https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Logo#Temporary_logo_variants covers how to temporarily change a wiki logo via CSS.
T200713#4479001 by @Urbanecm and T240797#5742670 by @Jdforrester-WMF imply that this is not the way to do it, but I don't know the exact reasons - some performance issues, I assume?
I'd like to rewrite part of that wiki page and would welcome your input on improving the this will create performance issues part in:
Do '''not''' overwrite the <code>.mw-wiki-logo</code> CSS class by editing the page <code><nowiki>MediaWiki:Common.css</nowiki></code> on the wiki - this will create performance issues. Instead, [[Requesting wiki configuration changes|request a configuration change]] (and feel encouraged to [[wikitech:Wikimedia site requests#Change the logo of a Wikimedia wiki|write that configuration change yourself]] if you are technically interested).