Ulyanovsk
Ulyanovsk (Roushie: Улья́новск, umwhile Simbirsk (Симби́рск), is a ceety an the admeenistrative center o Ulyanovsk Oblast, Roushie, locatit on the Volga River 893 kilometer (555 mi) east frae Moscow. Population: 613,793 (2010 Census);[5] 635,947 (2002 Census);[11] 625,155 (1989 Census).[12]
Ulyanovsk Ульяновск | |
|---|---|
 A view o Ulyanovsk | |
 Banner  Coat airms | |
Location o Ulyanovsk  | |
  Ulyanovsk Location o Ulyanovsk  Ulyanovsk Ulyanovsk (Ulyanovsk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 54°19′N 48°22′E / 54.317°N 48.367°ECoordinates: 54°19′N 48°22′E / 54.317°N 48.367°E | |
| Kintra | Roushie |
| Federal subject | Ulyanovsk Oblast[1] |
| Foondit | 1648[2] |
| Govrenment | |
| • Bodi | Ceety Duma[3] |
| • Head | Alexander Pinkov[4] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 316.9 km2 (122.4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 150 m (490 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 613,793 |
| • Estimate (2018)[6] | 626,540 (+2.1%) |
| • Rank | 20t in 2010 |
| • Density | 1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi) |
| • Caipital o | Ulyanovsk Oblast[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Ulyanovsk Urban Okrug |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (UTC+04:00  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 432xxx |
| Dialin code(s) | +7 8422[9] |
| City Day | June 12[10] |
| Twin touns | Krefeld, Macon, Gomel, Minsk |
| OKTMO ID | 73701000001 |
| Website | www |
The ceety is the birthplace o Vladimir Lenin (oreeginally namit Ulyanov), for whom it is namit.
History
eeditSimbirsk wis foondit in 1648 bi the boyar Bogdan Khitrovo. The fort o "Simbirsk" (alternatively "Sinbirsk") wis strategically placit on a hill on the Wastren bank o the Volga River. The fort wis meant tae pertect the eastren frontier o the Roushie Empire frae the nomadic tribes an tae establish a permanent Imperial presence in the aurie.
In 1668, Simbirsk athstuid a month-lang siege bi a 20,000-strang airmy led bi rebel Cossack commander Stenka Razin. An aw in Simbirsk anither kintra rebel, Yemelyan Pugachev, wis impreesoned afore execution. At the time Simbirsk possessed a widden kremlin, which wis destroyed bi a fire durin the 18t century.
As the eastren mairch o the Roushie Empire wis rapidly pushed intae Siberie, Simbirsk rapidly lost its strategic importance, but nanetheless began tae develop intae an important regional center. Simbirsk wis designatit a ceety in 1796.
In the simmer o 1864 Simbirsk wis severely damagit bi fire; housomeivver, the ceety wis quickly rebuilt an continued tae grow. The Holy Trinity Cathedral wis constructit in a restrained Neoclassical style atween 1827–1841. The population o Simbirsk reached 26,000 bi 1856 an 43,000 bi 1897.
In 1924, the ceety wis renamit Ulyanovsk in honour o Vladimir Ulyanov, better kent as Lenin, who wis born in Simbirsk in 1870. Twa ither Roushie poleetical leaders, Alexander Kerensky an Alexander Protopopov, wur an aw born in Simbirsk.
The construction o the Kuybyshev hydroelectric plant (completit in 1957) 200 km dounstream o Ulyanovsk resultit in the floodin o significant tracts o land baith north an sooth o Ulyanovsk an increasin the width o the Volga bi up tae 35 km in some places. Tae this day, some populatit neighborhuids o Ulyanovsk remain well belaw the level o the reservoir, protectit frae floodin bi a dam: it is estimatit that its catastrophic failur wad submerge pairts o the ceety comprisin aroond 5% o its tot population wi as hintle as 10 m o watter.
Durin the Soviet period Ulyanovsk wis an important tourist center, drawin visitors frae aroond the Soviet Union acause o its revolutionary importance.
A major series o explosions occurred at an airms depot o the Roushie military near Ulyanovsk on 13 November 2009. At least twa fowk[13] wur killed in the explosion an 43 wur rescued frae a bomb shelter whaur thay haed taken refuge.
A heat-wave in the ceety in Julie–August 2010 caused the daiths o 300 persons.
Demographics
eedit- Births (2008): 6,774
- Daiths (2008): 8,054[14]
Ethnic composition
eeditClimate
eeditUlyanovsk haes a humid continental climate (meanin het simmers an cauld winters). Average temperatur is -11 °C (11 °F) in Januar, 19 °C (66 °F) in Julie. Hairsts are generally warm, wi snaw beginnin tae accumulate bi the middle o November. Winters tend tae be cauld but wi moderate amoonts o snawfaw, nichttime laws occasionally dippin belaw -25 °C (-13 °F). Simmer wather arrives in the middle o Mey. Precipitation averages aboot 480 millimetres annually. The ceety is subject tae frequent, but moderate, drochts. Ware an simmer are sunny, but Hairst an Winter are uisually cloudy. Median annual temperatur is 5 °C (42 °F). Ulyanovsk is locatit in the Moscow time zone (UTC+3).
| Climate data for Ulyanovsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record heich °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) |
5 (41) |
16.5 (61.7) |
30 (86) |
36.3 (97.3) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.9 (102.0) |
39.3 (102.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
25.7 (78.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
39.3 (102.7) |
| Average heich °C (°F) | −7.7 (18.1) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
20.8 (69.4) |
24.2 (75.6) |
25.4 (77.7) |
23.4 (74.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
9.5 (49.1) |
| Average law °C (°F) | −15.4 (4.3) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
0.9 (33.6) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.7 (53.1) |
7.2 (45.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
0.5 (32.9) |
| Record law °C (°F) | −39.1 (−38.4) |
−39.9 (−39.8) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−5 (23) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−28.6 (−19.5) |
−36.9 (−34.4) |
−39.9 (−39.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29 (1.1) |
21 (0.8) |
19 (0.7) |
29 (1.1) |
36 (1.4) |
66 (2.6) |
87 (3.4) |
47 (1.9) |
53 (2.1) |
41 (1.6) |
29 (1.1) |
27 (1.1) |
484 (19.1) |
| Source: Russian gidrometeocenter | |||||||||||||
Economy
eedit
Ulyanovsk is a significant industrial ceety. The UAZ automobile manufacturin plant, Aviastar-SP Aircraft Company an UMZ are based in the ceety alang wi a variety o licht industry an fuid-processin enterprises.
Tourism is a growin business in the ceety an the surroondin aurie.
The 31st Airborne Brigade o the Roushie Airborne Troops o the airmit forces is based in Ulyanovsk. An ammunition depot on the ootskirts o the ceety wis the scene o a lairge fatal fire on 13 November 2009.[15]
Transport
eeditA railwey brig athort the Volga wis biggit in 1912–1916 an twa automobile lanes wur addit tae it in 1953–1958, allouin for the ceety tae expand on the Eastren (left) bank o the river an transformin it intae a local transport hub.
As the agin Ulyanovsk brig, the anerlie crossin o the Volga in the 400 km stretch frae Kazan tae Tolyatti, coud nae langer cope wi the growin needs o the ceety, the construction o New Ulyanovsk Brig, a truss brig began in the late 1980s. Completion wis delayed significantly due tae catastrophic economic circumstances follaein the collapse o the Soviet Union. Its offeecial openin ceremony wis on 24 November 2009 bi the Roushie Preses Dmitry Medvedev - awtho traffeck wis uisin the brig a few days earlier due arms depot blasts[16]. The brig haes a tot lenth o 5.5 km, makkin it ane o the langest in Europe.[17]
The ceety is an aw dividit bi the river Sviyaga, a tributary o the Volga but whose confluence wi it is aboot 200 km north o the ceety. Three brigs cross the Sviyaga are an aw in a poor condeetion but are bein closed an renovatit frae 2010 onwards.
Local transport in the ceety is providit bi 17 tram lines, 7 trolleybus routes, 50 municipal bus routes an aroond 150 minibus services.
Ulyanovsk is servit bi Ulyanovsk Vostochny Airport an Ulyanovsk Baratayevka Airport (Ulyanovsk Central Airport).
Education
eedit- Ulyanovsk State Technical University, established in 1957 as Ulyanovsk Polytech University. The day Ulyanovsk State Technical University featurs ower 14000 students on different eddication programs at 10 faculties an 48 depairtments.
- Ulyanovsk State University, established in 1988 as a branch o Moscow State University. At the present time, UlSU is ane o the lairgest heicher educational institutions in the Volga region, comprisin 6 institutes, 6 independent faculties, 2 affiliates, 5 junior colleges, 6 learnin centers. UlSU enrolls aboot 15 thoosan students annually, amang them 125 foreign ceetizens frae 20 kintras o the warld.
- Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University
Thare is an aw a nummer o technical an medical colleges in Ulyanovsk.
Airchitectur
eedit
Durin the Soviet period, Ulyanovsk lost hintle o its historical heritage. Aw traces o the oreeginal widden fort are gane, as are aw the kirks o auld Simbirsk; anerlie a few 19t century biggins remain in the ceety, maist notably the hooses whaur Lenin lived atween 1870–1887. The reconstruction o the Cathedral o the Holy Trinity wis considered, but haes syne been canceled. Housomeivver, historical constructions hae remained mony. Amang them the hoose in which writer Goncharov wis born, Protestant kirk an ither biggins.
Sports
eeditVolga[18] plays in the heichest diveesion o the Roushie Bandy League. The ither club Simbirsk plays in the 2nt diveesion.
FC Volga plays in "Urals-Volga" zone o the Roushie Seicont Diveesion.
Notable fowk
eedit- Vladimir Lenin
- Ilya Ulyanov
- Ivan Goncharov
- Alexander Pushkin
- Nikolay Karamzin
- Andrey Sakharov
- Alexander Kerensky
- Pyotr Chardynin (1873–1934), Roushie film director
- Yusuf Akçura (1876–1935), Turkis nationalist
- Ludmila Belousova, Roushie feegur skeitcher.
- Raphael Zon
Gallery
eedit-
The Lutheran kirk -
A view o Kirov street -
The Aw-saints Kirk -
The Victory monument -
The Simbirsk Orthodox Brotherhood -
The Simbirsk Orthodox Brotherhood -
The ceety's Gas-fired power plant -
A mosque in the New toun
Twin touns/sister ceeties
eeditUlyanovsk is twinned wi:
Krefeld, Germany
Trabzon, Turkey
Oklahoma Ceety, Unitit States
Shenzhen, Cheenae
Saransk, Roushie- Zhukovsky, Roushie
Notes
eedit- ↑ a b Governor and Government / Ulyanovsk Oblast / Official website Archived 2010-10-04 at the Wayback Machine: History Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk region (in Roushie)
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 14 Januar 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 7 Mairch 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ a b Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census] (in Roushie). Federal State Stateestics Service.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service. Retrieved 23 Januar 2019.
- ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Roushie). 3 Juin 2011. Retrieved 19 Januar 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 5 December 2011. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ http://www.hella.ru/code/city/ulyanovsk_code.htm
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 12 Juin 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (21 Mey 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002] (in Roushie).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [Aw Union Population Census o 1989: Present Population o Union an Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts an Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Destricts, Urban Settlements, an Veelages Servin as Destrict Admeenistrative Centres]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [Aw-Union Population Census o 1989] (in Roushie). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute o Demografie at the Naitional Resairch Varsity: Heicher Schuil o Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8359359.stm
- ↑ http://www.regnum.ru/news/1112275.html
- ↑ Major fire at Russia arms depot
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 22 Januar 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ Minister of Transport Russian Federation Igor Levitin in the course of working trip to Ulyanovsk Region will estimate the possibility of SEZ creation of port type[deid airtin], PRIME-TASS, Saransk, June 17, 2008
- ↑ http://www.volgahc.ru/
Freemit airtins
eedit| Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae Ulyanovsk. |
- Ulyanovsk Info in Inglis
- Ulyanovsk Ceety Portal (in Roushie)
- The history o Simbirsk Archived 2023-06-03 at the Wayback Machine (in Roushie)
- High resolution satellite photos of Ulyanovsk (in Roushie)