Papers by kamaran karadakhy
Medical Journal of Babylon, 2018
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the most common fatal malignant neoplasm worldwide, especially in... more Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the most common fatal malignant neoplasm worldwide, especially in developing countries. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between radiological and clinicopathological findings of the LC. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 446 patients in Erbil city/Iraq from January of 2014 to December of 2016. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 65.21 (±10.9) for males versus 62.1 (±9.98) years for females. Most cases of squamous cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma were current or ex-smokers, whereas adenocarcinoma was common in passive and never smokers. The right lung was affected more than the left lung (P < 0.05). The most common histological subtypes in the right upper lobe were adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma, whereas the left upper lobe was affected mostly by squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.001). Adenocarcinoma commonly presented with peripheral mass, whereas hilar ± central mass was common in small-cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cavitation was seen mainly in squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.001). Conclusions: LC is a disease of old age presenting at late stage. Smoking remains the major cause of LC. Despite increasing the frequency of adenocarcinoma still it is not more common than squamous cell carcinoma as seen in developed countries. Adenocarcinoma is predominant in never and passive smokers. The right lung is affected more than the left lung. Adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma affect the right upper lobe, whereas squamous cell carcinoma affects the left upper lobe. Further studies are necessary to confirm or refute the side and lobe preference by LC.
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College, Oct 15, 2018
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College, Oct 15, 2018
Advanced Medical Journal
Background and objectives: Transbronchial lung biopsy was introduced into clinical practice as a ... more Background and objectives: Transbronchial lung biopsy was introduced into clinical practice as a diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of diffuse lung diseases and it is relatively noninvasive and safe to obtain tissue lung biopsies. Our aim was to evaluate this procedure for the diagnosis of patients with different lung pathologies. Methods: A prospective study of 50 cases with a variety of respiratory symptoms and chest imaging findings like mass lesions, infiltrations and consolidations, referred to our respiratory center from August 2017 to August 2018. Flexible bronchoscope and C-arm fluoroscope had been. Results: The most common radiological findings were consolidations (34%), masses (16%) and cavitation (10%). The diagnostic yield of Transbronchial lung biopsy was 50 % of the cases, 8 cases (16 %) out of these were mycobacterium tuberculosis, 6 cases (12%) were cryptogenic organizing pneumonia ,5 cases (10%) were bronchogenic carcinoma,3 cases (6%) were usual interstitial pn...
Tanaffos, 2016
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income count... more Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income countries. The current study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of the disease and describe its epidemiological characteristics in Iraqi Kurdistan. A retrospective study was carried out on cases registered in the directly observed treatment-short course (DOTS) centers in Sulaimaniyah province. Information was collected from the summary reports of all cases registered in 2010 and detailed information was obtained from 307 cases in the main center. During 2010, a total of 530 new and relapsed cases were registered in the DOTS centers amounting to an annual incidence of 31 per 100,000. Over 73% of cases were pulmonary TB and 45% of all cases had positive smear. Most common symptoms were cough (58%), sweating (49%) and fever (48). Almost 43% of patients were diagnosed by direct swab examination, 30% by biopsy and 23% through clinical and radiologic examination. In relation to outcome, 89% o...
Journal of AOAC International, 2019
Background: Coffee is an important agricultural commodity with technical barriers for exportation... more Background: Coffee is an important agricultural commodity with technical barriers for exportation because of possible contamination with ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin nephrotoxic and carcinogenic. The maximum limit for OTA in roasted coffee is 5.0 μg/kg in the European Union and 10 μg/kg in Brazil, and the use of certified reference materials (CRM) is required for reliable measurements. Objective: This paper describes the development of a candidate CRM of OTA in roasted coffee following the requirements of ISO 17034 and ISO Guide 35. Methods: A primary method of isotope dilution MS was developed and validated using (13C20)-OTA as internal standard. The sample preparation was based on AOAC Official Methods of AnalysisSM using immunoaffinity column. Results: The linear working range is 2.0–15.0 μg/kg, with recoveries of 92.2–110.8% and relative SDs lower than 12.4%. The method was successfully applied to the feasibility study, which defined the procedure for preparation of a large b...
The Japanese journal of psychology, 2018
Does perspective taking predict changes in social skills? The moderating role of affiliation motives
Medical Journal of Babylon, 2018
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the most common fatal malignant neoplasm worldwide, especially in... more Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the most common fatal malignant neoplasm worldwide, especially in developing countries. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between radiological and clinicopathological findings of the LC. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 446 patients in Erbil city/Iraq from January of 2014 to December of 2016. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 65.21 (±10.9) for males versus 62.1 (±9.98) years for females. Most cases of squamous cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma were current or ex-smokers, whereas adenocarcinoma was common in passive and never smokers. The right lung was affected more than the left lung (P < 0.05). The most common histological subtypes in the right upper lobe were adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma, whereas the left upper lobe was affected mostly by squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.001). Adenocarcinoma commonly presented with peripheral mass, whereas hilar ± central mass was common in small-cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cavitation was seen mainly in squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.001). Conclusions: LC is a disease of old age presenting at late stage. Smoking remains the major cause of LC. Despite increasing the frequency of adenocarcinoma still it is not more common than squamous cell carcinoma as seen in developed countries. Adenocarcinoma is predominant in never and passive smokers. The right lung is affected more than the left lung. Adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma affect the right upper lobe, whereas squamous cell carcinoma affects the left upper lobe. Further studies are necessary to confirm or refute the side and lobe preference by LC.
Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 2022
Introduction Subcutaneous emphysema caused by a surgical operation is known as surgical emphysema... more Introduction Subcutaneous emphysema caused by a surgical operation is known as surgical emphysema, and if the cause is unknown, it is known as spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema. The current study aims to report a rare case of recurrent spontaneous SE of unknown origin. Case report A 27-year-old male patient presented with swelling of the chest, neck, and face that had started 20 days prior. There was crepitation on palpation. Pulmonary function tests were normal. Laryngoscopy showed a normal larynx. Bronchoscopy showed a normal bronchial tree except for some redness in the trachea and left main bronchus. Computed tomography of the chest with contrast showed subcutaneous emphysema in the anterior chest and lower neck. The patient reported a similar condition 3 years prior resulting in swelling of the upper left chest with an associated pneumothorax that was treated with tube thoracostomy. Workup including VATS was done to find the underlying cause but no cause was found. Discussion The pathogenesis is the same as in the most cases. Air that is driven into the interstitial tissues around the pulmonary vasculature gradually moves back toward the lung's hilum, resulting in pneumomediastinum. The air gradually spreads to the soft tissues of the neck, face, chest, and limbs, resulting in widespread subcutaneous emphysema. Conclusion Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema without known origin is a rare condition that may resolve by conservative treatment.
Tanaffos, 2016
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-... more Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income countries. The current study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of the disease and describe its epidemiological characteristics in Iraqi Kurdistan. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on cases registered in the directly observed treatment-short course (DOTS) centers in Sulaimaniyah province. Information was collected from the summary reports of all cases registered in 2010 and detailed information was obtained from 307 cases in the main center. Results: During 2010, a total of 530 new and relapsed cases were registered in the DOTS centers amounting to an annual incidence of 31 per 100,000. Over 73% of cases were pulmonary TB and 45% of all cases had positive smear. Most common symptoms were cough (58%), sweating (49%) and fever (48). Almost 43% of patients were diagnosed by direct swab examination, 30% by biopsy and 23% through clinical and radiologi...
Annals of Medicine and Surgery
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College
Tanaffos, 2016
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income count... more Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income countries. The current study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of the disease and describe its epidemiological characteristics in Iraqi Kurdistan. A retrospective study was carried out on cases registered in the directly observed treatment-short course (DOTS) centers in Sulaimaniyah province. Information was collected from the summary reports of all cases registered in 2010 and detailed information was obtained from 307 cases in the main center. During 2010, a total of 530 new and relapsed cases were registered in the DOTS centers amounting to an annual incidence of 31 per 100,000. Over 73% of cases were pulmonary TB and 45% of all cases had positive smear. Most common symptoms were cough (58%), sweating (49%) and fever (48). Almost 43% of patients were diagnosed by direct swab examination, 30% by biopsy and 23% through clinical and radiologic examination. In relation to outcome, 89% o...
The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology, 2009
We performed a prospective observational study to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency... more We performed a prospective observational study to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients attending a general otolaryngology clinic in South Auckland, New Zealand. From July 21,2008, to August 7, 2008, all new patients presenting to otolaryngology clinics at which one of the authors (D.R.) was present had their vitamin D status assessed by measurement of their plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level. Of 48 patients, 2% had 25(OH)D levels of 17.5 nmol/L or less (a level associated with osteomalacia), 58% had 25(OH)D levels of 50 nmol/L or less (a level associated with vitamin D deficiency), and 100% had 25(OH)D levels of 80 nmol/L or less. Most of the patients attending a general otolaryngology clinic in South Auckland are vitamin D-deficient. It is unclear whether low vitamin D levels are associated more directly with otolaryngological disorders or skin type, because the small size of this study and the broad range of conditions seen precluded a meaningful sta...
Journal of Sulaimani Medical College
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Papers by kamaran karadakhy