Correcting Cherenkov light attenuation in tissue using spatial frequency domain imaging for quant... more Correcting Cherenkov light attenuation in tissue using spatial frequency domain imaging for quantitative surface dosimetry during whole breast radiation therapy," J.
Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beck... more Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beckman Laser Institute [1]. Compared to other imaging approaches, MI has the unique capability of performing both diffuse optical tomography and rapid, wide-field quantitative mapping of tissue optical properties within a single measurement platform. While compatible with time-modulation methods, MI alternatively uses spatially-modulated illumination for imaging of tissue constituents. Periodic illumination patterns of various spatial frequencies are projected ...
Background and Objectives-Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially re... more Background and Objectives-Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially resolved measurement of in vivo optical properties. Based on spatial light modulation, the method is inexpensive, non-contact, and allows spatial mapping of tissue absorption and reduced scattering coefficients at any wavelength between 450 and 1,100 nm. Currently, clinicians rely on qualitative visual inspection to guide parameter selection for laser-based tattoo removal. MI provides quantitative measurements of multi-colored tattooed skin which may help guide treatment and objectively assess response. Study Design/Materials and Methods-We have measured the spatially varying optical properties of multicolored tattooed skin over a 50 mm × 50 mm field of view at wavelengths ranging from 650 to 970 nm using MI. These measurements were compared to a similar field of view of nontattooed skin from an adjacent area. Results-We have determined the differentiated optical properties in vivo of multi-colored tattooed skin versus non-tattooed skin. Conclusions-MI provides spatially resolved quantitative information with potential for quantitative assessment of response to treatment and may provide guidance for laser tattoo removal in the future.
We present a novel, noncontact method for the determination of quantitative optical properties of... more We present a novel, noncontact method for the determination of quantitative optical properties of turbid media from 430 to 1050 nm. Through measuring the broadband reflectance from an unknown sample as a function of the spatial frequency of the projected illumination patterns, the absolute absorption and reduced scattering coefficients can be calculated without a priori assumptions of the chromophores present. This technique, which is called spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy ͑SMoQS͒, was validated through the quantification of optical properties of homogenous liquid phantoms with known concentrations of absorbers and scatterers. The properties of the phantoms were recovered across the range of values prepared with R 2 values of 0.985 and 0.996 for absorption and reduced scattering, respectively. A measurement was also performed on skin tissue as a demonstration of the method's performance in vivo. The resultant absorption spectrum was well described by a multichromophore fit, and the quantitative values for oxy-and deoxyhemoglobin, water, and melanin were within published ranges for skin.
A LED based spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system has been developed to provide personal... more A LED based spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system has been developed to provide personalized photodynamic therapy for BCC. We present the instrument design, validation of performance and initial characterization of wide-field properties of BCC.
We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-... more We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-field optical property mapping in turbid media. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination technique resides in the potential integration of both optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities 1'2. The spatial-frequency dependence of sample reflectance encodes both depth and optical property information. Introducing a ...
Abstract: We studied the physiological changes in animal model tumors by co-registration of near-... more Abstract: We studied the physiological changes in animal model tumors by co-registration of near-infrared spectroscopy and MRI. T2 weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI images correlate with changes observed in Hb, HbO2 and water concentrations measured by near-infrared spectroscopy.
Objectives: Vascular surgeons are frequently consulted to evaluate hospitalized patients with fin... more Objectives: Vascular surgeons are frequently consulted to evaluate hospitalized patients with finger ischemia. We sought to characterized causes and outcomes of finger ischemia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: ICU patients who underwent evaluation for finger ischemia from 2008 to 2015 were reviewed. All were evaluated with finger plethysmography (PPG). Patient demographics, comorbidities, ICU care (ventilator status, arterial lines, use of vasoactive medications), finger amputations, and survival were recorded. ICU patients were compared to concurrently evaluated non-ICU inpatients with finger ischemia. Results: We identified 97 ICU patients (54 men, 43 women). Mean age was 57 6 17 years. Forty-three percent were in the surgical and 57% in the medical ICU. Seventy-two percent had abnormal finger PPGs, 69% unilateral and 31% bilateral. Thirty-seven percent had a radial arterial line. Thirteen percent had concomitant toe ischemia. Seventy-eight percent were on vasoactive medications at the time of diagnosis, with the most frequent being phenylephrine (55%), norepinephrine (47%), ephedrine (30%), epinephrine (26%), and vasopressin (25%). Treatment was with therapeutic anticoagulation in 47%, aspirin in 52%, and clopidogrel in 16%. Other frequent associated conditions included mechanical ventilation (37%), diabetes (33%), peripheral arterial disease (32%), dialysis dependence (31%), cancer (24%), and sepsis (20%). Five patients required finger amputation. Survival was 85% at 30 days, 73% at 1 year, and 65% at 2 years. By Cox modelling, cancer (hazard ratio, 6.3; P ¼ .012) and dialysis (hazard ratio, 4.9; P ¼ .026) were independent predictors of mortality. There were 50 concurrent non-ICU patients with finger ischemia. Non-ICU patients were more likely to have connective tissue disorders (26% vs 13%; P ¼ .05), be on antibiotics (38% vs 14%; P ¼ .02), and undergo finger amputations (16% vs 5%; P ¼ .03). Conclusions: Finger ischemia in ICU patients is often associated with the arterial lines and vasoactive medications, with phenylephrine and norepinephrine the most common. While progression to amputation is rare, patients with finger ischemia in the ICU have high mortality, particularly in the presence of cancer or dialysis. Non-ICU patients with finger ischemia more often require amputations, likely due to more frequent connective tissue disorders and finger infections.
Abstract We demonstrate the ability of Modulated Imaging to linearly and accurately recover absor... more Abstract We demonstrate the ability of Modulated Imaging to linearly and accurately recover absorption and scattering optical properties from experiments on homogeneous turbid phantoms. Examples of in-vivo property mapping on human skin and rodent cortex are also presented.
Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion, 2007
ABSTRACT We present a wide-field spectral imaging modality called modulated imaging for quantitat... more ABSTRACT We present a wide-field spectral imaging modality called modulated imaging for quantitatively imaging superficial tissues. We apply this method to an animal skin-flap model to determine in vivo local concentrations of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin and water.
ABSTRACT A simple technique for 3D mapping and correction of the absorption and reduced scatterin... more ABSTRACT A simple technique for 3D mapping and correction of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in turbid media is suggested based on spatial patterns. Experimental results demonstrate the suggested technique.
Summary: We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables one to image superficia... more Summary: We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables one to image superficial and subsurface heterogeneities over a large area. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination resides in the potential integration of both scattering and absorption optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities [1, 2]. This imaging technique is based on the fact that the ...
We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-... more We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-field optical property mapping in turbid media. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination technique resides in the potential integration of both optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities 1'2. The spatial-frequency dependence of sample reflectance encodes both depth and optical property information. Introducing a ...
ASME 2008 3rd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference, 2008
ABSTRACT Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Associat... more ABSTRACT Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
1. Introduction Most tissues, including the cortex of the brain, the retina, and skin, are compos... more 1. Introduction Most tissues, including the cortex of the brain, the retina, and skin, are composed of stratified, sub-millimeter layers. The human cortex is approximately 3mm thick with six layers which differ in cell size and type. The retina has seven layers (including a nerve fiber ...
Spatially structured light can be used as a non-contact imaging instrument to measure turbid medi... more Spatially structured light can be used as a non-contact imaging instrument to measure turbid media. This technique is capable of depth sectioning turbid media with simultaneous extraction of tissue optical absorption and scattering properties. Here, quantitative and qualitative fluorescence imaging is demonstrated using structured illumination through measurements of near infrared fluorophore inclusions of varying concentration and depth profiles in tissue-like phantoms. This technique demonstrates the capability to measure quantitative fluorophore characteristics, such as absorption and quantum yield, by combining reflectance and fluorescence mode measurements in turbid media. Additionally, this technique demonstrates qualitative improvements in fluorescence imaging. Specifically, spatial and depth resolution improve with increasing illumination spatial frequency. This allows the user to suppress deep background information and selectively visualize superficial inclusions in turbid media with improved resolution as compared to conventional planar imaging. The combination of these quantitative and qualitative improvements highlights the potential of structured illumination as a tool to measure near infrared exogenous fluorophores in vivo.
Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beck... more Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beckman Laser Institute [1]. Compared to other imaging approaches, MI has the unique capability of performing both diffuse optical tomography and rapid, wide-field quantitative mapping of tissue optical properties within a single measurement platform. While compatible with time-modulation methods, MI alternatively uses spatially-modulated illumination for imaging of tissue constituents. Periodic illumination patterns of various spatial frequencies are projected ...
Frontiers in Optics 2008/Laser Science XXIV/Plasmonics and Metamaterials/Optical Fabrication and Testing, 2008
ABSTRACT Achieving an adequate signal to background ratio is of paramount importance for targeted... more ABSTRACT Achieving an adequate signal to background ratio is of paramount importance for targeted diagnostics. We will present recent results in near-infrared time and spatial frequency methods applied to large field-of-view image-guided surgery.
Correcting Cherenkov light attenuation in tissue using spatial frequency domain imaging for quant... more Correcting Cherenkov light attenuation in tissue using spatial frequency domain imaging for quantitative surface dosimetry during whole breast radiation therapy," J.
Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beck... more Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beckman Laser Institute [1]. Compared to other imaging approaches, MI has the unique capability of performing both diffuse optical tomography and rapid, wide-field quantitative mapping of tissue optical properties within a single measurement platform. While compatible with time-modulation methods, MI alternatively uses spatially-modulated illumination for imaging of tissue constituents. Periodic illumination patterns of various spatial frequencies are projected ...
Background and Objectives-Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially re... more Background and Objectives-Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially resolved measurement of in vivo optical properties. Based on spatial light modulation, the method is inexpensive, non-contact, and allows spatial mapping of tissue absorption and reduced scattering coefficients at any wavelength between 450 and 1,100 nm. Currently, clinicians rely on qualitative visual inspection to guide parameter selection for laser-based tattoo removal. MI provides quantitative measurements of multi-colored tattooed skin which may help guide treatment and objectively assess response. Study Design/Materials and Methods-We have measured the spatially varying optical properties of multicolored tattooed skin over a 50 mm × 50 mm field of view at wavelengths ranging from 650 to 970 nm using MI. These measurements were compared to a similar field of view of nontattooed skin from an adjacent area. Results-We have determined the differentiated optical properties in vivo of multi-colored tattooed skin versus non-tattooed skin. Conclusions-MI provides spatially resolved quantitative information with potential for quantitative assessment of response to treatment and may provide guidance for laser tattoo removal in the future.
We present a novel, noncontact method for the determination of quantitative optical properties of... more We present a novel, noncontact method for the determination of quantitative optical properties of turbid media from 430 to 1050 nm. Through measuring the broadband reflectance from an unknown sample as a function of the spatial frequency of the projected illumination patterns, the absolute absorption and reduced scattering coefficients can be calculated without a priori assumptions of the chromophores present. This technique, which is called spatially modulated quantitative spectroscopy ͑SMoQS͒, was validated through the quantification of optical properties of homogenous liquid phantoms with known concentrations of absorbers and scatterers. The properties of the phantoms were recovered across the range of values prepared with R 2 values of 0.985 and 0.996 for absorption and reduced scattering, respectively. A measurement was also performed on skin tissue as a demonstration of the method's performance in vivo. The resultant absorption spectrum was well described by a multichromophore fit, and the quantitative values for oxy-and deoxyhemoglobin, water, and melanin were within published ranges for skin.
A LED based spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system has been developed to provide personal... more A LED based spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system has been developed to provide personalized photodynamic therapy for BCC. We present the instrument design, validation of performance and initial characterization of wide-field properties of BCC.
We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-... more We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-field optical property mapping in turbid media. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination technique resides in the potential integration of both optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities 1'2. The spatial-frequency dependence of sample reflectance encodes both depth and optical property information. Introducing a ...
Abstract: We studied the physiological changes in animal model tumors by co-registration of near-... more Abstract: We studied the physiological changes in animal model tumors by co-registration of near-infrared spectroscopy and MRI. T2 weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI images correlate with changes observed in Hb, HbO2 and water concentrations measured by near-infrared spectroscopy.
Objectives: Vascular surgeons are frequently consulted to evaluate hospitalized patients with fin... more Objectives: Vascular surgeons are frequently consulted to evaluate hospitalized patients with finger ischemia. We sought to characterized causes and outcomes of finger ischemia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: ICU patients who underwent evaluation for finger ischemia from 2008 to 2015 were reviewed. All were evaluated with finger plethysmography (PPG). Patient demographics, comorbidities, ICU care (ventilator status, arterial lines, use of vasoactive medications), finger amputations, and survival were recorded. ICU patients were compared to concurrently evaluated non-ICU inpatients with finger ischemia. Results: We identified 97 ICU patients (54 men, 43 women). Mean age was 57 6 17 years. Forty-three percent were in the surgical and 57% in the medical ICU. Seventy-two percent had abnormal finger PPGs, 69% unilateral and 31% bilateral. Thirty-seven percent had a radial arterial line. Thirteen percent had concomitant toe ischemia. Seventy-eight percent were on vasoactive medications at the time of diagnosis, with the most frequent being phenylephrine (55%), norepinephrine (47%), ephedrine (30%), epinephrine (26%), and vasopressin (25%). Treatment was with therapeutic anticoagulation in 47%, aspirin in 52%, and clopidogrel in 16%. Other frequent associated conditions included mechanical ventilation (37%), diabetes (33%), peripheral arterial disease (32%), dialysis dependence (31%), cancer (24%), and sepsis (20%). Five patients required finger amputation. Survival was 85% at 30 days, 73% at 1 year, and 65% at 2 years. By Cox modelling, cancer (hazard ratio, 6.3; P ¼ .012) and dialysis (hazard ratio, 4.9; P ¼ .026) were independent predictors of mortality. There were 50 concurrent non-ICU patients with finger ischemia. Non-ICU patients were more likely to have connective tissue disorders (26% vs 13%; P ¼ .05), be on antibiotics (38% vs 14%; P ¼ .02), and undergo finger amputations (16% vs 5%; P ¼ .03). Conclusions: Finger ischemia in ICU patients is often associated with the arterial lines and vasoactive medications, with phenylephrine and norepinephrine the most common. While progression to amputation is rare, patients with finger ischemia in the ICU have high mortality, particularly in the presence of cancer or dialysis. Non-ICU patients with finger ischemia more often require amputations, likely due to more frequent connective tissue disorders and finger infections.
Abstract We demonstrate the ability of Modulated Imaging to linearly and accurately recover absor... more Abstract We demonstrate the ability of Modulated Imaging to linearly and accurately recover absorption and scattering optical properties from experiments on homogeneous turbid phantoms. Examples of in-vivo property mapping on human skin and rodent cortex are also presented.
Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion, 2007
ABSTRACT We present a wide-field spectral imaging modality called modulated imaging for quantitat... more ABSTRACT We present a wide-field spectral imaging modality called modulated imaging for quantitatively imaging superficial tissues. We apply this method to an animal skin-flap model to determine in vivo local concentrations of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin and water.
ABSTRACT A simple technique for 3D mapping and correction of the absorption and reduced scatterin... more ABSTRACT A simple technique for 3D mapping and correction of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in turbid media is suggested based on spatial patterns. Experimental results demonstrate the suggested technique.
Summary: We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables one to image superficia... more Summary: We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables one to image superficial and subsurface heterogeneities over a large area. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination resides in the potential integration of both scattering and absorption optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities [1, 2]. This imaging technique is based on the fact that the ...
We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-... more We present a fast, non-contact and scan-free method that enables depth-resolved imaging and wide-field optical property mapping in turbid media. The method is based on spatially modulated illumination, a generalization of single source spatially-resolved measurements. The advantage of such an illumination technique resides in the potential integration of both optical property determination and subsurface imaging of tissue heterogeneities 1'2. The spatial-frequency dependence of sample reflectance encodes both depth and optical property information. Introducing a ...
ASME 2008 3rd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference, 2008
ABSTRACT Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Associat... more ABSTRACT Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
1. Introduction Most tissues, including the cortex of the brain, the retina, and skin, are compos... more 1. Introduction Most tissues, including the cortex of the brain, the retina, and skin, are composed of stratified, sub-millimeter layers. The human cortex is approximately 3mm thick with six layers which differ in cell size and type. The retina has seven layers (including a nerve fiber ...
Spatially structured light can be used as a non-contact imaging instrument to measure turbid medi... more Spatially structured light can be used as a non-contact imaging instrument to measure turbid media. This technique is capable of depth sectioning turbid media with simultaneous extraction of tissue optical absorption and scattering properties. Here, quantitative and qualitative fluorescence imaging is demonstrated using structured illumination through measurements of near infrared fluorophore inclusions of varying concentration and depth profiles in tissue-like phantoms. This technique demonstrates the capability to measure quantitative fluorophore characteristics, such as absorption and quantum yield, by combining reflectance and fluorescence mode measurements in turbid media. Additionally, this technique demonstrates qualitative improvements in fluorescence imaging. Specifically, spatial and depth resolution improve with increasing illumination spatial frequency. This allows the user to suppress deep background information and selectively visualize superficial inclusions in turbid media with improved resolution as compared to conventional planar imaging. The combination of these quantitative and qualitative improvements highlights the potential of structured illumination as a tool to measure near infrared exogenous fluorophores in vivo.
Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beck... more Modulated imaging is a novel non-contact optical imaging technology under development at the Beckman Laser Institute [1]. Compared to other imaging approaches, MI has the unique capability of performing both diffuse optical tomography and rapid, wide-field quantitative mapping of tissue optical properties within a single measurement platform. While compatible with time-modulation methods, MI alternatively uses spatially-modulated illumination for imaging of tissue constituents. Periodic illumination patterns of various spatial frequencies are projected ...
Frontiers in Optics 2008/Laser Science XXIV/Plasmonics and Metamaterials/Optical Fabrication and Testing, 2008
ABSTRACT Achieving an adequate signal to background ratio is of paramount importance for targeted... more ABSTRACT Achieving an adequate signal to background ratio is of paramount importance for targeted diagnostics. We will present recent results in near-infrared time and spatial frequency methods applied to large field-of-view image-guided surgery.
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Papers by David Cuccia