Papers by Wiwin Retnowati
Majalah Biomorfologi
Highlights The use of eucalyptus oil is natural and risk-free. It has a lengthy history of use as... more Highlights The use of eucalyptus oil is natural and risk-free. It has a lengthy history of use as a traditional medicine in Asia, including Indonesia. It has been demonstrated that eucalyptus oil possesses antibacterial activity against MRSA, and this activity was controlled by the oil's concentration. Background: Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) oil is used by Indonesians as an herbal medicine. Eucalyptus containing 1,8-cineol at 72.30% is expected to be used as an antibacterial. Objective: The study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of eucalyptus oil against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria in vitro. Material and Method: The materials used were eucalyptus oil (M. leucadendra) in various concentrations with ethyl acetate as solvent. The research method used was the agar-well diffusion assay. The MRSA was suspended to 0.5 McFarland turbidity. The MRSA suspension was thoroughly swabbed onto the surface of the Mueller-Hinton agar plate. The w...
International journal of research publications, Nov 1, 2022
White tofu is made from soybean seeds which has high protein content of 7.06 gram per 100-gram to... more White tofu is made from soybean seeds which has high protein content of 7.06 gram per 100-gram tofu and water of 8488%. The nature of tofu which contains much water and protein is a good medium for bacterial growth. Bacteria like Escherichia coli can cause spoilage in white tofu. High protein in white tofu has a short storage time so that it requires preservatives to inhibit the decay process. One of the natural ingredients which has antibacterial ability is garlic (Allium sativum). Allicin is the most potent compound contained in garlic (Allium sativum) which has antibacterial and fungal abilities. Thus, garlic (Allium sativum) can act as a preservative for white tofu. This study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of garlic (Allium sativum) on the inhibition of Escherichia coli bacteria in white tofu at room temperature storage. This study was a laboratory experiment with a completely randomized design. Data were obtained by counting the number of bacterial colonies using the SPC method. The data were analyzed by descriptive method. Meanwhile, in the samples inoculated on EMB agar, colonies which matched with Escherichia coli characteristics were still found especially starting at the 48th hour of storage. It can be concluded that there was an effect of differences in the concentration of garlic (Allium sativum) soaking water at 0 to 48 hours on the growth of Escherichia coli colonies marked by the absence of Escherichia coli colonies on EMB agar. There was an effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on inhibition of Escherichia coli bacteria in white tofu.
International Journal of Research Publications
Diarrhea is a health problem that occurs throughout the world, in Indonesia the prevalence of dia... more Diarrhea is a health problem that occurs throughout the world, in Indonesia the prevalence of diarrhea is 11%. Diarrhea is one of the food borne diseases. The most common bacteria that causes diarrhea is Escherichia coli. Diarrhea can be prevented by disinfection using 70% alcohol hand sanitizer, but this material often causes irritation and itching, so alternative materials were needed. One of the potential ingredients is eucalyptus oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) made in Lamongan, because it contains 1,8-Cineol compounds. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial potential of eucalyptus oil as a solution to health problems. This study was a true experimental study with a posttest-only control group design. Sampling used a simple random sampling technique. Data were obtained by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone using the diffusion method antibacterial test. The data would be processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software. The results of the measurement of the diameter of the inhibition zone in positive control (31.53 ± 0.6 mm), negative control (0.00 ± 0.00 mm) 20% concentration (19.00 ± 1.17 mm), 30% concentration (21.53 ± 1.33 mm), 40% concentration (24.08 ± 0.28 mm), and 50% concentration (24.76 ± 1.56 mm). Based on the One-Way ANOVA test, it was found that there was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group (p = 0.000). Based on the Pearson test, it was found that there was a very strong relationship (r = 0.888), positive (r = 0.888) and significant (p = 0.000) between various concentrations of eucalyptus oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) made in Lamongan against Escherichia coli bacteria. There was a significant antibacterial effect of eucalyptus oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) made in Lamongan against Escherichia coli bacteria.
Jurnal Kesehatan Prima, 2022
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria, a normal flora of the body that can cause infe... more Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria, a normal flora of the body that can cause infection in various organs and has the potential to become resistant to antibiotics. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is one of the herbs that has antibacterial effects and is often used by Madurese people as a traditional medicine. It is suspected that geographical differences and the natural conditions in which turmeric grows can affect its compounds and properties. This study aims to analyze the ethanolic extract of turmeric from Madura as an antibacterial against S. aureus. An in vitro laboratory research using agar well diffusion method was conducted with the concentration of turmeric extract used 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100%. The positive control used was penicillin. The negative control in this study was 100% DMSO. The results showed inhibition zone at concentrations of 20% (11.86 mm), 40% (12.04 mm), 80% (12.53 mm), and 100% (10.97 mm). The diameter obtained was lower than the positive control p...
Jurnal ABM Mengabdi, Nov 4, 2019
Jurnal ABM Mengabdi, Dec 1, 2017
Basis of pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance in M. tuberculosis is commonly associated with mutations i... more Basis of pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance in M. tuberculosis is commonly associated with mutations in the pncA gene encoding pyrazinamidase (PZase) enzyme. The complete pncA open reading frame of 0,6 kb from R2 and R6 clinical isolate of PZA-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been characterized. A group mutations of T40C, G419A and A535G which link to amino acid replacements of Cis14Arg, Arg140His, Ser179Gly was identifed in pncA gene from the R2 PZA-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, meanwhile a G511A mutation which replace amino acid of Ala171Thr was found in pncA gene from the R6 PZA-resistant strain. The structure modelling study to determine the effect of amino acid substitutions in the R2 and R6 PZase was carried out. Superposition of the generated model for R2 and R6 PZase with the wild-type PZase structure gave root mean square deviations (RMSD) of 0.24 and 0.23˚A respectively, suggesting highly similar structures. However, the mutant structures of R2 and R6 PZase amen...
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2022
Stunting is a developmental disorder experienced by children due to poor nutrition, recurrent inf... more Stunting is a developmental disorder experienced by children due to poor nutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. In Jember Regency, the number of stunting cases increased from 2018 to 2019. In addition, restrictions on activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as nutrition services at Integrated Healthcare Center, can hamper access to consumption and nutrition and child health services. Therefore, education about stunting is urgently needed to implement appropriate parenting patterns in the mids of limited activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Jember community service program was carried out online in the form of a webinar activity that was attended by 30 participants. This study is a quantitative analytic research using a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data that have been analyzed are presented descriptively. There is a significant effect on the pretest and posttest scores in the webinar. It means an increase in participants' und...
LAPORAN PENELITIAN MENBAHAS TENTANG Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa ... more LAPORAN PENELITIAN MENBAHAS TENTANG Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa Tulusbesar Malang
PZA adalah salah satu obat andalan yang direkomendasikan WHO untuk terapi TB. Munculnya resistens... more PZA adalah salah satu obat andalan yang direkomendasikan WHO untuk terapi TB. Munculnya resistensi PZA pada isolat-isolat klinis M. tuberculosis sering dihubungkan dengan terjadinya mutasi gen pncA penyandi PZase. Identifikasi jenis dan posisi mutasi pncA pada M. tuberculosis resisten PZA dari isolat klinis lokal sangat diperlukan, terutama dalam upaya untuk pemetaan biomarker genetik bagi resistensi PZA isolat-isolat klinis lokal tersebut. Selain itu, identifikasi mutasi pncA juga sangat diperlukan untuk mengungkap hubungan antara mutasi pncA terhadap tingkat resistensi PZA pada isolat-isolat klinis M. tuberculosis. Hal ini penting untuk penyusunan konsep mekanisme resistensi PZA. Tujuan unggulan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan konsep mekanisme resistensi pirazinamid berdasarkan analisis mutasi gen pncA dari isolat klinis M. tuberculosis resisten PZA dan model struktur protein PZase mutan. Secara garis besar rincian tujuan penelitian yang akan dicapai adalah : menskrining iso...
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services), 2021
Gajah Village is one of the villages located in Baureno District, Bojonegoro Regency. In Gajah Vi... more Gajah Village is one of the villages located in Baureno District, Bojonegoro Regency. In Gajah Village there is Bukit Kapur which is a former mining activity in the form of an elongated basin or valley, residents call it the Valley of Love. However, according to the local village government, there is no management related to the Valley and it is still unknown to the wider community. In addition, in Gajah Village, there are also several Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) actors, the majority of which are in the food sector. However, the current Pandemic period has had an unfavorable impact on MSME players, this impact is on a decrease in sales, in terms of production and distribution. The purpose of the service we carry out is to help introduce the Valley of Love tourism to the wider community by creating a program in the form of video branding that we will upload on various social sites that show the beauty of the Valley of Love behind Gajah Village. In addition, to expand t...
Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala, 2020
. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan flora normal kulit manusia yang bisa menyebabkan infeksi ketik... more . Staphylococcus aureus merupakan flora normal kulit manusia yang bisa menyebabkan infeksi ketika sistem imun tubuh manusia sedang lemah. Pengobatan Staphylococcus aureus tergolong sulit karena Staphylococcus aureus mudah resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik sehingga dikenal istilah Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), dan Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) yang menunjukkan resistensi tersebut. Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dapat dihambat ekstrak daun petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala). Tanaman petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) digunakan masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat tradisional untuk menyembuhkan luka, mengobati cacingan, dan mengobati jerawat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus.Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental laboratorium dengan metode dilusi sebanyak...
Health Notions, 2020
Drinking water is both a basic human need and a strong determinant of health. In Indonesia, there... more Drinking water is both a basic human need and a strong determinant of health. In Indonesia, there are drinking water refill stations (DWRS) which conveniently offer refill drinking water at affordable price. This study aims to determine whether station management amd raw water source influence the quality of drinking water. This cross-sectional study used primary data from questionnaires filled by DWRS owners and secondary data about the quality of refill drinking water from the Surabaya City Health Department. Data was then analyzed by using Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. From 33 registered DWRSs, only 18 stations fulfilled all quality standards of drinking water. Some DWRSs failed to pass microbiological (n=13) and chemical (n=2) standards. All DWRS passed the physical standard. There was no significant difference found in duration of operation (pmicro = 0.956, pchemical = 0.382), production capacity (pmicro = 0.384; pchemical = 0.495). There was no significant difference foun...
Biomolecular and Health Science Journal, 2020
Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial infections may cause p... more Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial infections may cause poor manifestations and even increase patients’ morbidity and mortality. The use of antibiotics in the management of infections remains the main therapy. However, ever-increasing antibacterial resistance has prompted researchers to find the solution. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of red coconut coir (Cocos nucifera L. var rubescens) in various concentrations and linezolid 10 µ/ml on the growth of MRSA bacteria in vitro.Methods: The antibacterial activity test method was well-diffusion test. Bacteria was plated in mueller hinton agar for 24 hours at 37oC. The treatment groups were red coconut coir extract and its combination with linezolid 10 µg/ml. The well-diffusion test results were statistically analyzed with the One-Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests.Results: Mean inhibitory zone diameter formed in the C. nucifera L. var rubescens extract test in vario...
International Islamic Medical Journal, 2019
Klebsiella pneumoniae as an opportunistic pathogen can cause nosocomial infection. The main conc... more Klebsiella pneumoniae as an opportunistic pathogen can cause nosocomial infection. The main concern on this bacterium is directed on the extended-spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The therapy of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections is very limited because of its multidrug resistance. It had been found new local isolates Streptomyces sp-MWS1, Streptomyces sp-MWS3, and Streptomyces sp-MWS6 in mangrove East Coast of Surabaya. These isolates have potential to produce antibiotics (Retnowati, 2008). This study was aimed to prove these isolates may inhibit the growth of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia. The test of antibacterial activity of Streptomyces sp-MWS1, Streptomyces sp-MWS3, and Streptomyces sp-MWS6 using the modification Agar print method against clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The diameter of inhibition zone (mm) formed shows activity of these isolates. The profiles of antibacterial activity of Streptomyces sp-...
The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal, 2018
the tuberculosis (tB) disease is still widely found even though BCg vaccine given to many people.... more the tuberculosis (tB) disease is still widely found even though BCg vaccine given to many people. Ineffectiveness of the BCG vaccine is one of causes that make the difficulties in preventing TB transmission. objective of the research was to determine the immunogenicity of katg protein of M. tuberculosis clinical isolate L19 in mice. the katg protein as antigen was prepared by expression of the katg gene of M. tuberculosis clinical isolate L19 in Escherichia coli BL21 using pColdII-DNA vector. After purification by affinity chromatography, the katg was vaccinated to mice to detect its immunogenicity. the expression of katg in e. coli BL21 could result in katg protein with molecular weight 80 kda in sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The pure KatG protein could significantly stimulate the immune response of mice by triggering the antibodies production of Igg1, Igg2a, Igg2b, Igg2c, Igg3, and IgM. the highest antibody level was obtained when the mice were vaccinated by KatG L19 with the dose of 45 μg/ml. Of the antibodies, the IgG2c isotype was dominantly produced in the blood serum. the katg protein exhibited a high immunogenici ty in mice, so it is possible to develop as a vaccine candidate for tB. a clinical test should be performed in a future to ensure its safety as a therapeutic protein.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2017
With 22 years of research and teaching experience in the areas of microbiology, immunology and vi... more With 22 years of research and teaching experience in the areas of microbiology, immunology and virology, he has developed several diagnostics, vaccines, immunomodulatory modules and hypothesis to counter infectious diseases of animals, poultry and public health concerns. He also has been awarded NAAS Associateship (National Academy of Agricultural Science, India). To his credit he has handled 20 research projects and guided 17 M.V.Sc. and P.D. scholars.
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease, 2010
An actinomycete, designated Streptomyces sp-MWS1, was isolated from mangrove ecosystem soil in th... more An actinomycete, designated Streptomyces sp-MWS1, was isolated from mangrove ecosystem soil in the eastern coast of Surabaya. This organism was capable of producing a series of antibiotics that strongly inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, culture morphological and physiological characteristics of the isolated strain, Streptomyces sp-MWS1 were compared to other reference strains belong to Streptomyces species. The analysis of nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA indicated similarity binary 98% with Streptomyces species.
Procedia Chemistry, 2016
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is one of the mainstays WHO-recommended drugs for therapy of tuberculosis (TB)... more Pyrazinamide (PZA) is one of the mainstays WHO-recommended drugs for therapy of tuberculosis (TB). The emergence of PZA resistance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis is often associated with pncA gene mutations encoding PZase. A local clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain showed phenotipe resistant to PZA at concentration of 10 g/mL. The ORF of pncA gene of the isolate showed deletion of guanine base at position 81, then followed by shortening of 70 amino acids from Cterminal of PZAse which has 186 amino acid residues. The mutant of PZase took frame shift of amino acids after the residue at position 27. The pncA gene mutation at the level of genotype, that produced a physical-chemical alteration of the active site or the metal-binding site of PZase, in this case perturbing or lossing its activity was proposed as trigering the PZA resistance in P14 clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis strain.
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Papers by Wiwin Retnowati