Papers by Krishnamoorthy Akkanna Subbiah
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Graphical Induction of innate immune response and growth promotion in banana by B. velezensis aga... more Graphical Induction of innate immune response and growth promotion in banana by B. velezensis against Foc.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Indian Journal of Microbiology, 2022
Microorganisms, 2021
Chemical pesticides have an immense role in curbing the infection of plant viruses and soil-borne... more Chemical pesticides have an immense role in curbing the infection of plant viruses and soil-borne pathogens of high valued crops. However, the usage of chemical pesticides also contributes to the development of resistance among pathogens. Hence, attempts were made in this study to identify a suitable bacterial antagonist for managing viral and fungal pathogens infecting crop plants. Based on our earlier investigations, we identified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens VB7 as a potential antagonist for managing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infecting carnation, tobacco streak virus infecting cotton and groundnut bud necrosis infecting tomato. Considering the multifaceted action of B. amyloliquefaciens VB7, attempts were made for whole-genome sequencing to assess the antiviral activity against tomato spotted wilt virus infecting chrysanthemum and antifungal action against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Genome annotation of the isolate B. amyloliquefaciens VB7 was confirmed as B. velezensi...
Advances in life sciences, 2016
The fungicide azoxystrobin is a strobilurin group of fungicide showing broad spectrum of activity... more The fungicide azoxystrobin is a strobilurin group of fungicide showing broad spectrum of activity against wide range of plant pathogens. In the present study azoxystrobin was sprayed at different concentration viz., 250 ml ha−1 (62.5 g a.i ha−1), 500 ml ha−1 (125 g a.i ha−1), 750 ml ha−1 (187.5 g a.i ha−1) and 1000 ml ha−1 (250 g a.i ha−1) on chilli against fruit rot and powdery mildew diseases. In each treatment, 500 g of chilli fruit samples and soil samples were collected at 0, 5, 10 and 15 d after last spraying to determine the dissipation rate of azoxystrobin. In addition, 500 g of soil samples were also collected from the field trials at the time of harvest for residue analysis. GCMS analysis of azoxystrobin standard showed the retention time of 11.65 min in all the concentrations. Chilli fruits and soil samples collected from the control plots were artificially applied with azoxystrobin standard at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 ppm for the estimation of recovery percentage. The mean per c...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Mushrooms contain various bio active potential including antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial ... more Mushrooms contain various bio active potential including antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial property. But very limited work has been done on the productive utilization of the antimicrobial properties for plant disease management practices. The current study is formulated to harness the antimicrobial potential of Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha, Lentinus edodes, Coprinus sinensis, Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus florida, Trichloma mastukae, Calocybe indica,Volvariella volvacea, Fomes spp and Pycnoporus sanguineus against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing post-harvest anthracnose disease of mango.Results from dual culture test revealed that the Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Pleurotus florida showed inhibition of radial mycelial growth with inhibition percentage of 56.3 to 70.77 %.Although the mushrooms screened exhibited varied degree of inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogen, A. polytricha and G.lucidum performed well and the crude cell free culture filtrates from G. lucidum and A. polytricha tested at 20 th day showed maximum inhibition of 36.33% and 47.11% of mycelial growth of C.gloeosporioides by G. lucidum and A. polytricha respectively.These results predicted that the cell free culture filtrate collected contained some antimicrobial compounds that would have been responsible for the antimicrobial effect and offers better scope for development of mycomolecules based fungicide against plant diseases.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2020
The 3 oyster mushroom species namely Pleurotus florida, P. eous, and Hypsizygus ulmarius were eva... more The 3 oyster mushroom species namely Pleurotus florida, P. eous, and Hypsizygus ulmarius were evaluated for their biological efficiency (BE) and net returns from the rupee invested (NRRI) in late kharif and rabi seasons. The BE and NRRI of P. florida and H. ulmarius were on par and significantly superior to P. eous in both the seasons. The present study provided corroboration for the suitability of P. florida and H. ulmarius cultivation in the late kharif and rabi seasons whereas, P. eous cultivation in the summer and early kharif seasons. Thus, the season-specific selection of oyster mushroom species promotes the concept of year-round mushroom cultivation.
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Madras Agricultural Journal, 2018
Inky cap mushroom (Coprinus sp) possesses vital antifungal properties against the major wilt caus... more Inky cap mushroom (Coprinus sp) possesses vital antifungal properties against the major wilt causing pathogens of banana, tomato and chilli. Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in banana, F. o. f. sp. lycopersici in tomato and F.brachygibbosum in chilli were obtained and the antifungal activities of Coprinus cinerea was assessed. Methanolic extract from the fruiting bodies of inky cap C. cinerea consisted of molecules which could inhibit the growth of Fusarium spp at 2000 ppm. Results showed 54.5, 52.2 and 51.1 per cent of mycelia inhibition of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, F. o. f. sp. lycopersici and F. brachygibbosum, respectively when the methanolic extract of C. cinerea was used in agar wells in petri dishes. GC-MS analysis of the methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of inky cap indicated the presence of 9 different compounds viz.
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020
Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom widely used in pharmaceuticals for their ant... more Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom widely used in pharmaceuticals for their antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and immunoregulatory properties and also used in agriculture as an antiviral and antibacterial agent. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a tool widely used in the researches for the identification of organic compounds in the organism. In our study, we used FT-IR Spectroscopy for determination the chemical nature of Ganoderma lucidum, and their standards Squalene and Ganoderic acid A. In the FT-IR spectrum for the G. lucidum obtained in the region of 3782.69 cm-1 to 568.898 cm-1 the absorptions peak represents the alcohols, halogens, silicon and phosphorus groups present in the sample. In the squalene standard, ketones, amides, and guanidine, nitrile and azine stretches were found in the wavelength 1655-1550 cm-1. In the Ganoderic acid A sulfur compounds with weak stretching intensity were obtained in the wavelength 500-400 cm-...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019
Mushroom fungi secrete antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral bioactive compounds of therapeutic... more Mushroom fungi secrete antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral bioactive compounds of therapeutic and pharmacological value. Very limited work has been done on the exploration of antimicrobial principles from macrobasidiomycetes against plant pathogens. In this view, a study was proposed to screen eight mushroom fungi viz., Auricularia polytricha, Coprinus comatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Volvariella volvaceae, Lentinus edodes, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor against spore germination and mycelial growth of Colletotrichum capsici , the fruit rot pathogen of Chilli and to extract antimicrobial molecules from the selected mushroom fungi using different solvents viz., Chloroform, Diethyl ether and Ethyl acetate. Results from dual culture technique revealed that Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha and Lentinus edodes showed maximum antifungal activity by inhibiting the mycelial growth of C. capsici (54.81%, 53.70 % and 45.55% respectively) with maximum inhibition zone of (4.86 mm, 2.86 mm and 4.86 mm respectively). Though the Chloroform, Diethyl ether and Ethyl acetate fractions of G. lucidum cell free extracts inhibited spore germination of C. capsici both at 12 and 24 hours, maximum inhibition of spore germination was observed at 24 hours. Among the mushroom fungi, the chloroform extracted fractions followed by Diethyl ether and Ethyl acetate fractions of G. lucidum cell free culture filtrates exhibited maximum inhibition of spore germination of C. capsici (inhibition of 88 %, 79% and 78 % respectively) at 24 hours. Similarly, maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of C. capsici with 40 %, 34.07% and 29.25 % inhibition respectively was recorded in the chloroform extracted fractions followed by Diethyl ether and Ethyl acetate fractions of G. lucidum cell free culture filtrates when compared to solvent extracted fractions of L. edodes and A. polytricha by agar well diffusion technique. The chloroform extracted metabolite of G. lucidum followed by Ethyl acetate and Diethyl ether fractions at 2000 ppm concentration inhibited maximum mycelial growth of C. capsici (60.55 %, 58.88 % and 55.47 % respectively). It is well proven that chloroform extracted fractions of G. lucidum possess antimicrobial activities against the growth of C. capsici. Hence, further studies towards the identification of these compounds will pave for development of fungicides against C .capsici.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019
The activity of defense enzymes viz., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase and superoxide dis... more The activity of defense enzymes viz., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase up on treatment with azoxystrobin and chaetoglobosin was studied in this experiment. The chilli plants inoculated with C.capsici showed various levels of peroxidase activity with respect to the treatments. The combined application of azoxystrobin with chaetoglobosin at 0.2 per cent concentration showed the highest level of peroxidase activity (1.130). The next highest level (0.872) was observed in azoxystrobin with tebuconazole combination. In the case of chilli plants inoculated with L. taurica, the maximum peroxidase activity was recorded in the same combination (0.817). The highest polyphenol oxidase activity in chilli plants inoculated with C.capsici recorded in azoxystrobin and chaetoglobosin combination (0.883). The next best increase (0.721) of PPO was noted in combined application of azoxystrobin with tebuconazole at 0.2 per cent concentration. The same trend was noticed when chilli plant inoculated with L. taurica. In the case of catalase and superoxide dismutase, azoxystrobin and chaetoglobosin combination, followed by azoxystrobin (Willowood) and tebuconazole combination showed the highest level of activity in chilli plants inoculated with C. capsici and L.taurica.
International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 2018
Headspace volatile metabolites produced by Ophiocordyceps sinensis were tested against soil-borne... more Headspace volatile metabolites produced by Ophiocordyceps sinensis were tested against soil-borne plant pathogens (namely, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Thanatephorus cucumeris, Athelia rolfsii, and Macrophomina phaseolina). Diffusible volatile metabolites produced by O. sinensis inhibited 52% and 48% of the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, respectively. In addition to inhibiting mycelial growth, the headspace volatile metabolites also induced several morphological changes in the culture characteristics and mycelia of the tested fungi. Stunted and depressed colony growth was observed for F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The headspace volatile compounds produced by O. sinensis were trapped in a glass cartridge (Porapak Q). The trapped compounds were eluted from the column by using hexane and then, by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were identified as te...
Journal of Biological Control, 1990
A pot culture experiment was conducted to find out the efficacy of antagonists in the control of ... more A pot culture experiment was conducted to find out the efficacy of antagonists in the control of damping-off disease of tomato caused by Pythium indicum Balakrishnan. Soil inoculation with Trichoderma viride Pers., T. harzianum Rifai, and Laetisaria arvalis Burdsall, gave good control of the pathogen and the treated pots recorded 78.2, 70.9 and 72.2 per cent seed germination respectively as against 19.3 per cent in the control. Seed treatment with T. viride, T. harzian um and L. arvails was also found to be equally good. The results obtained were comparable to soil drenching with fungicides like fenaminosu1f, copper oxychloride and seed treatment with captan or thiram. However, improved seedling vigour was noticed in the treatments with antagonists than with fungicides.
... Shanmugam, V., Sriram, S., Babu, S., Nandakumar, R., Raguchander, T., Balasubramanian, P. and... more ... Shanmugam, V., Sriram, S., Babu, S., Nandakumar, R., Raguchander, T., Balasubramanian, P. and Samiyappan, R. (2001): Purification and characterization of an extracellular α-glucosidase protein from Trichoderma viride which degrades a phytotoxin associated with sheath ...
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Papers by Krishnamoorthy Akkanna Subbiah