Papers by Younis Abdullah
FIGURE 3. Oxynoemacheilus gyndes, FSJF 3360, paratypes, 49 mm SL, 46 mm SL, 47 mm SL; Iraq: strea... more FIGURE 3. Oxynoemacheilus gyndes, FSJF 3360, paratypes, 49 mm SL, 46 mm SL, 47 mm SL; Iraq: stream Zalm at Taparezina.
Helminthologia, Feb 10, 2021
A total of 1134 freshwater fi shes belonging to Cyprinidae (Acanthobrama marmid (n=20), Alburnus ... more A total of 1134 freshwater fi shes belonging to Cyprinidae (Acanthobrama marmid (n=20), Alburnus caeruleus (n=7), Alburnus mossulensis (n=62), Arabibarbus grypus (n=123), Barbus lacerta (n=7), Capoeta trutta (n=222), C. umbla (n=161), Carasobarbus kosswigi (n=5), C. luteus (n=89), Carassius auratus (n=54), Chondrostoma regium (n=52), Cyprinion kais (n=10) and C. macrostomum (n=322)) were collected in different water bodies in Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq for the presence of larval nematode of the genus Conteacaecum. This investigation revealed that 17 fi shes belonged to fi ve species (A. marmid, A. grypus, C. trutta, C. luteus and C. regium) were infected with Contracaecum larvae with prevalence of 35 %, 0.81 %, 0.90 %, 4.49 % and 5.76 %, respectively. The third-larval stage was morphologically studied by optical microscopy, and the ultrastructure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, molecular analysis was carried out by amplifying, sequencing and comparing different gene loci, including internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) and cytochrome oxidase c subunit-II (COX-2), of the different isolated Contracaecum larvae. These sequences were also compared with closely related nematode sequences from the GenBank. Fifteen sequences were obtained for this study from the collected Contracaecum larvae. ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 were amplifi ed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The sequences of ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 revealed that the collected Contracaecum larval specimens from all infected fi sh species represented one species (Contracaecum rudolphii B) based on the identity percentage in the GenBank database. The genetic characterisation of the parasite in the present study is available in the GenBank database, and the obtained ITS-1, ITS-2 and COX-2 sequences were deposited in GenBank. The present study provides information on the accurate identifi cation and molecular analysis of Contracaecum larvae in the infected fi sh species in Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS), Aug 25, 2022
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes ocular toxoplasmosis with mo... more Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes ocular toxoplasmosis with most complications such as developing eye lesions and impaired vision. During the period from October 2021 to April 2022, a total of 174 blood samples were taken from ocular infected patients whom visited Shahid Dr. Aso Hospital in Sulaimani City, Iraq. These samples were tested serologically for detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies (IgG and IgM) with both imunochromatograhpy (rapid test) and ELISA. The serological test demonstrated that 63 IgG (36.2%) and 4 IgM (2.2%) were positive by rapid test imunochromatograhpy. While, 80 IgG (45.9%) and 2 IgM (1.1%) were positive by ELISA. Most of the infections (58.75%) were between 50-69 years old. All patients (80) were examined for intraocular toxoplasmosis lesion, only 10 patients (12.5%) including 2 males (2.5%) and 8 females (10%) had ocular toxoplasmosis lesions. Most of the lesions were scars (old type) while, in some patients they were active lesions. The types of lesions, numbers per each eye, lesion diameter and comparison with the IgG and IgM titers were demonstrated. The present study indicates that ELISA diagnoses are highly sensitive to detect T. gondii than rapid test. In addition, the ocular toxoplasmosis lesions were more prevalent in the elderly and the number of the lesions increased with the age among ocular infected patients.
Zootaxa, 2016
Eidinemacheilus proudlovei, new species, is described from subterranean waters in the Little Zab ... more Eidinemacheilus proudlovei, new species, is described from subterranean waters in the Little Zab River drainage in Iraqi Kurdistan. After the discovery of E. smithi in 1976, E. proudlovei is the second troglomorphic nemacheilid loach found in the Middle East and the second species placed in Eidinemacheilus. Eidinemacheilus proudlovei is distinguished from E. smithi by having 8+8 or 8+7 branched caudal-fin rays, no adipose keel on the caudal peduncle, enlarged jaws and a fully developed head canal system. It furthers differs substantially in its DNA barcode (>8% K2P distance) from all other nemacheilid loaches in the Middle East, Europe and Western India.
American Journal of Biology and Life Sciences, Sep 16, 2015
The fishes were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites. The study revealed the existence of... more The fishes were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites. The study revealed the existence of 45 species of parasites including: seven species of protozoans, 29 species of monogeneans, two species of trematodes, one species each of cestode and nematode, two species of acanthocephalans and three species of crustaceans. The present study revealed that Dactylogyrus suchengtaii and D. carassobarbi were the most parasites prevalent (100% and 90.90%, respectively) in the lake, while Scyphidia arctica was scarce (1.44%). The fish C. trutta was highly infected with parasites (nine species), followed by S. lepidus (eight species) and both C. luteus and M. mastacembelus (six species each), while G. rufa and H. molitrix were less infected (one species each). The ciliated protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was recorded on seven species of fishes with prevalence ranged between 2.89% and 23.52%, followed by the crustacean Lernaea cyprinacea which was recorded on four species of fishes (5%-27.27%).
Zootaxa, May 12, 2021
The Glyptothorax species inhabiting the Euphrates and Tigris drainages are reviewed and six speci... more The Glyptothorax species inhabiting the Euphrates and Tigris drainages are reviewed and six species are recognised, one of which is described herein as new species. Glyptothorax armeniacus is endemic to headwater streams in the Euphrates drainage. Glyptothorax kurdistanicus is endemic to the upper Tigris downstream to the Lesser Zab drainage. Glyptothorax cous and G. steindachneri are riverine species widespread in both the Euphrates and Tigris drainages. Glyptothorax silviae is endemic to Iran. Glyptothorax daemon, new species, from the Greater Zab and Yanarsu in the upper Tigris drainage, is distinguished by having the thoracic adhesive apparatus strongly elevated, 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide, without tubercles on the head, well developed anteromedial striae, the medial pit without striae, and a short adipose fin. Glyptothorax daemon is separated into two mitochondrial lineages, externally indistinguishable and separated by a minimum K2P distance of 2.0% in the DNA barcode region. These lineages are paraphyletic in our analysis indicating past introgressive hybridisation with G. cous. All six species are diagnosed and all, except unstudied G. steindachneri, form distinct mitochondrial clades with between 1.2% and 3.4% minimum K2P distance between them. Species from the Euphrates and Tigris form a monophyletic mitochondrial group separated from 53 other Glyptothorax species studied from India and areas further east.
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, Sep 9, 2015
A total of 255 freshwater fishes, belonging to 17 species, namely: Barbus barbulus, B. grypus, Ca... more A total of 255 freshwater fishes, belonging to 17 species, namely: Barbus barbulus, B. grypus, Capoeta trutta, Capoeta umbla, Carasobarbus luteus, Carassius auratus, Chondrostoma regium, Cyprinion macrostomum, Cyprinus carpio, Garra rufa, Hemiculter leucisculus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Luciobarbus esocinus, Squalius lepidus (Family Cyprinidae), Mystus pelusius (Bagridae), Silurus triostegus (Siluridae) and Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Mastacembelidae), were collected from Darbandikhan Lake, southeast of Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, from March 2012 to the end of October 2012. The fishes were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites. The study revealed the existence of 45 species of parasites including: seven species of protozoans, 29 species of monogeneans, two species of trematodes, one species each of cestode and nematode, two species of acanthocephalans and three species of crustaceans. The present study revealed that Dactylogyrus suchengtaii and D. carassobarbi were the most parasites prevalent (100% and 90.90%, respectively) in the lake, while Scyphidia arctica was scarce (1.44%). The fish C. trutta was highly infected with parasites (nine species), followed by S. lepidus (eight species) and both C. luteus and M. mastacembelus (six species each), while G. rufa and H. molitrix were less infected (one species each). The ciliated protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was recorded on seven species of fishes with prevalence ranged between 2.89% and 23.52%, followed by the crustacean Lernaea cyprinacea which was recorded on four species of fishes (5% - 27.27%).
Science Journal of University of Zakho, Dec 30, 2014
The momogenean Dactylogyrus scrjabinensis Osmanov, 1958 was identified on the gills of the cyprin... more The momogenean Dactylogyrus scrjabinensis Osmanov, 1958 was identified on the gills of the cyprinid fish Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) from Sirwan river, southeast of Sulaimani governorate, Kurdistan region, during the period from April to August 2014, in the present study for the first time in Iraq. The full details of description and measurements of this parasite are given. The prevalence and intensity of infection were 3.94% and 3.66 respectively.
ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, Nov 3, 2021
Biological and applied environmental research, 2022
The monogenean Paradiplozoon zeller (Gyntovt, 1967) (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) was recorded and des... more The monogenean Paradiplozoon zeller (Gyntovt, 1967) (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) was recorded and described in the present study for the first time in Iraq on gills of leuciscid fish Alburnus mossulensis Heckel, 1843 which was collected from Awe Shiler River in Sharbazher Region, north of Sulaimani City in Iraq. This is the first Paradiplozoon species recorded on A. mossulensis in Iraq and it's the twentieth Paradiplozoon species so far recorded from Iraqi fishes. The description and measurements of this parasite are given.
Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A, 2021
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
A total of 255 freshwater fishes, belonging to 17 species, namely: Barbus barbulus, B. grypus, Ca... more A total of 255 freshwater fishes, belonging to 17 species, namely: Barbus barbulus, B. grypus, Capoeta trutta, Capoeta umbla, Carasobarbus luteus, Carassius auratus, Chondrostoma regium, Cyprinion macrostomum, Cyprinus carpio, Garra rufa, Hemiculter leucisculus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Luciobarbus esocinus, Squalius lepidus (Family Cyprinidae), Mystus pelusius (Bagridae), Silurus triostegus (Siluridae) and Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Mastacembelidae), were collected from Darbandikhan Lake, southeast of Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, from March 2012 to the end of October 2012. The fishes were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites. The study revealed the existence of 45 species of parasites including: seven species of protozoans, 29 species of monogeneans, two species of trematodes, one species each of cestode and nematode, two species of acanthocephalans and three species of crustaceans. The present study revealed that Dactylogyrus suchengtaii and D. carassobarb...
Contracaecum is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae, that parasitise many fis... more Contracaecum is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae, that parasitise many fishes which act as an intermediate or paratenic hosts, while the piscivorous birds and mammals are definitive hosts. A total of 44 third larval stage of Contracaecum were collected from 13 infected freshwater fishes belonging to five different species in different water bodies in Sulaimani Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq from January to the end of December 2018. In this investigation, 966 fishes were collected including six species of Nemacheilidae, five species of Cyprinidae, three species of Leuciscidae, two species of Xenocyprididae, one species of each of Bagridae, Heteropneustidae, Mastacembelidae, Mugilidae, Siluridae and Sisoridae. This study revealed that five fish species (Cyprinus carpio, Luciobarbus barbulus, L. esocinus, L. xanthopterus and Mastacembelus mastacembelus) were infected with Contracaecum larvae with the prevalence of 2.05%, 0.92%, 1.92%, 19.35% and 1.06%, respecti...
Zootaxa
The Glyptothorax species inhabiting the Euphrates and Tigris drainages are reviewed and six speci... more The Glyptothorax species inhabiting the Euphrates and Tigris drainages are reviewed and six species are recognised, one of which is described herein as new species. Glyptothorax armeniacus is endemic to headwater streams in the Euphrates drainage. Glyptothorax kurdistanicus is endemic to the upper Tigris downstream to the Lesser Zab drainage. Glyptothorax cous and G. steindachneri are riverine species widespread in both the Euphrates and Tigris drainages. Glyptothorax silviae is endemic to Iran. Glyptothorax daemon, new species, from the Greater Zab and Yanarsu in the upper Tigris drainage, is distinguished by having the thoracic adhesive apparatus strongly elevated, 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide, without tubercles on the head, well developed anteromedial striae, the medial pit without striae, and a short adipose fin. Glyptothorax daemon is separated into two mitochondrial lineages, externally indistinguishable and separated by a minimum K2P distance of 2.0% in the DNA barcode regi...
Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research
This study presents the first record of the monogenean parasite Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, ... more This study presents the first record of the monogenean parasite Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, 1936 on gill filaments of the crucian carp Carassius auratus in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Fifty two fishes were collected from Dukan Lake that is located in the northwest of Sulaimani City from April to the end of July 2015. The prevalence of this parasite was 7.69% and the mean of intensity was 8.5. The description and measurement of this parasite has been discussed in details in the current work. The aim of the studyis to indicate the parasitic fauna of an exotic species of fish that introduced in Dukan Lake in Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Science Journal of University of Zakho
Zootaxa, 2017
Two new species of Oxynoemacheilus are described from the Sirvan River drainage in Iraqi Kurdista... more Two new species of Oxynoemacheilus are described from the Sirvan River drainage in Iraqi Kurdistan. Oxynoemacheilus gyndes, new species, is distinguished by having a very short lateral line, reaching behind the pectoral-fin base, no scales except on the posteriormost part of the caudal peduncle, a slightly emarginate caudal fin and no suborbital groove in males. Oxynoemacheilus hanae, new species, is distinguished by having a midlateral row of elongated blotches, isolated patches of dark-brown spots or blotches on lower flank, a deeply emarginate caudal fin and a suborbital groove in males.
This study presents the first record of the monogenean parasite Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, ... more This study presents the first record of the monogenean parasite Dactylogyrus dulkeiti Bychowsky, 1936 on gill filaments of the crucian carp Carassius auratus in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Fifty two fishes were collected from Dukan Lake that is located in the northwest of Sulaimani City from April to the end of July 2015. The prevalence of this parasite was 7.69% and the mean of intensity was 8.5. The description and measurement of this parasite has been discussed in details in the current work. The aim of the study is to indicate the parasitic fauna of an exotic species of fish that introduced in Dukan Lake in Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
ABSTRACT A total of 226 freshwater fishes, belonging to 14 species, were collected from Darbandik... more ABSTRACT A total of 226 freshwater fishes, belonging to 14 species, were collected from Darbandikhan Lake, southeast of Sulaimania city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, from March 2012 to the end of October 2012. The fishes were examined for monogeneans parasites. The study revealed the existence of 25 species of parasites including 20 species of Dactylogyrus, three species of Dogielius and two species of Gyrodactylus. Five species of these parasites (D. dyki, D. persis, D. mascomi, D. suchengtaii and G. molnari) were recorded for the first time in Iraq, and four species (D. barbiodies, D. formosus, D. lenkorani and G. sprostonae) were recorded in Kurdistan region. Also, some fish species were recorded as new hosts for some parasite species. The present study revealed that D. suchengtaii and D. carassobarbi had the highest prevalence f 100% and 90.90%, respectively in the lake. Introduction The monogeneans are group of ectoparasites living on the skin, fins and gills representing the largest group of fish parasites, with up to 20000 species described to date (25). They are belonging to phylum Platyheminthes. They cause fish death and mass mortalities associated with large economical losses. For example, Gyrodactylus salaris caused losses accounted for about 300 tons in salmon farms of Norway (28). Dactylogyrus vastator caused great damage to the gill filaments and severe mortalities of carp and gold fishes in California and southern Ontario fish farms (19). The first information on monogeneans from the Iraqi freshwater fishes was given by Fattohy (16), who recorded Diplozoon kasimii on the gills of Cyprinion macrostomum from Tigris River in Mosul city. The checklist of parasites of fishes from Iraq includes 104 species of monogeneans belonging to 21 genera (22).
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Papers by Younis Abdullah