Papers by Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
The antidiabetic properties of Tinospora crispa, a local herb that has been used in traditional M... more The antidiabetic properties of Tinospora crispa, a local herb that has been used in traditional Malay medicine and rich in antioxidant, were explored based on obesity-linked insulin resistance condition. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, the normal control (NC) which received standard rodent diet, the high fat diet (HFD) which received high fat diet only, the high fat diet treated with T. crispa (HFDTC), and the high fat diet treated with orlistat (HFDO). After sixteen weeks of treatment, blood and organs were harvested for analyses. Results showed that T. crispa significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the body weight (41.14 ± 1.40%), adiposity index serum levels (4.910 ± 0.80%), aspartate aminotransferase (AST: 161 ± 4.71 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT: 100.95 ± 3.10 U/L), total cholesterol (TC: 18.55 ± 0.26 mmol/L), triglycerides (TG: 3.70 ± 0.11 mmol/L), blood glucose (8.50 ± 0.30 mmo/L), resistin (0.74 ± 0.20 ng/mL), and leptin (17.428 ± 1.50 ng/mL) hormones in HFDTC group. The insulin (1.65 ± 0.07 pg/mL) and C-peptide (136.48 pmol/L) hormones were slightly decreased but within normal range. The histological results showed unharmed and intact liver tissues in HFDTC group. As a conclusion, T. crispa ameliorates insulin resistance-associated with obesity in Wistar rats fed with high fat diet.
International Food Research Journal
Kelulut honey is favoured for its tremendous nutritional benefits. However, the lack of systemati... more Kelulut honey is favoured for its tremendous nutritional benefits. However, the lack of systematic safety studies leads to it having no quality control or safety guarantee for the consumers. Consequently, the present work was designed to assess the effect of daily kelulut honey consumption. Subacute oral toxicity study was conducted following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 407. Sprague Dawley rats were administered with kelulut honey at the concentrations of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg for four weeks, and observed for any changes or toxicity signs following daily consumption. The rats were physically and biochemically analysed, and the serum of highest honey concentration (2,000 mg/kg) consumption underwent metabolite analysis. Histopathology observations on the kidney and liver were also performed. The highest concentration of kelulut honey did not show any mortality or toxicity. Overall, there were no significant differences in all...
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is gaining interest due to its environmentally fr... more Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is gaining interest due to its environmentally friendly, easy and biocompatible process. AgNPs synthesis using polychaete extract is relatively new but exhibits good potential. This study examines a local baitworm species, Marphysa moribidii, on its efficiency in synthesising AgNPs using two-sample preparations (fresh and frozen) with different weights. Samples were mixed with silver nitrate (AgNO 3) before recording the colour changes. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were undertaken to detect the quantity and quality of synthesised AgNPs. Successful synthesis of AgNPs was observed for both samples as the solution colour changed from pinkish red to brown and confirmed with surface plasmon resonance peaks. Fresh extract with 5 g, 10 g and 15 g demonstrated higher reducing capability in AgNP synthesis than those frozen based on their peak uniformity in the UV-Vis spectrum. SEM and TEM images revealed spherical AgNP formation, which is the preferred shape for antimicrobial studies. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy found no trace of Ag contaminants from the environment. Further analysis and optimisation are required to reveal the reducing mechanism, especially using fresh samples, as it has a higher capability in synthesising AgNPs.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are regarded as a miracle in the medical field as it prevents disease caused by patho... more Antibiotics are regarded as a miracle in the medical field as it prevents disease caused by pathogenic bacteria. Since the discovery of penicillin, antibiotics have become the foundation for modern medical discoveries. However, bacteria soon became resistant to antibiotics, which puts a burden on the healthcare system. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the world since 1961. MRSA primarily developed resistance to beta-lactamases antibiotics and can be easily spread in the healthcare system. Thus, alternatives to combat MRSA are urgently required. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), an innate host immune agent and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are gaining interest as alternative treatments against MRSA. Both agents have broad-spectrum properties which are suitable candidates for controlling MRSA. Although both agents can exhibit antimicrobial effects independently, the combination of both can be synergis...
International Journal of Technology
Interest in biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is steadily increasing due to the costeffective... more Interest in biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is steadily increasing due to the costeffective, easy, and environmentally friendly way in which they are synthesized. Synthesis using polychaete (Marphysa moribidii) extract as a reducing agent is particularly new and has the potential of being applied in various industries. However, biogenic AgNPs require synthesis optimization to increase their stability, yield, and characteristics. To meet these requirements, several synthesis parameters (such as polychaete size (body width), silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration, pH of polychaete crude extract, and the temperature during pre-incubation) and storage conditions were optimized in this study. The optimized conditions for obtaining high yield and stable AgNPs were polychaetes with a body width of 6-8 mm, 1 mM AgNO3 with polychaete crude extract of pH 9, preheated at 90°C for 15 min before incubation at 30°C (150 rpm) for 24 hours, and stored at 4°C for long-term stability. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed through observation of a color transition (from pinkish to yellowish-brown) and analysis of UV-Vis spectra (between 398 and 400 nm). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of spherical AgNPs with an average size of approximately 40.19 nm. Further, the optimized AgNPs demonstrated high storage stability for up to 6 months without any agglomeration. It is believed that these parameters are eminently suitable for the production of stable biosynthesized AgNPs.
The effects of adulterated honey consumption towards human health is not widely known; mainly due... more The effects of adulterated honey consumption towards human health is not widely known; mainly due to lack of systematic and scientific studies and low public awareness. In this study, short-term and long-term effects of consumption on two brands of commercially honey are available in Malaysian market was investigated and compared to normal control (NC) rats and rats fed with natural pineapple honey (PH) using male Sprague dawley rats. Adulteration of honey used in the study was measured using physicochemical and antioxidant analyses and identified as adulterated honey A (FHA) and B (FHB). No toxicity effect was found for short-term consumption (14 days with one honey consumption). However, visible effects were observed after 16 weeks of study. Both FHA and FHB showed a significant increase (p>0.05) in cholesterol (48.6 ± 4.8 mmol/L, 46.5 ± 3.6 mmol/L), triglycerides (26 ± 1.2 mmol/L, 24.4 ± 1.8 mmol/L) and glucose (28.4 ± 2.5 mmol/L, 25 ± 2.6 mmol/L) level respectively. In contra...
This study examined the effect of honey in gellan gum (GG) hydrogel containing virgin coconut oil... more This study examined the effect of honey in gellan gum (GG) hydrogel containing virgin coconut oil (VCO). Their mechanical, physical, thermal properties and in-vivo healing potential on dermal wounds were investigated. The compression performance results show that the inclusion of honey into gellan gum incorporated VCO (GGVCOH) hydrogel improved the compressive stress of the materials by 3-fold and workable to be applied on the different contours of human body. Swelling ratio of GVCO hydrogels increased upon addition of honey, and water transmission rates (WVTRs) values of all hydrogels were in the range of 112-132gm2d1, in which comparable to WVTRs values of commercial wound dressings. Thermal behavior shows the inclusion of honey in GVCO hydrogels improved the thermal stability particularly at high concentration. In-vivo healing on dermal wounds exhibits that the inclusion of honey accelerated the wound closure and shows complete neo-epidermal of the wounds. The GVCOH hydrogel has ...
Point-by-point responses to the reviewer's comments on the manuscript "Effects of Gelam and Acaci... more Point-by-point responses to the reviewer's comments on the manuscript "Effects of Gelam and Acacia honey acute administration on some biochemical parameters of Sprague Dawley rats" The authors would like to thank Reviewers for careful review of our manuscript and providing us with their comments and suggestion to improve the quality of the manuscript. The following responses have been prepared to address all of the reviewers' comments in a point-by-point fashion. Reviewer 1 (Aliyu Muhammad) First of all, authors would like to thank Reviewer 1 for the considering our manuscript interesting and accepting it for publication after this revision. We have incorporated the following reviewer's specific comments in preparation of revised version of manuscript. Minor Comments Comment Comments and response 1 "The write-up is characterized by some grammatical/typo errors that need to be urgently addressed. For instance, "therefore" is repeatedly mentioned in the last two sentence of the background section of the abstract etc." Agreed: Grammatical/typo errors and text revised as per suggestions. 2 "Like in Tables 2 and 3 the statistical signs were not well assigned within and outside the tables" Agreed: The statistical signs revised as per suggestion. Please refer to the tables at pages 18-19. 3 "There were no arrows to indicate the histopathological observations on the photomicrographs/plates."
Journal of sustainability science and management, 2020
Cell signalling is part of a strategy in drug discovery. Among the focus is by studying the insul... more Cell signalling is part of a strategy in drug discovery. Among the focus is by studying the insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF1R) signalling pathways. The molecular mechanism of insulin and IGF1R signalling pathways have been studied extensively. Both pathways are vital in many of the mechanisms in human body particularly in regulating the metabolism and cell growth. Besides, both pathways have been found to be involved in numerous diseases such as in various types of cancer. This review briefly revealed the information on the pathways, their correlations and current findings in cancer study.
This study elucidates the growth inhibition of the insulin resistant-human hepatocellular carcino... more This study elucidates the growth inhibition of the insulin resistant-human hepatocellular carcinoma (IR-HepG2) cell lines after treating with Tinospora crispa methanolic crude extract. The IR-HepG2 cell lines were cultured in high glucose-insulin medium, subsequently established by the radiolabelled 2-deoxyglucose assay. The IR-HepG2 (negative control) and WRL68 (normal control) were treated with T. crispa methanolic crude extract and rosiglitazone malate (RM-positive control) respectively. The glucose uptake, downregulated IGF-1R and Bcl-2 protein, and apoptosis mechanism were determined using the immunoblotting method and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Glucose uptake was decreased in IR-HepG2 cell lines, while increased after treated with T. crispa methanolic crude extract and RM. The protein expressions of IR-HepG2 treated with T. crispa was significantly increased (p < 0.05) the insulin receptor (InsR), p-Akt, and GLUT4. IR-HepG2 cell lines stimulated with insulin and treated with T. crispa crude extract were found to activate the apoptosis pathway through the expression of caspases-3, 8, 9 and Bad. Ultimately, the growth of IR-HepG2 cell lines was inhibited via apoptosis after improving cell sensitivity towards insulin and its glucose uptake. Nevertheless, mechanism of T. crispa to induce the effects is still unclear either as a direct ligand or as a cofactor, and it requires further investigations.
Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology, 2019
Honey has been extensively researched on their chemical and biological properties. It's revealed ... more Honey has been extensively researched on their chemical and biological properties. It's revealed the ability and capability of honey in treating or preventing many diseases. As people concerned, a safer approach using natural based product is critically needed and honey as one of the potential agent to be consider. Therefore, the information on its biological activities has to be clarify to make society understand the benefit of honey especially Gelam honey.
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2022
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or mostly kn... more The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or mostly known as COVID-19, has infected millions of people and led to a public health crisis. Various aspects including the economy and daily routine of life have also been severely affected. At the time being, treatment using previously FDA-approved antiviral such as hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir, as well as using convalescent plasma does not guarantee full recovery of COVID-19 infection. Thus, the search for effective treatment against COVID-19 is actively going on including using natural products. Bee products such as honey (with trehalulose sugar), propolis, royal jelly, bee pollen, and bee bread, are among the natural products that hold promises in attenuating COVID-19, either as an alternative source of the antiviral activity or to enhance the activity of current standard ward treatments. Besides being used in the human diet since ancient times, numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies...
Polymers, 2021
The demand for wound care products, especially advanced and active wound care products is huge. I... more The demand for wound care products, especially advanced and active wound care products is huge. In this study, gellan gum (GG) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) were utilized to develop microemulsion-based hydrogel for wound dressing materials. A ternary phase diagram was constructed to obtain an optimized ratio of VCO, water, and surfactant to produce VCO microemulsion. The VCO microemulsion was incorporated into gellan gum (GG) hydrogel (GVCO) and their chemical interaction, mechanical performance, physical properties, and thermal behavior were examined. The stress-at-break (σ) and Young’s modulus (YM) of GVCO hydrogel films were increased along with thermal behavior with the inclusion of VCO microemulsion. The swelling degree of GVCO hydrogel decreased as the VCO microemulsion increased and the water vapor transmission rate of GVCO hydrogels was comparable to commercial dressing in the range of 332–391 g m−2 d−1. The qualitative antibacterial activities do not show any inhibition agai...
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019
Due to the distinctive regenerative ability of Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878, the local marine ... more Due to the distinctive regenerative ability of Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878, the local marine polychaete has the potential as a cellular growth agent. In this study, the growth effect was investigated in normal cells and cancer cells. Different concentrations (0-100mg/mL) of D. claparedii aqueous extract were tested on Chang Liver (normal cells), and Human Primary Glioblastoma (U-87) (cancer cells) cell lines for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Percentage of cell viability was evaluated by [2-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3, 5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. The findings suggested that the extract had a proliferative effect on normal cell growth when tested at lower doses (<60 mg/mL) but inhibited normal cells at concentrations >80 mg/mL in all incubation periods. Meanwhile, it showed the cytotoxic effect on cancer cells only after 48h when treated with all concentrations. As demonstrated, the extract could induce normal cell growth without causing abnormal or cancer cells...
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Papers by Wan Iryani Wan Ismail