Papers by Philip A Lombardo
This bibliography offers a recommendation of essential readings for scholarship in language and l... more This bibliography offers a recommendation of essential readings for scholarship in language and linguistics.
In the modern era, many methods for the instruction of language principles and skills have been p... more In the modern era, many methods for the instruction of language principles and skills have been proposed, developed, and implemented to assist language learners with their advancement. In this paper, the unique concept of formulaic sequences is presented and examined to demonstrate its practical utility for instruction and furtherance of the skills of English language learners in the classroom. This language concept, while relatively novel and currently underutilized within contemporary instructional situations, has the capacity to provide a clear and engaging framework to accelerate language learning, and qualify students to an exceptional level. The idea has gained considerable momentum as studies in linguistics, neuroscience, and psychology have contributed to its recognition as a logical and legitimate base from which to bolster the development of new and sensible methods for students. A presentation of the history and theories underlying the concept of formulaic sequences is provided, along with a practical component and suggestions for its use in the instructional context.
Relative pronouns are an essential component in the construction of relative clauses in the Engli... more Relative pronouns are an essential component in the construction of relative clauses in the English language. The provision of detail in communication, whether spoken or written, requires proper grammatical frameworks which are set by the proper selection and use of available function words. The successful description of head nouns via a clause requires language users to elect a relative pronoun as a signal word in their conveyance of additional details concerning the subject or object in question. In English, the set of relative pronouns may be small, yet they have proven highly effective for centuries. In recent years, however, the issue of relative pronoun selection has grown in instructional environments, and has left teachers of English wondering which to promote. Thus, from the perspectives of historical usage and communicative realities, this paper examines the current issue and offers analytical postulates to consider in the classroom.
The Hebrew language is a wonderful example of linguistic resilience in the wide and diverse realm... more The Hebrew language is a wonderful example of linguistic resilience in the wide and diverse realm of world languages. The language is today the revived and flourishing medium of communication for the people of the modern state of Israel, yet its history runs far deeper than most other languages found in our world. In this paper, the language is examined from an integrated perspective of Hebrew culture, Middle Eastern history, and diachronic linguistics.
The printed word deeply captivates with its ability to inform, educate, and impact the world. Lit... more The printed word deeply captivates with its ability to inform, educate, and impact the world. Literacy, in the traditional sense of reading printed letter forms upon a page and decoding the intended meaning, was gained by the masses of England through a variety of methods and diverse educational facilities. During the Tudor and Stuart periods, literacy education had a considerable role to play in defining society and producing a public that could stay abreast of topics ranging from religion to local happenings to political ideologies. An examination of historical data is here interlaced with a treatment of sociolinguistic theory, with reference to outstanding political decrees, noteworthy religious movements, and exceptional figures.
Among so many differing methods suggested by classical and modern linguists, the ideal method for... more Among so many differing methods suggested by classical and modern linguists, the ideal method for the adult acquisition of vocabulary remains difficult to ascertain. Implicit vocabulary acquisition, as found in the young learner, persists as the ideal manner by which to acquire new words, while explicit learning prevails as the abiding champion of foreign language classroom methods. In this pilot study, theoretical foundations are presented with respect to the frameworks which have aided the development of implicit and explicit vocabulary instruction. The study is outlined and presented in detail, with academic narrative discussing the cognitive theories and frameworks that may assist learners in their pursuit of words in the target language.
The multiple choice test has been present as an evaluation tool for human minds across a wide var... more The multiple choice test has been present as an evaluation tool for human minds across a wide variety of subjects for approximately one century. The relative ease with which it can be administered and graded, as well as its popularity in many educational institutions across the world, has led to its permanence within testing. Its positive and negative aspects, along with its ubiquitous implementation in the world and its relation to learner effectiveness in contrast to other methods, is examined below.
The existing linguistic situation in Tibet is the result of decades of oppressive rule by the Chi... more The existing linguistic situation in Tibet is the result of decades of oppressive rule by the Chinese political machine. The illegal annexation of Tibet in the mid twentieth century has brought cultural destruction, social ills, economic woes, and language decline to the Land of Snows. Tibetans today suffer under the Red Fist of China, neglected by the United Nations and left largely to fend for their own rights. Language and society in Tibet reflect meekly in the dark shadows of politics, while the identity of Tibetans remains to be determined.
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Papers by Philip A Lombardo