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Sohail Aslam

University of Engineering & Technology Lahore, Pakistan, Electrical Engineering, Emeritus

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ASHA S H A B A N I RIPANDA

The University of Dodoma, Tanzania

Technological University Dublin, Ireland

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University of Khartoum

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Papers by Sohail Aslam

Heavy Metal (Arsenic) Induced Antibiotic Resistance among Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria of Nosocomial Origin

Pharmaceuticals

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a leading cause of treatment failure for many infectious diseas... more Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a leading cause of treatment failure for many infectious diseases worldwide. Improper overdosing and the misuse of antibiotics contributes significantly to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. The co-contamination of heavy metals and antibiotic compounds existing in the environment might also be involved in the spread of AMR. The current study was designed to test the efficacy of heavy metals (arsenic) induced AMR patterns in clinically isolated extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria. A total of 300 clinically isolated ESBL-producing bacteria were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, with the demographic characteristics of patients. After the collection of bacterial isolates, these were reinoculated on agar media for reidentification purposes. Direct antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST) for bacterial isolates by disk diffusion methods was used to determine the AST patterns with and without heavy metal...

Assessment of Hearing Loss by Audiometry - Our Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To analyze the results of pure tone audiometry in the terms of age, sex, and type of h... more Objective: To analyze the results of pure tone audiometry in the terms of age, sex, and type of hearing loss attending the hospital with the complaint of hearing loss. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, patients attending Benazir Bhutto hospital with complaints of hearing loss were included. The data analysis was done under the terms of age, sex and unilateral/bilateral, and type of loss after pure tone audiometry of every case. The type of hearing loss was determined as conductive, SNHL, and mixed hearing loss.Results: There were 47 patients. Males were 34 (72.34%) outnumbering13females 13(27.66). Adults were44 (93.61%) and children were 3(6.34%). Mixed hearing loss was28 (59.57%)% compared to conductive hearing loss 15 (31.91) and SNHL4 (8.51%). Conclusion: Hearing loss is more common in adults and more prevalent in males. It is mostly bilateral. Mixed hearing loss is more common as compared to conductive and SNHL respectively. Sociacusis is to be taken seriously.

Empirical Investigation of Work-Related Social Media Usage and Social-Related Social Media Usage on Employees’ Work Performance

Behavioral Sciences

The trend of using social media in the workplace is now becoming ubiquitous. Along witbenefits, s... more The trend of using social media in the workplace is now becoming ubiquitous. Along witbenefits, social media also has negative consequences. Employees use social media for both work and social purposes. Therefore, using a quantitative approach, this study explores the impact of work-related social media usage and social-related social media usage on employees’ work performance. This study also investigates the mediating effect of extra-role behaviors on social media usage (professional and personal purpose) and work performance relationships. We examined survey data of 241 employees working in different organizations with the help of the partial least square (PLS) 3.0 version. Convenience sampling has been used to reach respondents. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that both professional and personal-related social media usage have a positive and significant impact on employees’ work performance. This study also highlighted that extra-role behavior positively and significantly...

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Infections in Hostel Residents of Lahore, Pakistan

American Academic Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, Sep 13, 2021

To maintain our good health, properly functioning gastrointestinal (GIT) track is always consider... more To maintain our good health, properly functioning gastrointestinal (GIT) track is always considered essential. Though in current era, living standards are much improved now but still gut infections are frequently reported around the globe. Because in third world countries, like Pakistan even in big cities people don't have dietary sources of good quality. That's why; a survey of randomly selected 10 hostels was conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal infections among them. The results showed that mostly sufferers fall in age group of 18-28years and among them, females are more than males. Important causative factors for transmission of enteric pathogens are intake of impure water (in 42% cases), unhygienic food (in 18% cases) and blend of these two (in 33% cases) with major symptoms of abdominal discomfort, acid reflux, nausea and vomiting. But still only 19% gastric patients of hostel take proper medication for cure and rest of other are left untreated either due to lack of awareness or financial constraints. So these issues should be seriously addressed by the authorities to control the frequency of GIT infections among hostilities of Lahore, Pakistan.

Changing Trends of Solanum nigrum Based Pharmacognosy

Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 2022

Solanum nigrum is one of the commonly found herb around the globe and contains diverse therapeuti... more Solanum nigrum is one of the commonly found herb around the globe and contains diverse therapeutic along with biological control based potentials. For last few decades, not only aqueous but also other organic solvents based extract have been prepared to obtain maximum benefits of its components to recover external and internal wounds, inflammations, infections, cancer and to control many disorders like cytotoxicity, cardiovascular, hepatic, gastric and enzymatic complications. Moreover, it has been found as effective to reducer aging and an ideal local cost source of phytoremediation. For future progress, its dose and shots optimization should be focused by researchers.

Experience of Doing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis Without Pre-Operative CT-Scan in a Peripheral Hospital

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To determine frequency of our complications of endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-op... more Objective: To determine frequency of our complications of endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-operative CT-Scan and to compare this frequency with other similar studies done with the help of pre-operative CT-Scans. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: ENT Department, Combined Military Hospital Skardu Pakistan, from Jun 2017 to Jun 2019. Methodology: Total 69 patients (116 Sides) were operated under general anesthesia by using 0 and 30 degree endoscopes to address the Maxillary sinusitis. Frequency of complications was compared to other studies by applying chi-square test for goodness of fit. The complications were also correlated to ages of patients by applying Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Mean age was 29.75 ± 10.9 years (range 15-75). Overall complications rate was 4.3% (5 out of 116 sides, 95% confidence interval 4.23-4.4). Peri-orbital ecchymosis and peri-orbital emphysema were most commonly occurring complications (4.3%). This complicatio...

Self Cleaning of Ears by Various Objects Causes Multiple Diseases of External Ear

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To find out the association of multiple diseases of external ear with the use of vario... more Objective: To find out the association of multiple diseases of external ear with the use of various objects and cotton buds. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Ear Nose Throat Department, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Karachi, from Jan to Oct 2020. Methodology: All the patients having multiple diseases of external ear were included as cases. Controls were selected from the healthy volunteers from general populations. Results: Total number of subjects in this study was 140 with the mean age 25.11 ± 11.21 years (2-55 years of age range). Out of them, 82 were male and 58 were female. Odds ratio was 16.07. Conclusion: There is a solid relationship of illnesses of external ear with the utilization of cotton buds. This detrimental practice should be incapacitated by featuring the notice by brands owners of cotton bud and safety instructions at different instructive levels.

Nasopharyngeal Specimen Collection from Suspected COVID-19 Cases, Making the Procedure Safe

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collecti... more Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collection technique for RTPCR and modified technique and the outcome was compared in terms of the proportion of positive results of Rt-PCR tests. Study Design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from June and July 2020. Methodology: This study was a newly developed modified technique for nasopharyngeal sampling for RT-PCR tests of COVID-19 suspects. Target population included all patients who developed COVID-19 related symptoms and/or also had history of recent travel or closed contact with Covid-19 patients. Total 1500 nasopharyngeal PCR tests were done by a team of trained technicians. Systemetic probability sampling technique was utilized. Subjects were divided into two groups by using even and odd serial numbers. Proportion of positive test results were compared between two groups by using chi square te...

Role of Cassia angustifolia in the Treatment of COVID-19 – In Silico Activity of Emodin against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

Background: Coronavirus epidemic has affected wide pulverization throughout the world. There is a... more Background: Coronavirus epidemic has affected wide pulverization throughout the world. There is a plenty of data and falsehood via online media with respect to medications and treatment for it. One of the viral advice now a days is the use of Cassia angustifolia (Senna Makki). Methodology: This was an insilico study to evaluate the efficacy of phytoconstituents of Senna against viral spike protein. Results: After docking several phytoconstituents of Senna using AutoDock 4, Emodin was found to best bind with the viral spike protein. Conclusion: Emodin shows great binding capacity with the SARS-CoronaV-2 spike protein and it has feasible pharmacokinetic properties to be used as a drug. Thus, we can infer that Emodin might be helpful for the management of COVID-19. Additional studies and trials are required to assess their actions.

The Ichthyofauna of Ghol dam Bahadar Khel at District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2016

The present preliminary study was undertaken from January through March 2016, to find out the Ich... more The present preliminary study was undertaken from January through March 2016, to find out the Ichthyofauna of Ghol dam Bahadar Khel at District Karak. Different types of nets and hooks were used for collecting fishes. During the study period, six edible fish species were identified including Catla catla Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo rohita, Oreochromis niloticus, Tor tor, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. The result of the present study revealed that Ghol dam is having rich edible fish fauna and if proper stocking is carried out, it can harbor more fish quantity and species.

Field observations on the incidence of Ants fauna (Hymenoptera) of Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

Present investigations was undertaken to know the species incidence of the ant fauna in the Distr... more Present investigations was undertaken to know the species incidence of the ant fauna in the District Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 850 specimens of ant (Insecta: Hymenoptera) belonging to 2 subfamilies Myrmicinae and Camponotinae, 12 genera and 17 species were recorded during the study period. On the basis of maximum species Myrmicinae was the dominant family with 12 species Aphaenogaster longipes, Atopomyrmex ceylonicus, Crematogaster rothneyi, C. subnuda, Monomorium fossulatum, M. longi, Strumigenys feae, Holcomyrmex glaber, H. scabriceps, Phidole nietneri, P. mus and P. narojii. While Subfamily Camponotinae comprising only 5 species Acantho lepis, Formica sanguinea, Lasius alienus, Polyrachis hodgsoni and Camponotus compressus respectively. Subfamily Myrmicinae constituting 71% of the total number of individuals of ants followed by subfamily Camponotinae constituting 29% of the total number of individuals of ants.

Sustainable Model: Recommendations for Water Conservation Strategies in a Developing Country Through a Psychosocial Wellness Program

Water, 2021

Human industrial activities are bringing physiochemical changes to the land, air, and seas and le... more Human industrial activities are bringing physiochemical changes to the land, air, and seas and leading towards more uncertain climate changes, like drought, thunderstorms, and heat waves. This has resulted in water scarcity because of overexploitation of water resources. It is therefore imperative to develop effective conservation programs that consider the factors that affect the decisions of people with regard to water conservation and sustainable activities. This study considered the perspective of a developing country and explored the impact of three psychosocial factors, i.e., subjective happiness, perceived stress, and personal well-being, on individuals’ current and future intentions to conserve water. A sample of 304 respondents was collected via a self-administered questionnaire containing measures of demographic characteristics, psychological factors, and current and future water conservation behavior. The data were collected online as well as through hard copies. Correlat...

Identification of Fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The current research was undertaken to investigate fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi site Khyber... more The current research was undertaken to investigate fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi site Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from March, 2013 to February, 2016. Fishes were collected with the help of various fish gars like cast net, gill net and drag net, etc. The identified fish species belong to one class Actinopterygii, three 3 Orders Cypriniformes, Synbranchiformes and Suliriformes, 4 Families Cyprinidae, Siluridae, Bagridae and Mastacembelidae, 5 Genera’s and 5 Species respectively. In the present study Cyprinidae was the richest Family which was represented by 2 Species while Siluridae, Bagridae and Mastacembelidae comprising only one species each. From the current survey, it can be concluded that River Dor at Dobandi site are very good habitat for fish fauna.

Effect of different pruning times on the yield of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) under the climatic conditions of Mansehra-Pakistan

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2014

This experiment was conducted at National Tea Research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra-Pakistan du... more This experiment was conducted at National Tea Research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra-Pakistan during 2010-11 with the objectives to find out the most suitable time for pruning of tea to get high production of fresh tea leaves. Mature tea bushes of Qi-men variety were top pruned manually with shears on 10 November, 10 December, 2010, 10 January, 10 February, and 10 March, 2011 with one month interval. November, December and January pruning recorded the 1 plucking on 3 May, 2011 while the first plucking in the tea bushes pruned during March, 2011 was obtained on 13 h May 2011 with ten days delay as compared to early pruning. Pruning in December gave 3403 and 3292 kg more fresh tea leaves production ha as compared to March and February pruning, respectively. A gradual decline was observed in plucking density points, shoot growth, fresh tea leaves yield and black tea production in plots pruned after December. It was found that the tea bushes pruned on 10 December, 2010 recorded signifi...

Frequency of Mutations in The GnRH Receptor Gene in Pakistani Patients With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2015

The hypothalamic gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator in normal puberty, sexu... more The hypothalamic gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator in normal puberty, sexual development and function. The proper binding of GnRH to its receptor, GNRHR, is necessary for normal secretion of gonadotropins. The deficiency in release or action of GnRH leads to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) characterized by low follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) and results in absent or impaired sexual development at puberty. There are about 20 genes identified as possible regulator of puberty. The mutations in GNRH1 and GNRHR are possible causes of HH. The present study was designed to identify mutations in GNRH1 and GNRHR genes and their correlation with HH in Pakistani girls. Fifty two HH patients and fifty two age matched controls were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using specific primers for GNRH1 and GNRHR exons. Mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. No mutation was identified i...

A study of mosquito fauna of Amin Khel district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

International Journal of Mosquito Research, 2017

A research plan was conducted to determine the mosquito fauna of District Amin Khel District Kara... more A research plan was conducted to determine the mosquito fauna of District Amin Khel District Karak during 2013 to 2016. The mosquito species collected and identified belongs to one Class Insecta; one Order Diptera; one Family Culicidae; three genera Culex, Anopheles and Aedes; five species respectively. The five species were Culex quinquefasciatus, C. theileri, Anopheles maculates, A. annularis and Aedes albopictus respectively. The results revealed that Genus Culex and Anopheles comprising two species each, while the Genus Aedes consisting only one specie. The present results might be helpful in devising pest management techniques against the mosquito species of Amin Khel District Karak.

Annual prevalence of HRV and its genotypes in Asia, review

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2016

Human rhinovirus is the major pathogen among all age groups causing common cold and can be associ... more Human rhinovirus is the major pathogen among all age groups causing common cold and can be associated with severe infections like asthma, pneumonia, wheezing which may lead to hospitalization. Phylogenetic analysis has led to the classification of human rhinovirus into three genotypes i-e HRV-A, HRV-B and HRV-C. These genotypes have different biological properties, clinical outcome and provide information for studying the epidemiology and pathogenesis. This review article characterizes the distribution of HRV and its genotypes for the first time in Asia. 94 published articles (2005-2015) related to HRV and its genotypes in Asia were searched. Children were more infected with HRV in Asia than in any other age group. HRV is the main agent causing acute respiratory infections in Asian countries, responsible for mild to severe respiratory infections in all age groups, particularly in children. Effective preventive measures are needed on urgent basis to control the disease burden.

Current status of ichthyofauna at Khaki site, River Siran Mansehra Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

A study was conducted on Khaki site at River Siran, to find out fish fauna of Order Cypriniformes... more A study was conducted on Khaki site at River Siran, to find out fish fauna of Order Cypriniformes, family Cyprinidae from February 2013 to March 2016. During the study a total 16 different species were collected and identified up to species level that belongs to order Cypriniformes and family Cyprinidae the identified 16 species were C. carpio, C. catla, C. mrigala, L. rohita, L. caeruleus, H. molitrix, H. nobalis, S. plagiostomous, S. esocinus, S. labiatus, T. putitora, G. gotyla, P. sophore, P. ticto, B. vagra and B. pakistanicus respectively. Genus Schizothorax is the rich one, because it contains the highest number of species S. plagiostomus, S. esocinus and S. labiatus respectively. From the obtained study, it may be concluded that Khaki Site at River Siran having rich Cyprinidae fauna.

Impact of SOD2, PNPLA3, ABCC1, CBR1 And ABCG2 Variants Upon Toxicities of Induction Therapy In Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Chemotherapy related toxicities have been the major factor limiting the success of acute lymphobl... more Chemotherapy related toxicities have been the major factor limiting the success of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) induction therapy. Several factors, including the pharmacogenetics of asparagenase and anthracyclines, could contribute to difference in treatment outcome in ALL. We investigated the significance of variations in genes that are involved in hepatic toxicity and cardiotoxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Genotyping of SOD2 (rs4880), PNPL3 (rs738409) and ABCC1 (rs4148350), CBR1 (rs9024) and ABCG2 (rs2231142) was performed by Tetra-ARMS PCR-based technique to evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlation. Our results showed only the minor allele G of SOD2 rs4880 increase the risk of hepatic toxicity [OR=2.63 (1.42-4.84), P=

Association of MMP9 Polymorphism With Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common type of coronary heart disease characterized by pai... more Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common type of coronary heart disease characterized by pain, nausea, sweating, shortness of breath and abnormal heartbeat. Current study was conducted to identify the susceptibility of the MMP-9 gene among families affected with myocardial infarction in the Pakistani population. A family clustering study based on 5 families having MI patients was conducted. Blood samples from MI patients and their family members were collected for further genetic analysis. Patients were with a mean BMI of ±30.2 kg/m2 which indicates that obese were at high risk of disease development. The mean age for diagnosis of disease was ±50 years, in which all patients had a positive family history. Most patients were diabetic with hypertension, most of them were smokers and their exposure to air pollution was higher. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood through manual extraction. Primers were optimized and genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which w...

Heavy Metal (Arsenic) Induced Antibiotic Resistance among Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria of Nosocomial Origin

Pharmaceuticals

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a leading cause of treatment failure for many infectious diseas... more Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a leading cause of treatment failure for many infectious diseases worldwide. Improper overdosing and the misuse of antibiotics contributes significantly to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. The co-contamination of heavy metals and antibiotic compounds existing in the environment might also be involved in the spread of AMR. The current study was designed to test the efficacy of heavy metals (arsenic) induced AMR patterns in clinically isolated extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria. A total of 300 clinically isolated ESBL-producing bacteria were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, with the demographic characteristics of patients. After the collection of bacterial isolates, these were reinoculated on agar media for reidentification purposes. Direct antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST) for bacterial isolates by disk diffusion methods was used to determine the AST patterns with and without heavy metal...

Assessment of Hearing Loss by Audiometry - Our Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To analyze the results of pure tone audiometry in the terms of age, sex, and type of h... more Objective: To analyze the results of pure tone audiometry in the terms of age, sex, and type of hearing loss attending the hospital with the complaint of hearing loss. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, patients attending Benazir Bhutto hospital with complaints of hearing loss were included. The data analysis was done under the terms of age, sex and unilateral/bilateral, and type of loss after pure tone audiometry of every case. The type of hearing loss was determined as conductive, SNHL, and mixed hearing loss.Results: There were 47 patients. Males were 34 (72.34%) outnumbering13females 13(27.66). Adults were44 (93.61%) and children were 3(6.34%). Mixed hearing loss was28 (59.57%)% compared to conductive hearing loss 15 (31.91) and SNHL4 (8.51%). Conclusion: Hearing loss is more common in adults and more prevalent in males. It is mostly bilateral. Mixed hearing loss is more common as compared to conductive and SNHL respectively. Sociacusis is to be taken seriously.

Empirical Investigation of Work-Related Social Media Usage and Social-Related Social Media Usage on Employees’ Work Performance

Behavioral Sciences

The trend of using social media in the workplace is now becoming ubiquitous. Along witbenefits, s... more The trend of using social media in the workplace is now becoming ubiquitous. Along witbenefits, social media also has negative consequences. Employees use social media for both work and social purposes. Therefore, using a quantitative approach, this study explores the impact of work-related social media usage and social-related social media usage on employees’ work performance. This study also investigates the mediating effect of extra-role behaviors on social media usage (professional and personal purpose) and work performance relationships. We examined survey data of 241 employees working in different organizations with the help of the partial least square (PLS) 3.0 version. Convenience sampling has been used to reach respondents. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that both professional and personal-related social media usage have a positive and significant impact on employees’ work performance. This study also highlighted that extra-role behavior positively and significantly...

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Infections in Hostel Residents of Lahore, Pakistan

American Academic Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, Sep 13, 2021

To maintain our good health, properly functioning gastrointestinal (GIT) track is always consider... more To maintain our good health, properly functioning gastrointestinal (GIT) track is always considered essential. Though in current era, living standards are much improved now but still gut infections are frequently reported around the globe. Because in third world countries, like Pakistan even in big cities people don't have dietary sources of good quality. That's why; a survey of randomly selected 10 hostels was conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal infections among them. The results showed that mostly sufferers fall in age group of 18-28years and among them, females are more than males. Important causative factors for transmission of enteric pathogens are intake of impure water (in 42% cases), unhygienic food (in 18% cases) and blend of these two (in 33% cases) with major symptoms of abdominal discomfort, acid reflux, nausea and vomiting. But still only 19% gastric patients of hostel take proper medication for cure and rest of other are left untreated either due to lack of awareness or financial constraints. So these issues should be seriously addressed by the authorities to control the frequency of GIT infections among hostilities of Lahore, Pakistan.

Changing Trends of Solanum nigrum Based Pharmacognosy

Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 2022

Solanum nigrum is one of the commonly found herb around the globe and contains diverse therapeuti... more Solanum nigrum is one of the commonly found herb around the globe and contains diverse therapeutic along with biological control based potentials. For last few decades, not only aqueous but also other organic solvents based extract have been prepared to obtain maximum benefits of its components to recover external and internal wounds, inflammations, infections, cancer and to control many disorders like cytotoxicity, cardiovascular, hepatic, gastric and enzymatic complications. Moreover, it has been found as effective to reducer aging and an ideal local cost source of phytoremediation. For future progress, its dose and shots optimization should be focused by researchers.

Experience of Doing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis Without Pre-Operative CT-Scan in a Peripheral Hospital

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To determine frequency of our complications of endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-op... more Objective: To determine frequency of our complications of endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-operative CT-Scan and to compare this frequency with other similar studies done with the help of pre-operative CT-Scans. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: ENT Department, Combined Military Hospital Skardu Pakistan, from Jun 2017 to Jun 2019. Methodology: Total 69 patients (116 Sides) were operated under general anesthesia by using 0 and 30 degree endoscopes to address the Maxillary sinusitis. Frequency of complications was compared to other studies by applying chi-square test for goodness of fit. The complications were also correlated to ages of patients by applying Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Mean age was 29.75 ± 10.9 years (range 15-75). Overall complications rate was 4.3% (5 out of 116 sides, 95% confidence interval 4.23-4.4). Peri-orbital ecchymosis and peri-orbital emphysema were most commonly occurring complications (4.3%). This complicatio...

Self Cleaning of Ears by Various Objects Causes Multiple Diseases of External Ear

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To find out the association of multiple diseases of external ear with the use of vario... more Objective: To find out the association of multiple diseases of external ear with the use of various objects and cotton buds. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Ear Nose Throat Department, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Karachi, from Jan to Oct 2020. Methodology: All the patients having multiple diseases of external ear were included as cases. Controls were selected from the healthy volunteers from general populations. Results: Total number of subjects in this study was 140 with the mean age 25.11 ± 11.21 years (2-55 years of age range). Out of them, 82 were male and 58 were female. Odds ratio was 16.07. Conclusion: There is a solid relationship of illnesses of external ear with the utilization of cotton buds. This detrimental practice should be incapacitated by featuring the notice by brands owners of cotton bud and safety instructions at different instructive levels.

Nasopharyngeal Specimen Collection from Suspected COVID-19 Cases, Making the Procedure Safe

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collecti... more Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collection technique for RTPCR and modified technique and the outcome was compared in terms of the proportion of positive results of Rt-PCR tests. Study Design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from June and July 2020. Methodology: This study was a newly developed modified technique for nasopharyngeal sampling for RT-PCR tests of COVID-19 suspects. Target population included all patients who developed COVID-19 related symptoms and/or also had history of recent travel or closed contact with Covid-19 patients. Total 1500 nasopharyngeal PCR tests were done by a team of trained technicians. Systemetic probability sampling technique was utilized. Subjects were divided into two groups by using even and odd serial numbers. Proportion of positive test results were compared between two groups by using chi square te...

Role of Cassia angustifolia in the Treatment of COVID-19 – In Silico Activity of Emodin against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

Background: Coronavirus epidemic has affected wide pulverization throughout the world. There is a... more Background: Coronavirus epidemic has affected wide pulverization throughout the world. There is a plenty of data and falsehood via online media with respect to medications and treatment for it. One of the viral advice now a days is the use of Cassia angustifolia (Senna Makki). Methodology: This was an insilico study to evaluate the efficacy of phytoconstituents of Senna against viral spike protein. Results: After docking several phytoconstituents of Senna using AutoDock 4, Emodin was found to best bind with the viral spike protein. Conclusion: Emodin shows great binding capacity with the SARS-CoronaV-2 spike protein and it has feasible pharmacokinetic properties to be used as a drug. Thus, we can infer that Emodin might be helpful for the management of COVID-19. Additional studies and trials are required to assess their actions.

The Ichthyofauna of Ghol dam Bahadar Khel at District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2016

The present preliminary study was undertaken from January through March 2016, to find out the Ich... more The present preliminary study was undertaken from January through March 2016, to find out the Ichthyofauna of Ghol dam Bahadar Khel at District Karak. Different types of nets and hooks were used for collecting fishes. During the study period, six edible fish species were identified including Catla catla Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo rohita, Oreochromis niloticus, Tor tor, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. The result of the present study revealed that Ghol dam is having rich edible fish fauna and if proper stocking is carried out, it can harbor more fish quantity and species.

Field observations on the incidence of Ants fauna (Hymenoptera) of Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

Present investigations was undertaken to know the species incidence of the ant fauna in the Distr... more Present investigations was undertaken to know the species incidence of the ant fauna in the District Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 850 specimens of ant (Insecta: Hymenoptera) belonging to 2 subfamilies Myrmicinae and Camponotinae, 12 genera and 17 species were recorded during the study period. On the basis of maximum species Myrmicinae was the dominant family with 12 species Aphaenogaster longipes, Atopomyrmex ceylonicus, Crematogaster rothneyi, C. subnuda, Monomorium fossulatum, M. longi, Strumigenys feae, Holcomyrmex glaber, H. scabriceps, Phidole nietneri, P. mus and P. narojii. While Subfamily Camponotinae comprising only 5 species Acantho lepis, Formica sanguinea, Lasius alienus, Polyrachis hodgsoni and Camponotus compressus respectively. Subfamily Myrmicinae constituting 71% of the total number of individuals of ants followed by subfamily Camponotinae constituting 29% of the total number of individuals of ants.

Sustainable Model: Recommendations for Water Conservation Strategies in a Developing Country Through a Psychosocial Wellness Program

Water, 2021

Human industrial activities are bringing physiochemical changes to the land, air, and seas and le... more Human industrial activities are bringing physiochemical changes to the land, air, and seas and leading towards more uncertain climate changes, like drought, thunderstorms, and heat waves. This has resulted in water scarcity because of overexploitation of water resources. It is therefore imperative to develop effective conservation programs that consider the factors that affect the decisions of people with regard to water conservation and sustainable activities. This study considered the perspective of a developing country and explored the impact of three psychosocial factors, i.e., subjective happiness, perceived stress, and personal well-being, on individuals’ current and future intentions to conserve water. A sample of 304 respondents was collected via a self-administered questionnaire containing measures of demographic characteristics, psychological factors, and current and future water conservation behavior. The data were collected online as well as through hard copies. Correlat...

Identification of Fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The current research was undertaken to investigate fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi site Khyber... more The current research was undertaken to investigate fish fauna in River Dor at Dobandi site Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from March, 2013 to February, 2016. Fishes were collected with the help of various fish gars like cast net, gill net and drag net, etc. The identified fish species belong to one class Actinopterygii, three 3 Orders Cypriniformes, Synbranchiformes and Suliriformes, 4 Families Cyprinidae, Siluridae, Bagridae and Mastacembelidae, 5 Genera’s and 5 Species respectively. In the present study Cyprinidae was the richest Family which was represented by 2 Species while Siluridae, Bagridae and Mastacembelidae comprising only one species each. From the current survey, it can be concluded that River Dor at Dobandi site are very good habitat for fish fauna.

Effect of different pruning times on the yield of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) under the climatic conditions of Mansehra-Pakistan

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2014

This experiment was conducted at National Tea Research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra-Pakistan du... more This experiment was conducted at National Tea Research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra-Pakistan during 2010-11 with the objectives to find out the most suitable time for pruning of tea to get high production of fresh tea leaves. Mature tea bushes of Qi-men variety were top pruned manually with shears on 10 November, 10 December, 2010, 10 January, 10 February, and 10 March, 2011 with one month interval. November, December and January pruning recorded the 1 plucking on 3 May, 2011 while the first plucking in the tea bushes pruned during March, 2011 was obtained on 13 h May 2011 with ten days delay as compared to early pruning. Pruning in December gave 3403 and 3292 kg more fresh tea leaves production ha as compared to March and February pruning, respectively. A gradual decline was observed in plucking density points, shoot growth, fresh tea leaves yield and black tea production in plots pruned after December. It was found that the tea bushes pruned on 10 December, 2010 recorded signifi...

Frequency of Mutations in The GnRH Receptor Gene in Pakistani Patients With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2015

The hypothalamic gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator in normal puberty, sexu... more The hypothalamic gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator in normal puberty, sexual development and function. The proper binding of GnRH to its receptor, GNRHR, is necessary for normal secretion of gonadotropins. The deficiency in release or action of GnRH leads to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) characterized by low follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) and results in absent or impaired sexual development at puberty. There are about 20 genes identified as possible regulator of puberty. The mutations in GNRH1 and GNRHR are possible causes of HH. The present study was designed to identify mutations in GNRH1 and GNRHR genes and their correlation with HH in Pakistani girls. Fifty two HH patients and fifty two age matched controls were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using specific primers for GNRH1 and GNRHR exons. Mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. No mutation was identified i...

A study of mosquito fauna of Amin Khel district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

International Journal of Mosquito Research, 2017

A research plan was conducted to determine the mosquito fauna of District Amin Khel District Kara... more A research plan was conducted to determine the mosquito fauna of District Amin Khel District Karak during 2013 to 2016. The mosquito species collected and identified belongs to one Class Insecta; one Order Diptera; one Family Culicidae; three genera Culex, Anopheles and Aedes; five species respectively. The five species were Culex quinquefasciatus, C. theileri, Anopheles maculates, A. annularis and Aedes albopictus respectively. The results revealed that Genus Culex and Anopheles comprising two species each, while the Genus Aedes consisting only one specie. The present results might be helpful in devising pest management techniques against the mosquito species of Amin Khel District Karak.

Annual prevalence of HRV and its genotypes in Asia, review

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2016

Human rhinovirus is the major pathogen among all age groups causing common cold and can be associ... more Human rhinovirus is the major pathogen among all age groups causing common cold and can be associated with severe infections like asthma, pneumonia, wheezing which may lead to hospitalization. Phylogenetic analysis has led to the classification of human rhinovirus into three genotypes i-e HRV-A, HRV-B and HRV-C. These genotypes have different biological properties, clinical outcome and provide information for studying the epidemiology and pathogenesis. This review article characterizes the distribution of HRV and its genotypes for the first time in Asia. 94 published articles (2005-2015) related to HRV and its genotypes in Asia were searched. Children were more infected with HRV in Asia than in any other age group. HRV is the main agent causing acute respiratory infections in Asian countries, responsible for mild to severe respiratory infections in all age groups, particularly in children. Effective preventive measures are needed on urgent basis to control the disease burden.

Current status of ichthyofauna at Khaki site, River Siran Mansehra Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

A study was conducted on Khaki site at River Siran, to find out fish fauna of Order Cypriniformes... more A study was conducted on Khaki site at River Siran, to find out fish fauna of Order Cypriniformes, family Cyprinidae from February 2013 to March 2016. During the study a total 16 different species were collected and identified up to species level that belongs to order Cypriniformes and family Cyprinidae the identified 16 species were C. carpio, C. catla, C. mrigala, L. rohita, L. caeruleus, H. molitrix, H. nobalis, S. plagiostomous, S. esocinus, S. labiatus, T. putitora, G. gotyla, P. sophore, P. ticto, B. vagra and B. pakistanicus respectively. Genus Schizothorax is the rich one, because it contains the highest number of species S. plagiostomus, S. esocinus and S. labiatus respectively. From the obtained study, it may be concluded that Khaki Site at River Siran having rich Cyprinidae fauna.

Impact of SOD2, PNPLA3, ABCC1, CBR1 And ABCG2 Variants Upon Toxicities of Induction Therapy In Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Chemotherapy related toxicities have been the major factor limiting the success of acute lymphobl... more Chemotherapy related toxicities have been the major factor limiting the success of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) induction therapy. Several factors, including the pharmacogenetics of asparagenase and anthracyclines, could contribute to difference in treatment outcome in ALL. We investigated the significance of variations in genes that are involved in hepatic toxicity and cardiotoxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Genotyping of SOD2 (rs4880), PNPL3 (rs738409) and ABCC1 (rs4148350), CBR1 (rs9024) and ABCG2 (rs2231142) was performed by Tetra-ARMS PCR-based technique to evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlation. Our results showed only the minor allele G of SOD2 rs4880 increase the risk of hepatic toxicity [OR=2.63 (1.42-4.84), P=

Association of MMP9 Polymorphism With Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common type of coronary heart disease characterized by pai... more Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common type of coronary heart disease characterized by pain, nausea, sweating, shortness of breath and abnormal heartbeat. Current study was conducted to identify the susceptibility of the MMP-9 gene among families affected with myocardial infarction in the Pakistani population. A family clustering study based on 5 families having MI patients was conducted. Blood samples from MI patients and their family members were collected for further genetic analysis. Patients were with a mean BMI of ±30.2 kg/m2 which indicates that obese were at high risk of disease development. The mean age for diagnosis of disease was ±50 years, in which all patients had a positive family history. Most patients were diabetic with hypertension, most of them were smokers and their exposure to air pollution was higher. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood through manual extraction. Primers were optimized and genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which w...