Asad Shabbir

University of the Punjab, Department of Botany, Faculty Member

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Supervisors: Steve W. Adkins, Kunjithapatham Dhileepan, and Myron P. Zalucki
Address: University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

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Kunjithapatham Dhileepan

Steve W Adkins

Naeem Khan

Sheikh Muhammad Masum

Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

sadiq ali

diksha shinde

Abdul Khaliq

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abdul Shukor Bin Juraimi

Vikas Kumar

Kurukshetra University

Ramanathan Kathiresan

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Suppresive plants as weed management tool: Managing Parthenium hysterophorus under simulated grazing in Australian grasslands

Journal of Environmental Management, Oct 1, 2019

Parthenium hysterophorus L. is among one of the most problematic invasive grassland weeds in Aust... more Parthenium hysterophorus L. is among one of the most problematic invasive grassland weeds in Australia, and in many other countries around the world. It can reduce pasture and livestock production, natural community biodiversity, and negatively affect human and animal health. Sowing of selected suppressive pasture plants in parthenium weed infested grasslands has shown potential to improve efficacy of management. However, such species need to be tested for their ability to suppress weed growth under grazing conditions. The parthenium weed suppressive and fodder production capacity of six selected pasture species [purple pigeon grass (Setaria incrassata), buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea), Kangaroo grass (Themeda triandra), bull Mitchell grass (Astrebla squarrosa) and Indian bluegrass (Bothriochloa pertusa)] was tested under no (0%), low (25%), moderate (50%) and heavy (75%) simulated grazing pressures in a grassland area of south-central Queensland, Australia. Purple pigeon grass, buffel grass and butterfly pea legume suppressed the growth of parthenium weed by > 50% under low and moderate simulated grazing pressures, as well as generating moderate to high amounts of fodder biomass (up to 5.07 t ha −1 per year). Native species, Kangaroo grass and bull Mitchell grass both suppressed the parthenium weed's growth by > 50% under low simulated grazing pressure, however, they generated low to moderate amounts of biomass, 1.83 t ha −1 and 2.7 t ha −1 per year, respectively. The sowing of selected suppressive pasture species in parthenium weed infested grasslands with low-to-moderate grazing pressure, assuming this corresponds closely with the simulated treatment, would provide an additional tool to the best practice weed management strategy as well as sustaining fodder production. Adamson and Bray, 1999). Various management approaches such as fire (Vogler et al., 2006), herbicides (Reddy, 1986), seed spread prevention (Parson and Cuthbertson, 1992; Bajwa et al., 2017) and biological control (Dhileepan, 2009) have all been used for the management of parthenium weed in Australia and overseas. However, so far, no single approach alone has provided the desired outcome, and the weed persists and spreads in Australia (Blackmore, 2005) and overseas (Adkins and Shabbir, 2014). In Australia, the best integrated weed management strategy for parthenium weed has been built around a classical biological control program (Dhileepan, 2009), and is combined with other approaches to further increase efficacy (Spooner and Chamberlain, 2000). One important tool that can be combined with biological control is the sowing of suppressive pasture plants that can further reduce the growth and reproductive capacity of the weed (Khan et al., 2013,

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