Screen requires a tty to start. Crontab jobssjobs don't get a tty.
Running uwsgi inside screen is probably unnecessary.
If you can, instead of running this inside screen inside a cron job, it would be better to start it as a systemd service. At a glance, these instructions look like they might be helpful https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Systemd.html
If setting this up as a systemd service is not an option, there are several other ways to allow a background job to save its output to a log file.