHO,2017a). In order to combat these pathogens, WHO has categorized antimicrobial resistance as one of the top priority research (WHO,2017b). Based on this, scientific groups are engaged in developing novel strategies to control the expansion of drug resistance (Rather et al., 2017). One such strategy include implementation of technologically advanced scientific domain "Nanotechnology" (Syed et al., 2017). The recent studies have highlighted the bactericidal potential of wide range of nanomaterials especially metallic nanomaterials (Kavitha et al., 2013). These nanobactericides are at nanoscale which are more upgraded than its bulk counterpart (Syed et al., 2016). Extensive research on nanomaterials have demonstrated the activity of nano-silver against myriad pathogenic bacteria with multiple mode of actions (Zhang et al., 2016). Scientific literatures provide the evidence of nano-silver acting on the