Papers by SITI NORAFIDA BT. JUSOH FKA
Asean Journal of Engineering Education
Engineering courses are regarded as challenging that require a solid foundation in mathematics, p... more Engineering courses are regarded as challenging that require a solid foundation in mathematics, physics, and chemistry as well as critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Inadvertently, these components present challenges to the teaching and learning (T&L) process in the classroom and up to the author's knowledge, there is no study reported in relation with professional engineer certification and UTM-NALI teaching practices. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between engineering educators with professional engineer certification and their teaching methods in particular UTM-NALI. This is a pilot study with small respondents and to validate survey questions for assessment in larger samples. Additional questions regarding the obstacles, recommendations, and example characteristics are also offered. The data on the performance of students and the distinction between certified and uncertified lecturers are discussed. Through their participation in T&L in the classro...
Journal of Engineering and Applied Science
Lateritic soil is a kind of residual soil widespread in tropical countries. This soil usually pos... more Lateritic soil is a kind of residual soil widespread in tropical countries. This soil usually possesses acceptable engineering properties to be laid under the construction projects. However, it needs treatment for transportation infrastructure such as railway and road subgrade and embankment, particularly when it is in fine-grained form. Thus, cement, one of the very common stabiliser agents in soil stabilisation, was selected to study its influence on lateritic soil at macro- and micro-levels. In order to achieve this goal, UCS, durability, FESEM and EDX tests were conducted. The results obtained indicate that the UCS increase occurs with an increase in cement content and curing time. It was also found that the shear modulus increases with cement content and curing time. The durability test results disclosed that 3% cement is not enough for soil stabilisation when used for projects in the areas subjected to cyclic wetting-drying cycles. The durability test results revealed that the...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
Tunnelling close to existing structure in urban area has become unavoidable. The progression tunn... more Tunnelling close to existing structure in urban area has become unavoidable. The progression tunneling activities induced ground movement and might affect the integrity of existing structure especially the one lies within the tunneling influence zone. It may cause catastrophic failures of structures and can cause losses of human lives. Therefore, considering its risk, this study focuses on the tunnel-soil-pile interaction by performing a physical model testing. By conducting a series of laboratory tests, the ground subsidence and pile behavior is presented herein. For a twice diameter distance of tunnel and pile, the pile axial settlement is 0.04% of the tunnel diameter respectively, while the maximum pile bending moment is 4928. 93kN.m. Maximum ground settlement is 0.56% respectively to tunnel diameter. To sum up, the axial displacement of pile decreases when the pile located further away from the tunneling zone. Similarly, the ground surface subsidence decreases when the pile loca...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
Tunnelling through various ground condition affects the performance of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM... more Tunnelling through various ground condition affects the performance of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). Previous researches have conducted studies to explain on this relationship. However, a more localised influence of Malaysian Kenny Hill Formation subsurface condition towards TBM drive are yet to be carried out. This study will assess this relationship at areas nearby Museum Station during the Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit (KVMRT) Line 1 with a length span of 540m. After the data collection from TBM and borehole report, data analysis was carried out namely using cutter head, thrust cylinder and subsurface profiling. These data were plotted based on the chainage and tunnel ring number. It is observed that subsurface profile at Ring 9 and Ring 11 required a higher thrust force due to its cohesive soil condition and inclusion of sandstone rock. However, Ring 10 is vice versa as there were more non-recovered soil samples at the specified area. The reduction of thrust force eventually in...
Anais do VII Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenheiros Geotécnicos Jovens, 2016
The production of coal ash waste is rising alongside the need for power. Therefore, it is necessa... more The production of coal ash waste is rising alongside the need for power. Therefore, it is necessary to reuse coal ash waste. However, it is unclear if coal ash is genuinely safe for the environment. In this study, coal ash waste and treated marine clay will be subjected to toxicity characteristic leaching to determine the ground contamination caused by coal ash, cement, and marine clay stabilisation. Using the US Department of Environmental (DoE) standard, all three samples of bottom ash, fly ash and treated marine clay (15% 50BA:50FA) showed values below DoE regulatory limits, with the treated sample having the lowest. Using the Malaysian Water Standard, it was determined that the quantities of Cd, Se, and Ag in all three samples were within the regulatory limits established by the Malaysian Water Standard. Except for Cr and Hg, the concentrations of elements identified in the treated 15% 50BA:50FA sample were all within regulatory limits. In descending order, the trend of heavy me...
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
Transportation Geotechnics
Implementation of Project Based Learning (PtBL) in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) as part of... more Implementation of Project Based Learning (PtBL) in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) as part of Outcome Based Education (OBE) framework have faced various challenges (i.e revamp on the undergraduate co-curricullum, required high commitments from academicians & faculty and facilities to cater PtBL activities). This paper discusses the effectiveness of PtBL teaching method in an effort to develop the students’ soft skills in tandem with the technical or professional competencies; and problems, challenges and potential improvement in the course. The Survey Camp course which is offered at year one of a four years civil engineering degree programme in the Faculty of Civil Engineering (FKA), UTM was chosen for this study. It is a ten days fieldwork in which the students will carry out an engineering survey project from field to finish in groups of five to six students supervised by the academic staff. Assessment of the technical aspects was based on the students ability to meet the minimum engineering surveying’s standard whereas the assesment of soft skills was conducted during various sessions of the survey projects. Survey questionaires were given at the beginning and the end of the course as part of evaluation of the course effectiveness. The research has found that the technical aspects were achievable though with lesser degree for the engineering design. However, on the soft skills, students demonstrated an overall improvement of competency but it was difficult to determine the levels for the average students while the best and poor performers were easily observed.
Tunnel lining design is an interactive problem, which is not merely about the strength, but on ho... more Tunnel lining design is an interactive problem, which is not merely about the strength, but on how much the tunnel allows to flexure to overcome the ground movement. When tunnel interacts with soil, stress from the ground is distributed into the structure. In the case of precast segmental bolted tunnel lining, it is critical to investigate the lining joint reaction, as this affects the overall flexural behaviour of the tunnel lining. Understanding the segmental behaviour is important to optimize the design of lining, leading to cost effective production and maintaining the good services during its design life. The objective of this paper is to present a short review on research works conducted in the past pertaining on the joint effect in longitudinal seam in tunnel lining. Review on numerical simulations and laboratory testing were carried out in order to understand the basis of the tunnel lining mechanical behaviour response. A series of flexural bending laboratory testing conduct...
As liquefaction due to earthquake hazards may occur on both clean sand and soil comprising of san... more As liquefaction due to earthquake hazards may occur on both clean sand and soil comprising of sand with fines, the current research trend is more focusing on determining the boundary limits of liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils. Series of laboratory testing had been carried out worldwide but many of the results are contradictory. It is thus important to first determine the condition in which the clean sand is most susceptible to liquefaction, only then the liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils could be compared and discussed under this specific condition. Stress controlled triaxial test apparatus was used to shear the isotropically consolidated sand samples under undrained two-way cyclic loading until the initiation of liquefaction. The liquefaction was defined based on: (i) excess pore pressure was equal to effective confining pressure or (ii) a double amplitude strain of 5 % was reached, whichever was achieved first The results of two-way cyclic triaxial t...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Several studies have attempted to develop thresholds for prediction of landslide initiation due t... more Several studies have attempted to develop thresholds for prediction of landslide initiation due to antecedent rainfall by using the physical-based approach. The approach offers a better understanding of the underlying process of the landslide mechanism. In the previous studies, however, determinate values of hydro-mechanical soil parameters are commonly considered, neglecting the uncertainties of the variables. Thus, this study aims to propose a relatively computationally, inexpensive reliability approach to address the uncertainties of the multivariate. The application of the proposed model is demonstrated by taking a case study from Sabah, Malaysia. The Latin Hypercube Sampling was adopted for efficient sampling, while the dependencies of the multivariate were modelled using a higher-order copula. The infiltration process and slope stability were assessed based on a fully-coupled seepage-deformation and shear strength reduction technique, respectively in a finite element programme...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Tunnel excavation usually will causes soil redistribution and settlement. Hence, for urban areas ... more Tunnel excavation usually will causes soil redistribution and settlement. Hence, for urban areas where large building used pile for foundation, tunnelling might affect the pile integrity. Engineers pose great role in order to correctly estimating the stress changes onto pile structures. It is particularly vital to estimate the tunnelling effects when new tunnels are to be built near an existing pile. Therefore, this paper presents a physical modelling to investigate the tunnel-pile-soil interaction. Sand box test with pile and tunnel model was developed to imitate the field condition. The laboratory testing conducted with constant parameter tunnel cover to tunnel diameter ratio of 2.5 with pile to tunnel distance of 1.5 of tunnel diameter. Two rate of tunnel excavation were carried out. Laboratory tests determined the longitudinal and transverse ground surface settlement induced by tunnelling, as well as the movement and induced bending moment on a single pile foundation. For valida...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) is the most popular self-report driving assessment tool glob... more Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) is the most popular self-report driving assessment tool globally for assessing crash risk and aberrant driving behaviours among motorists. Therefore, this study reports on the utilisation of the DBQ to examine the self-reported driving behaviours (and crash outcomes) of a sample of university students. Questionnaires which contains demographic questions and 36 items measuring driving behaviour (including driving distractions, violations, errors and lapses) in traffic were distributed manually to participants. The findings show that distractions factor is most frequently reported items among all of the respondents (M = 4.11). Besides, there are also significant association among the demographic factors such as ‘driving experience’ and ‘vehicle type’ with gender of respondents. Meanwhile, there is no significant association between ‘accident involvement’ with gender of respondents. In terms of driving behaviour comparison, the behaviour among male ...
International Journal of Geomate, 2016
Series of laboratory testing on the investigation of soil liquefaction using cyclic triaxial test... more Series of laboratory testing on the investigation of soil liquefaction using cyclic triaxial test had been carried out by researchers around the world but many of the results are contradictory. Thus, it is important to first determine the condition in which the clean sand is most susceptible to liquefaction, then only the liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils could be compared and discussed under this specific condition. This paper presents the undrained behaviour of Johor sand and sand mixed with fines (kaolin) from cyclic triaxial tests. Stress controlled triaxial test apparatus was used to shear the isotropically consolidated soil samples under undrained two-way cyclic loading until the initiation of liquefaction. The liquefaction was defined based on: (i) excess pore pressure was equal to effective confining pressure or (ii) double amplitude strain of 5 % was reached, whichever was achieved first. The results of two-way cyclic triaxial tests on clean sand showed that besides the cyclic stress ratio, the liquefaction resistance of the sand under undrained loading was proportional to effective consolidation pressure and density index. The Johor sand was more liquefiable at its loose state and under low effective consolidation pressure, when subjected to earthquake loading.
International Journal of Geomate, 2015
The presence of marine clay in Iskandar Malaysia Region, Nusajaya has caused expensive solutions ... more The presence of marine clay in Iskandar Malaysia Region, Nusajaya has caused expensive solutions in the construction of structures and roads. Alternatively, soil treatment is suggested to increase the strength of the unsuitable material to meet the constructions requirement for foundation and also to achieve the specifications for development work. In this study, a series of laboratory test has been conducted to determine the potential of lime to stabilize marine clay to form the basis of a strong, reliable land for construction of roads and building. Testing program involves obtaining specimens of marine clays from various locations at Iskandar Malaysia Region, followed by laboratory tests to determine the physical and engineering properties with and without the addition of lime. The proportions of hydrated lime added are 3%, 6% and 9% to the untreated marine clay and tested at 7 and 28 days curing periods. Results show an increase in strength with increasing lime content. In addition, strength also increases significantly as early as 7 curing days and continues for 28 curing days. In agreement with the strength tests, compression characteristics improved with increasing lime content and as time prolonged. Hence, lime is successful and considered effective to improve the strength and compressibility behavior of Marine clay.
Books & Journals Private Ltd., Aug 1, 2021
Landslide events have the devastating impacts on human lives, damage to the physical asset (build... more Landslide events have the devastating impacts on human lives, damage to the physical asset (building, roads and highways), broken of utility supply lines and loss of environmental resources and economic costs. In the period of 59 years from 1961 to 2019, Malaysia has recorded 91 distinct landslide events which caused 721 deaths. Urbanization and the high rate of population growth accelerate the construction of flat ground. In order to cater to this demand, land utilization becomes more important and generally shifts toward the hilly area or expands underground. This paper presents the comparative studies between 4 landslide cases to come out with the most common causal factors and rehabilitation methods taken. Studies showed that landslides occurred in Malaysia is mainly due to the intense and prolonged rainfall event. Since Malaysia is experiencing tropical weather, frequent and intense rainfall event is unavoidable. Therefore, the impact of rainfall shall be considered and included in the design to minimize the risk of landslide. Besides, human factors such as deforestation, design error and construction error should also be reviewed to effectively prevent the occurrence of the landslide.
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Papers by SITI NORAFIDA BT. JUSOH FKA