Papers by Azizah Ahmad Fauzi
Journal of Dental Surgery, 2014
Gelam honey has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in animal mode... more Gelam honey has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in animal model. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Gelam honey (Melaleuca cajuputi) on alveolar bone level in experimental periodontitis. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study and randomly divided into four groups: ligated saline (LS), ligated honey (LH), nonligated saline (NLS), and nonligated honey (NLH). Fifteen days after supplementation with Gelam honey (3 g/kg), the rats were sacrificed and alveolar bone level was determined by radiography and histomorphometry. The number of osteoclasts was also calculated for all groups. Both radiographic and histomorphometric analyses showed that alveolar bone resorption was severely induced around the ligated molar in the LS and LH groups. There was no significant difference in alveolar bone level between the LS and LH groups. However, there was a nonsignificant reduction of osteoclast number by 15.2% in LH group compared...
Advances in Health Sciences Research, 2022
Background: Dental radiograph acts as an adjunct to the clinical examination that aids the dentis... more Background: Dental radiograph acts as an adjunct to the clinical examination that aids the dentist to evaluate and definitively diagnose many oral diseases and conditions. Bitewings and periapical radiographs are the two intraoral radiographs that are commonly used in paediatric dental clinic. Aim: To assess the quality, justification and reporting of intraoral radiographs taken by the undergraduates dental students in the paediatric dental clinic. Methods: The folder of 154 paediatric dental patient treated by the 4 th and 5 th year undergraduates dental students during the 2018/19 academic session were retrieved retrospectively from the record unit. The quality of the radiograph was graded as grade 1, grade 2 or grade 3 by two calibrated examiners based on the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) criteria. The justification and reporting of the radiographs were also assessed. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 27 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: A total of 108 radiographs were available for assessment, which consist of 55 bitewings and 53 periapical radiographs. 6.5%, 45.4% and 48.2% of the radiographs taken were graded as grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 respectively. The justification for radiographical investigation were stated in 88.9% of the radiographs, while only 11.1% did not justify. Investigating interproximal caries and periapical status of the teeth were the most common justification for taking bitewings and periapical radiographs respectively. Only 5.6% of the radiographic findings were reported either in the examination and diagnosis form or in the patients' folder, while the remaining 94.44% radiographs were not reported. Conclusion: Majority of the undergraduate dental students took poor quality radiographs which renders the radiograph to be diagnostically unacceptable and failed to record the reporting in the patient's folder. However, majority of the dental students did justify the needs for the radiographic investigation.
Veterinary Medicine International, 2020
Ficus deltoidea has been shown to possess antioxidant properties that could prevent the developme... more Ficus deltoidea has been shown to possess antioxidant properties that could prevent the development of chronic inflammatory bone diseases. In this study, the efficacy of F. deltoidea in preventing alveolar bone resorption in osteoporotic rats induced by ovariectomy (OVX) was investigated. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6) consisting of sham-operated (SO), ovariectomized control (OVXN), ovariectomized treated with estrogen (OVXP), and ovariectomized treated with F. deltoidea extract (OVXF). At the beginning of the study, two nonovariectomized, healthy rats were sacrificed to serve as baseline (BL). Treatment of the rats commenced two weeks after ovariectomy—the OVXP rats that served as positive control received Premarin® (64.5 μg/kg body weight), while OVXF rats were given F. deltoidea (800 mg/kg body weight); both agents were administered orally for two months. The negative control group of rats (OVXN) and the SO group received deionized water, als...
Background Tooth extraction post radiotherapy is one of the most important risk factors of osteor... more Background Tooth extraction post radiotherapy is one of the most important risk factors of osteoradionecrosis of the jawbones. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) which were associated with a dental extraction post radiotherapy. Methods A retrospective analysis of medical records and dental panoramic tomogram (DPT) of patients with a history of head and neck radiotherapy who underwent dental extraction between August 2005 to October 2019 was conducted. Results Seventy-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 16 (21.9%) had ORN post dental extraction and 389 teeth were extracted. 33 sockets (8.5%) developed ORN. Univariate analyses showed significant associations with ORN for the following factors: tooth type, tooth pathology, surgical procedure, primary closure, target volume, total dose, timing of extraction post radiotherapy, bony changes at extraction site and visibility of lower and upper cortical line of mandibular can...
Sains Malaysiana, 2013
Bacteriocin or Bacteriocin like inhibitory substances (BLIS) is a protein antibiotic that has a r... more Bacteriocin or Bacteriocin like inhibitory substances (BLIS) is a protein antibiotic that has a relatively narrow spectrum of killing activity. It could potentially serve as a natural alternative to antibiotics in reducing the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial activity of the strains of Lactobacillus sp. isolated from healthy subjects (test strains) against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and other periodontal pathogens (indicator strains) isolated from subgingival plaques of aggressive periodontitis patients were determined by using deferred antagonism test and agar-well diffusion method. Strains of Lactobacillus sp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteria were selectively isolated from TJA, TSBV and TSBA agars, respectively. Mean diameter zone of inhibition of at least 10 mm was considered as positive results for both methods. Out of 25 strains of Lactobacillus sp. screened, only eight test strains of Lactobacillus sp. sh...
Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science, 2020
An incidental finding of a radiopaque lesion on the mandible on a routine orthopantomogram taken ... more An incidental finding of a radiopaque lesion on the mandible on a routine orthopantomogram taken before orthodontic treatment had triggered an alarm to the orthodontist. The opacity of lesion showed that it was composed of a dense bone and the lesion presented in the pathway of planned orthodontic tooth movement. We report a case of an asymptomatic radiopaque, non-expansive and localized lesion which occurred as an incidental finding upon routine dental panoramic radiograph assessment prior to orthodontic treatment. The radiopaque lesion which was presented in the pathway of planned orthodontic tooth movement had triggered an alarm to the orthodontist. On the basis of dental panoramic radiograph, the lesion was classified as well defined completely opaque lesion (98mmx70mm), located at the right body of mandible between tooth 44 and tooth 45 and did not attach to these teeth in adjacent to it (with continuous periodontal space separating the roots from the lesion). Nevertheless, the...
Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reject rate of periapical and bitewing radiographs amon... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the reject rate of periapical and bitewing radiographs among dental undergraduate students of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), identify the type of radiographic errors which are frequently encountered and compare reject rates between Year 3, Year 4 and Year 5 dental undergraduates. 118 rejected periapical radiographs and 27 rejected bitewing radiographs were collected from the UKM dental undergraduates’ polyclinics for a duration of 10 months. These rejected radiographs were further evaluated to determine the type of radiographic error. A spiking increase in periapical radiographs reject rate from Year 3 (4%) to Year 4 (11%) was observed. This finding was consistent with the statistically significant difference in the periapical radiographs reject rates for Year 3 and Year 4 ( p = 0.0475). In periapical radiographs, the most frequently committed radiographic error was apical cut, followed by high density film. Vice versa, high density film...
Sains Malaysiana, 2017
Cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT) has been useful in providing insights of relevant anatomy pr... more Cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT) has been useful in providing insights of relevant anatomy prior to surgical procedures, including the assessment of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar to the inferior-alveolar-canal (IAC). It is important to understand the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the assessment of this criterion since it is more commonly used as first line radiographic approach due to its availability and lower radiation dose. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the evaluation of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar root tip to the IAC by correlating the results with CBCT. A total of 65 root tips of impacted mandibular-third-molars that had both panoramic radiographs and CBCT images were included in this retrospective study. Two trained observers participated in all image evaluations. A prepared standard 1 cm ruler was used to measure the proximity of the third-molar root api...
Medicine & Health, Dec 22, 2017
Teknik 'bisecting-angle' merupakan satu kaedah yang digunakan bagi menambah baik keselesaan pesak... more Teknik 'bisecting-angle' merupakan satu kaedah yang digunakan bagi menambah baik keselesaan pesakit semasa radiografi periapikal. Kebiasaannya, teknik ini dilakukan tanpa menggunakan alat sasaran sinar-X dan sering kali mengakibatkan ralat pada radiograf pergigian. Penggunaan penanda luaran sebagai alat bantuan bagi mensasarkan sinar-X di dalam teknik 'bisecting-angle' adalah berpotensi bagi mengurangkan ralat radiograf berkenaan. Dalam kajian ini, 240 radiograf periapikal diambil oleh pelajar sarjana muda pergigian dengan menggunakan 3 jenis teknik radiograf periapikal. Teknik-teknik ini adalah teknik 'bisecting-angle' (BAT), teknik 'bisecting-angle' dengan menggunakan penanda luaran (BAT-M) dan teknik 'paralleling' (PT). Setiap radiograf yang diambil, seterusnya dinilai dan ralat yang terdapat pada radiograf diklasifikasikan dan dijadualkan mengikut jenis dan bilangan ralat radiograf yang berlaku. Analisis statistik yang lebih terperinci turut dilakukan bagi membandingkan jumlah bilangan ralat radiograf yang melibatkan ketiga-tiga teknik berkenaan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan salah satu ralat radiograf yang sering terjadi dengan BAT adalah ralat potongan kon (13.8%). Ralat ini didapati berkurangan kepada 1.3% dan 2.5% dengan pelaksanaan BAT-M dan PT, masing-masing. Jumlah keseluruhan ralat radiograf juga didapati jauh lebih kecil dengan BAT-M berbanding BAT, p <0.05.
Oral Radiology, 2017
The most conspicuous element of Gorham&#39;s disease is its radiographic features, wherein ma... more The most conspicuous element of Gorham&#39;s disease is its radiographic features, wherein massive disappearance of the mandible is observed. We report a case of an adolescent boy with massive osteolysis of the mandible in whom the diagnosis of Gorham&#39;s disease was made. A 14-year-old boy was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, for the management of a massive mandibular deformity. He was diagnosed with a hemangioma-like lesion at 1 year of age. The disease had progressed for an unknown number of years. Plain X-rays and computed tomography images were examined for reconstructive surgery planning. Gorham&#39;s disease is self-limiting, but has catastrophic results. The role of imaging is huge, particularly for reconstructive surgery planning.
Bacteriocin or Bacteriocin like inhibitory substances (BLIS) is a protein antibiotic that has a r... more Bacteriocin or Bacteriocin like inhibitory substances (BLIS) is a protein antibiotic that has a relatively narrow spectrum of killing activity. It could potentially serve as a natural alternative to antibiotics in reducing the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial activity of the strains of lactobacillus sp. isolated from healthy subjects (test strains) against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and other periodontal pathogens (indicator strains) isolated from subgingival plaques of aggressive periodontitis patients were determined by using deferred antagonism test and agar-well diffusion method. Strains of lactobacillus sp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and black pigmented bacteria were selectively isolated from TJA, TSBV and TSBA agars, respectively. Mean diameter zone of inhibition of at least 10 mm was considered as positive results for both methods. Out of 25 strains of lactobacillus sp. screened, only eight test strains of lactobacillus sp. showed the specific antimicrobial activity against certain strains of indicator periodontal pathogens during deferred antagonism test. However, out of eight potential strains, only three strains, which were lactobacillus sp. strain S, lactobacillus sp. strain V and lactobacillus sp. strain W consistently showed positive inhibitory activity against black pigmented bacteria by deferred antagonism test and agar-well diffusion method. Therefore, these three strains should be considered as potential BLIS producer strains for further study. ABSTrAK Bakteriosin atau bahan perencat seakan bakteriosin (BLIS) merupakan protein antibiotik yang mempunyai medan aktiviti pembunuhan yang sempit. Ia berpotensi sebagai produk alternatif antibiotik semula jadi dalam mengurangkan peningkatan bakteria yang rentan terhadap pelbagai dadah. Aktiviti antimikrob strain lactobacillus sp. yang dipencilkan daripada subjek sihat (strain ujian) terhadap strain Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan pathogen gusi yang lain (strain penentu) yang dipencilkan daripada plak subgingiva pesakit periodontitis agresif ditentukan dengan menggunakan kaedah ujian penentangan tertangguh dan resapan telaga-agar. Strain lactobacillus sp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans dan bakteria pigmen hitam telah dipencilkan secara terpilih pada agar TJA, TSBV dan TSBA. Purata diameter zon perencatan yang lebih atau sama dengan 10 mm merupakan hasil positif bagi kedua-dua kaedah. Sebanyak 25 strain lactobacillus sp. telah dikaji, namun hanya lapan strain ujian lactobacillus sp. telah menunjukkan aktiviti antimikrob yang spesifik terhadap strain pathogen gusi tertentu semasa ujian penentangan tertangguh. Walau bagaimanapun, daripada lapan strain yang berpotensi tersebut, hanya tiga strain iaitu lactobacillus sp. strain S, lactobacillus sp. strain V and lactobacillus sp. strain W secara tetap telah menunjukkan aktiviti perencatan yang positif terhadap bakteria pigmen hitam menggunakan kaedah ujian penetangan tertangguh dan resapan telaga-agar. Oleh yang demikian, ketiga-tiga strain tersebut seharusnya dianggap berpotensi sebagai penghasil BLIS untuk kajian lanjut. Kata kunci: Aktiviti antimikrob; lactobacillus sp.; patogen gusi; subjek dengan gusi sihat
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Introduction: Panoramic markers are the indicators which can be demonstrated in panoramic radiogr... more Introduction: Panoramic markers are the indicators which can be demonstrated in panoramic radiograph to aid in dental diagnosis. Several panoramic markers were developed as diagnostic approach to predict Mandibular Canal (MC) exposure by Impacted Mandibular Third Molar (IMTM). Aim: To evaluate the type and number of panoramic markers in panoramic radiographs. To evaluate presence or abscence of mandibular canal exposure by impacted mandibular third molar from cone beam computed tomography images. To relate the type and number of panoramic marker with the risk of mandibular canal exposure by impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and Methods: The design of this study was a retrospective cross-sectional. A total of 188 panoramic radiographs of IMTMs were analysed initially to determine the type and number of panoramic radiological markers. A panoramic radiological marker would suggest an increased risk of MC exposure by IMTM when there was presence of MC exposure sign from the associated Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image. The presence of MC exposure sign in the CBCT image was characterised by a disruption in the radiopaque cortex of MC by IMTM. A modification of the original classification of panoramic markers by Rood and Shehab (1990) was performed and used to determine the type of markers present. Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between the panoramic radiological markers and the MC exposure. Results: Markers such as interruption of the white line posterior to the third molar tooth (OR 2.74, p=0.02) and interruption of the white line anterior to the third molar tooth (OR 2.65, p=0.01) showed increased involvement with the risk of MC exposure. Presentation of more than two markers on the panoramic radiograph was also found to be significantly associated with high risk of the MC exposure, with the odds of 2.14 (p=0.04). Conclusion: Presence of panoramic markers involving the interruption of white line both anterior and posterior to the IMTM poses high involvement of the MC exposure.
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Papers by Azizah Ahmad Fauzi