Solanum nigrescens

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Solanales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Solanales

Familia: Solanaceae
Subfamilia: Solanoideae
Tribus: Solaneae
Genus: Solanum
Subgenus: S. subg. Solanum
Sectio: S. sect. Solanum
Species: Solanum nigrescens

Name

Solanum nigrescens M.Martens & Galeotti (1845:140)

Lectotype: H. Galeotti 1238 (P00337261, P)
- Isolectotypes: BR (BR000000825045, BR0000008250483), W (acc. no. 0022312, acc. no. 1889-0291397)
- designated by D'Arcy (1974:737)
Type location: Mexico. Oaxaca: "aux bords des ruiseaux de la cordillera de Yavezia", Nov-Apr 1848.

Synonyms

(After Knapp & al., 2019)

Homotypic

Solanum nigrum var. nigrescens (M.Martens & Galeotti) Kuntze (1891:455)

Heterotypic

Solanum nodiflorum var. puberulum Dunal (1852:46) S. nodiflorum = S. americanum
Mill.
- Lectotype: J.L. Berlandier 1904 (G00144231, G-DC)
- Isolectotype: MO (acc. no. 5481286), NY (NY00743232), P (P00319514), W (acc. no. 0022313).
  - Designated by Edmonds (1972:103, "holotype").
- Type location: "Mexico, Bejar" [i.e. United States of America. Texas: Bexar County], Oct 1828.
Solanum caribaeum Dunal (1852:48)
- Lectotype: s.c. s.n. (G0000144199, G-DC)
  - Designated by D'Arcy (1974:735)
- Type location: "In insulis Caribaeis, Jamaica, Guadalupâ".
Solanum crenatodentatum var. ramosissimum Dunal (1852:54, S. crenatodentatum = S. furcatum
)
- In the interval between Särkinen et al. (2018) and Knapp et al. (2019), the authors came to believe this name (originally listed under S. chenopodioides
  ) belonged to the synonymy of S. nigrescens. The name is mistakenly listed under the synonymy of both species in Knapp et al. (2019) due to the reuse of the unaltered synonymy from Särkinen et al. (2018).
- Holotype: G.D. Barbe 82 (P00362535, P)
- Type locality: United States of America. Louisiana: "Basse Louisiane"
Solanum nigrum var. amethystinum Kuntze (1891:455)
Solanum amethystinum (Kuntze) Heiser (1955:296)
- Neotype: O.E. Kuntze s.n. (NY00688134, NY)
  - Designated by Knapp et al., 2019.
- Type location: Costa Rica. San José/Cartago: "Irazu", 24 Jun 1874.
Solanum prionopterum Bitter (1912:5)
- Holotype: J. Gollmer s.n. (B, destroyed; F neg. 2699)
  - This may be part of the same original material as used to describe S. gollmeri (Knapp et al., 2019).
- Type location: Venezuela. Distrito Federal: "Caracas, in arena ad rivulum in valle loci dicti Valle", 25 Mar 1854.
Solanum gollmeri Bitter (1912:202)
- Holotype: s.c. s.n. (B, destroyed; F neg. 2689)
- Lectotype: F (V0361922F, acc. no. 621268; mounted on sheet with F neg. 2689)
  - Designated by Knapp et al. (2019).
- Type location: Cultivated in Berlin ("horto bot. Berol.") from seeds sent from Caracas, Venezuela by J. Gollmer, 1859.
Solanum pruinosum var. phyllolophum Bitter (1913:77)
- Type: None cited, "probably described from living plants" (Knapp et al., 2019).
- Type location: Cultivated in Europe, seeds from Mexico from David Fairchild as USDA-32065.
Solanum subelineatum Bitter (1913:79)
- Type: None cited, "possibly described from living plants" (Knapp et al., 2019), any material in Bremen destroyed in WWII.
- Type location: Cultivated at Bremen from seeds from Mexico sent by U. S. Dept. Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry, no. 32067.
Solanum oligospermum Bitter (1913:80)
- Lectotype: C.G. Pringle 4948 (Z000033841, Z)
- Isolectotypes: BM (BM001017184), BR (BR0000005537983), E (E00570141), GOET (GOET003559), HBG (HBG511469), KFTA (KFTA0000498), NDG (NDG45082), NY (NY00139012), PH (PH00030459), S (acc. no. S-G5704), US (US00027711, acc. no. 251984; US01014256, acc. no. 1418095), W (acc. no. 1895-0004424).
  - Designated by Edmonds (1972:108)
- Type location: Mexico. Oaxaca: Sierra de San Felipe, 7500 ft., Oct 1894.
Solanum durangoense Bitter (1913:82)
- Holotype: E. Palmer 101 (B, destroyed)
- Lectotype: US (US00027556, acc. no. 304231)
- Isolectotypes: BM (BM001034665), F (V0073093F, acc. no. 51213, F. neg. 052464), K (K000063870), MO (MO-568723, acc. no. 1718478), NY (NY00138982)
  - Designated by D'arcy (1974:738).
- Type location: Mexico. Durango: "prope urbem Durango", Apr 1896.
Solanum purpuratum Bitter (1913:85)
- Holotype: J.K. Small & J.J. Carter 8805 (P, P00369223)
- Isotypes: F (acc. # 283797), K (K001161011), NY (NY00111385), US (US00027765, acc. # 758168)).
- Type location: Bahamas. Andros Island: Coppice, near Fresh Creek, Northern Section, 28–13 Jan 1910
Solanum approximatum Bitter (1913:86)
- Holotype: G.E. Nichols 89 (B, destroyed)
- Lectotype: NY (NY00111374)
- Isolectotypes: F (F0073167F, acc. no. 147000), GH (GH00077545), MO (MO-503650, acc. no. 1815480), US (US00027456, acc. no. 429037), YU (YU065289).
  - Designated by Knapp et al. (2019).
- Type location: Jamaica. Saint Andrew: Hardwar Gap, 4000 ft., 17 Jun 1903
Solanum costaricense Heiser (1955:297)
- Holotype: C.B. Heiser 3536 (two-sheets holotype: IND1000067, acc. no. 95105 and IND1000068, acc. no. 95106; IND)
- Isotypes CORD (CORD00004189), US.
- Type location: Costa Rica. Heredia: La Paz, by waterfall, on road to Vara Blanca, about 29 mi. from Heredia, 1400 m, 13 Sep 1953.

References

Bitter, G. (1912a). Solana nova vel minus cognita II. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11(1–3):1–18. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19120110103.
Bitter, G. (1912b). "Solana nova vel minus cognita III". Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11(9–15):202–237. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19120110917.
Bitter, G. (1913). Solana nova vel minus cognita X. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(4–8):49–90. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19130120402.
D’Arcy, W.G. 1974 ["1973"]. Family 170. Solanaceae. In Woodson, R.E., Jr., Schery, R.W. & Collaborators, Flora of Panama, Part IX. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573–780. DOI: 10.2307/2395139 . JSTOR . BHL. Reference page.
Dunal, M.F. 1852. Solanaceae. In Candolle, A.L.P.P. de (ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1–690. V. Masson, Paris. BHL. Reference page.
Edmonds, J.M. (1972). A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bull. 27(1):95–114. DOI: 10.2307/4117874.
Heiser, C.B. (1955). "The Solanum nigrum complex in Costa Rica". Ceiba 4:293–299.
Knapp, S., Barboza, G.E., Bohs, L. & Särkinen, T. 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in North and Central America and the Caribbean. PhytoKeys 123:1–144. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738 . Reference page.
Kuntze, O. 1891. Revisio generum plantarum vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum. Pars II. Pp. 377–1011. Arthur Felix, Leipzig [etc.]. BHL Reference page.
Martens, M. & Galeotti, H. 1845. Enumeratio synoptica plantarum phanerogamicarum ab Henrico Galeotti in regionibus Mexicanis collectarum. Bulletins de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles 12(I): 129–149 BHL, 12(II): 15–36 BHL, 257–278 BHL. Reference page.
Särkinen, T., Poczai, P., Barboza, G.E., van der Weerden, G.M., Baden, M. & Knapp, S. 2018. A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1–223. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991 Reference page.

External links

USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Solanum nigrescens M. Martens & Galeotti in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.
Solanum nigrescens M. Martens & Galeotti – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).

Vernacular names

(Knapp & al., 2019)

English: divine nightshade
español: Tomaquilit, Hierba de golpe, Mahuán, Capulín,Bishate (bishte, bisnate), Tomatal montes, Tonchichi, barbechos, Quelite de jitomate, Teconchichi, Macuy, Pipitzco, Chichiquelite, Chilillo, Tomatito de sabana
日本語: オオイヌホオズキ
Nāhuatl: Tomalkilit
tao: Mu Itaj Tukumal ejal,