Regulated RNA metabolism appears to be a critical component of molecular mechanisms directing flo... more Regulated RNA metabolism appears to be a critical component of molecular mechanisms directing flowering initiation in plants. A group of RNA binding proteins exerts their roles through the autonomous flowering pathway. Posttranscriptional mechanisms regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) also play a key role in flowering-time control. Here, we demonstrate that the GIGANTEA (GI)-regulated miR172 defines a unique genetic pathway that regulates photoperiodic flowering by inducing FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) independent of CONSTANS (CO). A late-flowering mutant in which a miR172 target gene, TARGET OF EAT1, is constitutively activated by the nearby insertion of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S enhancer normally responded to vernalization and gibberellic acid treatments. By contrast, its response to daylength changes was severely disrupted. In the mutant, FT was significantly repressed, but other flowering genes were unaffected. Notably, miR172 abundance is regulated by photoperiod via GI-mediated miRNA processing. Accordingly, miR172-overproducing plants exhibit early flowering under both long days and short days, even in the absence of functional CO, indicating that miR172 promotes photoperiodic flowering through a CO-independent genetic pathway. Therefore, it appears that GI-mediated photoperiodic flowering is governed by the coordinated interaction of two distinct genetic pathways: one mediated via CO and the other mediated via miR172 and its targets. Arabidopsis in CONSTANS -Regulated MicroRNA172 Mediates Photoperiodic Flowering Independent of GIGANTEA The This information is current as of December 3, 2013 Supplemental Data http://www.plantcell.org/content/suppl/2007/09/13/tpc.107.054528.DC1.html References
The use of alternate fuels has been proposed as a method of improving urban air quality by reduci... more The use of alternate fuels has been proposed as a method of improving urban air quality by reducing combustionrelated pollution. One such program mandates the use of oxygenates in the wintertime to reduce CO emissions in cities such as Albuquerque, NM. A field study was conducted in Albuquerque to determine the atmospheric impacts of the use of ethanol fuels. Atmospheric concentrations of ozone, oxides of nitrogen, CO, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), aldehydes, and organic acids were measured in the summer of 1993, before the use of ethanol fuels, and in the winters of 1994 and 1995, during the use of 10% ethanol fuel (>99%). Data showed increased levels of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and aldehydes in winter. The formaldehyde/ acetaldehyde ratio was 1.4, indicating an anthropogenic source, and PAN and acetaldehyde levels were anti-correlated over short time periods, indicating primary acetaldehyde emissions. A comparison of data taken at rural sites south of the city indicates that although there is a significant anthropogenic component to the aldehyde concentrations during the winter, there are also contributions from the photochemical oxidation of natural hydrocarbons.
In the past 3 years, five patients with lung carcinoma were found to have enlarged adrenal glands... more In the past 3 years, five patients with lung carcinoma were found to have enlarged adrenal glands without any evidence of distant metastasis. The patients were treated with adrenalectomy. The cases are presented in order to discuss optimal methods of diagnosis and treatment for this condition.
El artículo analiza el movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hida... more El artículo analiza el movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo durante la década de 1956 a 1966. En estos años, surgen cuatro huelgas universitarias en un contexto de profundos cambios institucionales. Las características que presentaría el movimiento estudiantil estarían marcadas por una nueva composición de las demandas y acciones: de aspectos netamente estudiantiles a otras de corte social y externas a la universidad, en una actitud que mezclaba elitismo intelectual y misticismo populista, rasgo que signaría a los movimientos estudiados. La violencia ejercida sobre el movimiento estudiantil modificó las relaciones institucionales, atropellando al movimiento, a la institución y a las normas establecidas; borrando cualquier lógica de entendimiento posible. El movimiento estudiantil michoacano, tras la derrota, caería en una postración que se prolongaría por varios años.
Regulated RNA metabolism appears to be a critical component of molecular mechanisms directing flo... more Regulated RNA metabolism appears to be a critical component of molecular mechanisms directing flowering initiation in plants. A group of RNA binding proteins exerts their roles through the autonomous flowering pathway. Posttranscriptional mechanisms regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) also play a key role in flowering-time control. Here, we demonstrate that the GIGANTEA (GI)-regulated miR172 defines a unique genetic pathway that regulates photoperiodic flowering by inducing FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) independent of CONSTANS (CO). A late-flowering mutant in which a miR172 target gene, TARGET OF EAT1, is constitutively activated by the nearby insertion of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S enhancer normally responded to vernalization and gibberellic acid treatments. By contrast, its response to daylength changes was severely disrupted. In the mutant, FT was significantly repressed, but other flowering genes were unaffected. Notably, miR172 abundance is regulated by photoperiod via GI-mediated miRNA processing. Accordingly, miR172-overproducing plants exhibit early flowering under both long days and short days, even in the absence of functional CO, indicating that miR172 promotes photoperiodic flowering through a CO-independent genetic pathway. Therefore, it appears that GI-mediated photoperiodic flowering is governed by the coordinated interaction of two distinct genetic pathways: one mediated via CO and the other mediated via miR172 and its targets. Arabidopsis in CONSTANS -Regulated MicroRNA172 Mediates Photoperiodic Flowering Independent of GIGANTEA The This information is current as of December 3, 2013 Supplemental Data http://www.plantcell.org/content/suppl/2007/09/13/tpc.107.054528.DC1.html References
The use of alternate fuels has been proposed as a method of improving urban air quality by reduci... more The use of alternate fuels has been proposed as a method of improving urban air quality by reducing combustionrelated pollution. One such program mandates the use of oxygenates in the wintertime to reduce CO emissions in cities such as Albuquerque, NM. A field study was conducted in Albuquerque to determine the atmospheric impacts of the use of ethanol fuels. Atmospheric concentrations of ozone, oxides of nitrogen, CO, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), aldehydes, and organic acids were measured in the summer of 1993, before the use of ethanol fuels, and in the winters of 1994 and 1995, during the use of 10% ethanol fuel (>99%). Data showed increased levels of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and aldehydes in winter. The formaldehyde/ acetaldehyde ratio was 1.4, indicating an anthropogenic source, and PAN and acetaldehyde levels were anti-correlated over short time periods, indicating primary acetaldehyde emissions. A comparison of data taken at rural sites south of the city indicates that although there is a significant anthropogenic component to the aldehyde concentrations during the winter, there are also contributions from the photochemical oxidation of natural hydrocarbons.
In the past 3 years, five patients with lung carcinoma were found to have enlarged adrenal glands... more In the past 3 years, five patients with lung carcinoma were found to have enlarged adrenal glands without any evidence of distant metastasis. The patients were treated with adrenalectomy. The cases are presented in order to discuss optimal methods of diagnosis and treatment for this condition.
El artículo analiza el movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hida... more El artículo analiza el movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo durante la década de 1956 a 1966. En estos años, surgen cuatro huelgas universitarias en un contexto de profundos cambios institucionales. Las características que presentaría el movimiento estudiantil estarían marcadas por una nueva composición de las demandas y acciones: de aspectos netamente estudiantiles a otras de corte social y externas a la universidad, en una actitud que mezclaba elitismo intelectual y misticismo populista, rasgo que signaría a los movimientos estudiados. La violencia ejercida sobre el movimiento estudiantil modificó las relaciones institucionales, atropellando al movimiento, a la institución y a las normas establecidas; borrando cualquier lógica de entendimiento posible. El movimiento estudiantil michoacano, tras la derrota, caería en una postración que se prolongaría por varios años.
Uploads
Papers by Luis Reyes