Papers by Adel Al-Zubairi
Validated high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for analysis of zerumbone in plasma
Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017
is an International, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original article in experime... more is an International, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original article in experimental & clinical medicine and related disciplines such as molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, biophysics, bio-and medical technology. JMS is issued four times per year on paper and in electronic format.
MOJ Toxicology, 2017
Essential Oils (EOs) are used in many products to be intended for human utilization. Despite thei... more Essential Oils (EOs) are used in many products to be intended for human utilization. Despite their pharmacological applications in the folk and traditional medicine, studies on EO anti-proliferative properties are still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative properties of hydrodistilled EO from 16 aromatic plants grown in Yemen. The cytotoxicity of the EOs was determined against seven cell lines namely; HeLa, MCF7, MDA-MB 231, CEMss, WEHI-3B, 3T3 and CHO cell lines using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. Lantana camara EO was the most cytotoxic extract against all tested cell lines with an IC50 value of ≤0.01% (v/v), except the non-tumorous cell lines CHO with IC50 value of 0.025%±0.005% v/v. While Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO showed high cytotoxic activity against HeLa, MDA-MB 231, 3T3 and CHO cell lines with IC50 value of ≤0.010% (v/v). EO from Ocimum basilicum and Mentha piperita were among the ones with no activity or IC50 value of >0.010% (v/v). The results demonstrated the potential of the EO from aromatic plants from Yemen for possible source of cancer treatment.
OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 2018
Zerumbone (ZER) is a cytotoxic phytochemical component extracted from the tropical herbal plant, ... more Zerumbone (ZER) is a cytotoxic phytochemical component extracted from the tropical herbal plant, Zingiber Zerumbet smith. It has been identified as an active anticancer compound. This study was aimed to evaluate in vitro the anti-proliferative activity of this bioactive compound, zerumbone, on seven cancer cell lines namely: CEMss (T4lymphoplastoid), Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO), 3T3 (mouse fibroblast), WEHI-3 (murine monomyelocytic leukemia), HeLa (Human cervical cancer), MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and MDA-MB-231 (human mammary cancer-estrogen negative). The antiproliferative activity of ZER was evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl]-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, together with the commercially available anticancer drug Cisplatin as a control drug. The most sensitive cells to ZER were found to be WEHI-3B, 3T3 and Hela cell lines with an IC 50 of 5, 6 and 6.4 µg mL −1 , respectively, followed by CEMss cell lines with an IC 50 of 12 µg mL −1. This indicates the possible potential use of ZER for treatment of hematological cancers in addition to the cervical cancer. Meanwhile, ZER was found to be less toxic to the normal cell lines CHO.
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2016
Catha edulis (Khat) is an evergreen shrub or small tree, traditionally used by various peoples of... more Catha edulis (Khat) is an evergreen shrub or small tree, traditionally used by various peoples of the Arabian Peninsula and Africa as an integral component of the socioeconomic traditions. It is believed that the psychostimulant nature and toxic nature of khat is primarily due to the presence of cathinone and cathine respectively. Studies have shown that khat chewing is closely associated with cardiac complications, especially myocardial infarction. Hence in this study, we exposed cathine-rich khat extract in a cardiomyoblast H9c2 (2-1) cell line to check the cell death mechanism. Extraction of Catha edulis leaves was done and the presence of cathine was confirmed with LC-MS-MS. The anti-proliferative activity was assayed using MTT and apoptosis detection by acridine orange/propidium iodide assay. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein and caspase-3/7 expression were analyzed. The level of reactive oxygen species generation was also evaluated. The khat extract showed an IC50 value of 86.5 μg/ml at 48 hours treatment. We have observed significant early apoptosis events by intervened acridine orange within the fragmented DNA with bright green fluorescence upon treatment. The Bcl-2 expression in the treatment with IC50 concentration of khat extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation significantly decreased with increase in bax level. The increased activation of caspase-3/7 was significantly observed upon treatment together with significant increase of ROS was detected at 24 and 48 hours treatment. Collectively, our results provide insight into the mechanisms by which Catha edulis leaves mediate cell death in cardiomyocytes. Catha edulis (Khat) is an evergreen psychotropic shrub or small treeExtraction of khat leaves was done and the presence of cathine was confirmed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometryThe khat extract showed an IC(50) value of 86.5 μg/ml at 48 h treatment in H9c2 (2-1) cell lineThe observed cell death was associated with increased expression of Bcl2 and caspase-3Significant increase of reactive oxygen species was also detected in the cell with treatment. Abbreviations used: CNS: central nervous system; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; TLC: thin layer chromatography; ESI: electrospray ionization; FBS: fetal bovine serum; DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide; AO; acridine orange; PI; propidium iodide; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; HBSS: hank's balanced salt solution; DCFH-DA: 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate; NAC, 10 mM: NAC: N-acetyl cysteine; ROS: reactive oxygen species.
The effect of regular khat (Catha edulis) chewing on plasma lipid peroxidation as a biomarker of ... more The effect of regular khat (Catha edulis) chewing on plasma lipid peroxidation as a biomarker of oxidative stress and free radical activity (measured as plasma malondialdehyde, MDA), as well as on the lipid profile were investigated in male and female Yemeni khat chewers. Plasma levels of MDA were observed to be sex related, being significantly lower in females compared to males. Along the same line, plasma triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in females, whereas plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in females compared to males. The latter was surprisingly decreased in khat chewer females as compared to the non khat chewer females. Khat chewing observed to have greater effects, in the parameters investigated in this study, on females than in males suggesting the presence of sex related factors. The results of this pilot study recommend further investigation into the effects of Catha edulis chewing in females.
International Journal of Cancer Research, 2014
International Journal of Pharmacology, 2009
International Journal of Pharmacology, 2010
Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2008
International Journal of Cancer Research, 2008
International Journal of Pharmacology, 2012
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Cancer-related and cancer deaths are increasing worldwide as reported by the World Health Organiz... more Cancer-related and cancer deaths are increasing worldwide as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012, in which14 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million cancer-related death has been recorded (Ferlay et al. 2013). Lifestyles and environmental factors represent the causes of 30% of cancer deaths and herbal preparations are among the possible causes of these death cases. Using of medicinal herbs has been continuously increasing for the recent decades throughout the world as complementary and alternative medicines particularly in Western countries (Cheng and Leung, 2012). According to the WHO, reports, approximately 80% of the population still relies on the traditional use of herbal medicine for primary healthcare (Mukherjee 2002; Bodeker ET AL. 2005
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology
Objective: Several natural products are being increasingly used in the treatment of cancer to min... more Objective: Several natural products are being increasingly used in the treatment of cancer to minimize the adverse side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Zerumbone (ZER), the sesquiterpene derived from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, has been reported to have an in vitro anticancer effects against various human tumour cells as well as in vivo against a number of induced malignancies in mice. Previously we have reported the genotoxic effects of ZER in vitro against CHO cell lines. Material and Method: The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of the combination of ZER along with cisplatin in CHO cells. Two cytogenetic endpoints were used, namely Chromosomal Aberrations assay (CA) and Micronucleus test (MN). Both cytogenetic endpoints were performed without any metabolic activation. Result: ZER treated cultures showed the significant increase in the frequency of the chromosome aberrations and MN induction. In CA assay, marked changes have been observed after co-treatment o...
Biochemical and Mutagenic Effects of 'khat' (Catha edulis) in rats"
Several natural products are being increasingly used in treatment of cancer to minimize the adver... more Several natural products are being increasingly used in treatment of cancer to minimize the adverse side
effects of cancer chemotherapy. Zerumbone (ZER), the sesquiterpene derived from Zingiber zerumbet smith,
has been reported to have an in vitro anticancer effects against various human tumour cells as well as in vivo
against a number of induced malignancies in mice. Previously we have reported the genotoxic effects of ZER
in vitro against CHO cell lines. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of combination of
ZER along with cisplatin in CHO cells. Two cytogenetic end points were used, namely Chromosomal Aberrations
assay (CA) and Micronucleus test (MN). Both cytogenetic endpoints were performed without any metabolic
activation. ZER treated cultures showed significant increase in frequency of the chromosome aberrations and
MN induction. In CA assay, marked changes have been observed after co-treatment of CHO cell lines with
different concentration of ZER along with 5 µM Cisplatin when compared to ZER treatment alone, suggesting
a possible synergistic genetoxic effects. Whereas, treatment of CHO cell lines with different concentrations of
ZER along with 2.5 µM Cisplatin was found to reduce chromosomal aberrations, suggesting an antagonistic
genotoxic effects. On the other hand, in MN induction test, co-treatment of CHO cell lines with both 2.5 µM and
5 µM Cisplatin and different concentration of ZER found to reduce the genotoxic effects compared to the 2.5 µM
and 5 µM Cisplatin alone suggesting an antagonistic genotoxic effects. The genotoxic effects of combined low
concentrations of Cisplatin with different concentrations of ZER could have an antagonist genotoxic potential
in vitro in CHO cell lines.
Palm date fruits have been used for nutritional and medicinal purposes in Middle Eastern countrie... more Palm date fruits have been used for nutritional and medicinal purposes in Middle Eastern countries. They are used in folk medicine for treatment of liver diseases and highly recommended to be consumed by pregnant women before and after delivery. Therefore, the present work aimed to determine the total phenolic content and total flavonoids in three syrups obtained from palm dates extracted with aqueous ethanol (80%) and to evaluate in vitro their antioxidative properties. The new findings showed that the three tested syrups contained significantly different amounts of both total phenolic content and total flavonoids. Syrups can be arranged according to the increase of total phenolic contents and total flavonoids as follows: Yemeni-Rotab >-Saudi-Tamr > Iraqi-Tamr. The results of antioxidant activities of palm dates syrups obtained by using different in vitro methods were varied depending on the method used. According to the TBARS method, H 2 O 2 scavenging ability and DPPH methods, all syrups showed to have high to very high antioxidant activities. On the other hand, syrups showed low to intermediate antiox-idant activities when other methods were used, such as the scavenging ability of Å OH and NO and the ability to chelate Fe 2+ ions. Generally, the values of antioxidant activities of Rotab-syrup have been shown to be always the highest.
Background: Catha edulis (Khat) is an evergreen shrub or small tree, traditionally used by variou... more Background: Catha edulis (Khat) is an evergreen shrub or small tree, traditionally used by various peoples of the Arabian Peninsula and Africa as an integral component of the socioeconomic traditions. It is believed that the psychostimulant nature and toxic nature of khat is primarily due to the presence of cathinone and cathine respectively. Studies have shown that khat chewing is closely associated with cardiac complications, especially myocardial infarction. Hence in this study, we exposed cathine-rich khat extract in a cardiomyoblast H9c2 (2-1) cell line to check the cell death mechanism. Materials and Methods: Extraction of Catha edulis leaves was done and the presence of cathine was confirmed with LC-MS-MS. The anti-proliferative activity was assayed using MTT and apoptosis detection by acridine orange/propidium iodide assay. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein and caspase-3/7 expression were analyzed. The level of reactive oxygen species generation was also evaluated. Results: The khat extract showed an IC50 value of 86.5 µg/ml at 48 hours treatment. We have observed significant early apoptosis events by intervened acridine orange within the fragmented DNA with bright green fluorescence upon treatment. The Bcl-2 expression in the treatment with IC50 concentration of khat extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation significantly decreased with increase in bax level. The increased activation of caspase-3/7 was significantly observed upon treatment together with significant increase of ROS was detected at 24 and 48 hours treatment. Conclusion: Collectively, our results provide insight into the mechanisms by which Catha edulis leaves mediate cell death in cardiomyocytes.
Due to its stimulating and pleasurable effects, chewing the leaves of khat (Catha edulis)
is a wi... more Due to its stimulating and pleasurable effects, chewing the leaves of khat (Catha edulis)
is a widespread habit among the people of East Africa and Arabian Peninsula. The aim
of this study was to assess the genotoxicity of the fresh khat leaves extract in CHO cell
lines using two cytogenetic endpoints, Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay and
Micronucleus test (MN). The chromosome aberrations and micronucleus induction test
were performed without any metabolic activation system. Data were analyzed by
Chi-square using SPSS version 24.0. High concentrations of fresh khat leaves extract
(500 and 5000 μg mLG1) were found to reduce the mitotic index (MI) significantly
(p<0.05), while only the highest concentration (5000 μg mLG1) was found to induce
chromosomal aberrations. In contrast, the results of MN induction test showed no
significant micronuclei formation after treatment with different concentrations, however,
the cytochalasin-B proliferation index (CBPI) was found to be affected by the highest
concentration of the fresh khat leaves extract. Only high concentrations of fresh khat
leaves extract induced chromosomal aberrations and dicentrics, rings chromosomes,
breaks and exchanges were the main types of aberrations induced by fresh khat leaves
extract.
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Papers by Adel Al-Zubairi
effects of cancer chemotherapy. Zerumbone (ZER), the sesquiterpene derived from Zingiber zerumbet smith,
has been reported to have an in vitro anticancer effects against various human tumour cells as well as in vivo
against a number of induced malignancies in mice. Previously we have reported the genotoxic effects of ZER
in vitro against CHO cell lines. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of combination of
ZER along with cisplatin in CHO cells. Two cytogenetic end points were used, namely Chromosomal Aberrations
assay (CA) and Micronucleus test (MN). Both cytogenetic endpoints were performed without any metabolic
activation. ZER treated cultures showed significant increase in frequency of the chromosome aberrations and
MN induction. In CA assay, marked changes have been observed after co-treatment of CHO cell lines with
different concentration of ZER along with 5 µM Cisplatin when compared to ZER treatment alone, suggesting
a possible synergistic genetoxic effects. Whereas, treatment of CHO cell lines with different concentrations of
ZER along with 2.5 µM Cisplatin was found to reduce chromosomal aberrations, suggesting an antagonistic
genotoxic effects. On the other hand, in MN induction test, co-treatment of CHO cell lines with both 2.5 µM and
5 µM Cisplatin and different concentration of ZER found to reduce the genotoxic effects compared to the 2.5 µM
and 5 µM Cisplatin alone suggesting an antagonistic genotoxic effects. The genotoxic effects of combined low
concentrations of Cisplatin with different concentrations of ZER could have an antagonist genotoxic potential
in vitro in CHO cell lines.
is a widespread habit among the people of East Africa and Arabian Peninsula. The aim
of this study was to assess the genotoxicity of the fresh khat leaves extract in CHO cell
lines using two cytogenetic endpoints, Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay and
Micronucleus test (MN). The chromosome aberrations and micronucleus induction test
were performed without any metabolic activation system. Data were analyzed by
Chi-square using SPSS version 24.0. High concentrations of fresh khat leaves extract
(500 and 5000 μg mLG1) were found to reduce the mitotic index (MI) significantly
(p<0.05), while only the highest concentration (5000 μg mLG1) was found to induce
chromosomal aberrations. In contrast, the results of MN induction test showed no
significant micronuclei formation after treatment with different concentrations, however,
the cytochalasin-B proliferation index (CBPI) was found to be affected by the highest
concentration of the fresh khat leaves extract. Only high concentrations of fresh khat
leaves extract induced chromosomal aberrations and dicentrics, rings chromosomes,
breaks and exchanges were the main types of aberrations induced by fresh khat leaves
extract.
effects of cancer chemotherapy. Zerumbone (ZER), the sesquiterpene derived from Zingiber zerumbet smith,
has been reported to have an in vitro anticancer effects against various human tumour cells as well as in vivo
against a number of induced malignancies in mice. Previously we have reported the genotoxic effects of ZER
in vitro against CHO cell lines. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of combination of
ZER along with cisplatin in CHO cells. Two cytogenetic end points were used, namely Chromosomal Aberrations
assay (CA) and Micronucleus test (MN). Both cytogenetic endpoints were performed without any metabolic
activation. ZER treated cultures showed significant increase in frequency of the chromosome aberrations and
MN induction. In CA assay, marked changes have been observed after co-treatment of CHO cell lines with
different concentration of ZER along with 5 µM Cisplatin when compared to ZER treatment alone, suggesting
a possible synergistic genetoxic effects. Whereas, treatment of CHO cell lines with different concentrations of
ZER along with 2.5 µM Cisplatin was found to reduce chromosomal aberrations, suggesting an antagonistic
genotoxic effects. On the other hand, in MN induction test, co-treatment of CHO cell lines with both 2.5 µM and
5 µM Cisplatin and different concentration of ZER found to reduce the genotoxic effects compared to the 2.5 µM
and 5 µM Cisplatin alone suggesting an antagonistic genotoxic effects. The genotoxic effects of combined low
concentrations of Cisplatin with different concentrations of ZER could have an antagonist genotoxic potential
in vitro in CHO cell lines.
is a widespread habit among the people of East Africa and Arabian Peninsula. The aim
of this study was to assess the genotoxicity of the fresh khat leaves extract in CHO cell
lines using two cytogenetic endpoints, Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay and
Micronucleus test (MN). The chromosome aberrations and micronucleus induction test
were performed without any metabolic activation system. Data were analyzed by
Chi-square using SPSS version 24.0. High concentrations of fresh khat leaves extract
(500 and 5000 μg mLG1) were found to reduce the mitotic index (MI) significantly
(p<0.05), while only the highest concentration (5000 μg mLG1) was found to induce
chromosomal aberrations. In contrast, the results of MN induction test showed no
significant micronuclei formation after treatment with different concentrations, however,
the cytochalasin-B proliferation index (CBPI) was found to be affected by the highest
concentration of the fresh khat leaves extract. Only high concentrations of fresh khat
leaves extract induced chromosomal aberrations and dicentrics, rings chromosomes,
breaks and exchanges were the main types of aberrations induced by fresh khat leaves
extract.