Proceedings of The American Mathematical Society, 1994
Every needle point contains a compact convex AR-set without any extreme points. In particular the... more Every needle point contains a compact convex AR-set without any extreme points. In particular the following spaces contain such compact convex sets: (i) the spaces Lp , 0 < p < 1 ; (ii) the linear metric space constructed by Roberts (Studia Math. 60 (1977), 255-266).
Objectives. To investigate presenting features, prognostic factors and outcomes of patients with ... more Objectives. To investigate presenting features, prognostic factors and outcomes of patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis (SNV) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all 210 SNV patients followed in our university hospital and admitted to the ICU between 1982 and 2001, with respect to clinical features, ICU disease severity scores (APACHE II and SAPS II), the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS), the five-factors score (FFS) and outcomes. Results. Twenty-six patients (16 men, 10 women) with a mean age of 46.3±16.5 yr were included. The reasons for ICU admission were: active SNV, 20 (77%); infection, 3 (12%); others, 3 (12%). SNV was diagnosed in 11 (42%) patients in the ICU. The mean APACHE II and SAPS II scores were significantly higher for patients who died in the ICU (P ¼ 0.01 and P ¼ 0.01 respectively). After a mean follow-up of 31.4±29.2 months, the overall mortality rate was 39% (10 patients). Among patients admitted to the ICU with active SNV, BVAS calculated at ICU admission was significantly higher for non-survivors at the end of follow-up (26.9±13.0 vs 14.7±4.6, P ¼ 0.02). Conclusion. The main reason for admitting SNV patients to the ICU was active vasculitis, which was often the first manifestation of SNV and led to its diagnosis. ICU disease severity scores at admission were associated with mortality in the ICU but did not predict long-term outcome, unlike BVAS, which accurately predicted long-term outcome but not ICU prognosis for patients admitted to the ICU with active SNV.
A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) tests for detection ... more A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) tests for detection of group A rotavirus and norovirus GII, the commercial Dipstick…
Corticosteroid or 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas are the treatment of choice for distal ulcerative ... more Corticosteroid or 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas are the treatment of choice for distal ulcerative colitis but up to one third of patients may be unresponsive. As an alternative therapy might be advantageous, the efficacy of six weeks&#39; treatment with 2 g 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA) (n = 24) and 20 mg prednisolone enemas (n = 21) were compared in a double blind, randomised trial in patients with acute distal (less than 30 cm from the anus) ulcerative colitis. Baseline demography and clinical severity were similar in both groups. Five of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA and 4 of 21 receiving prednisolone did not complete the trial because of deteriorating symptoms, failure to improve, or side effects. At the time of leaving the trial, 24 hour stool frequency, the presence of blood in the stools, and histological and sigmoidoscopic appearances were similar in both groups. Symptomatic improvement occurred in 17 of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA compared with 11 of 21 receiving prednisolone (chi 2 = 1.62, NS). Complete symptomatic improvement occurred in 9 of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA compared with 5 of 21 receiving prednisolone (chi 2 = 0.98, NS). Histological improvement was seen in 9 of 24 patients on 4-ASA compared with 7 of 21 on prednisolone (chi 2 = 0.08, NS). One patient receiving 4-ASA was considered to have an idiosyncratic reaction to the drug but other side effects were not considered to be drug related. Thus, 4-ASA, previously used in the treatment of tuberculosis (para-aminosalicyclic acid), is as good as prednisolone in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis and should be considered in patients unresponsive to steroids or in whom steroid treatment is undesirable.
Smoke samples, in both gas and particulate matter (PM) phases, of the three domestic stoves were ... more Smoke samples, in both gas and particulate matter (PM) phases, of the three domestic stoves were collected using U.S. EPA modified method 5 and were analyzed for 17 PAH (HPLC-UV), acute toxicity (Microtox test), and mutagenicity (Ames test). The gas phase of smoke contributed g95% of 17 PAH, g96% of toxicity, and g60% of mutagenicity. The highest emission factor of 17 PAH was from sawdust briquettes (260 mg/kg), but the highest emission of 11 genotoxic PAH was from kerosene (28 mg/ kg). PM samples of kerosene smoke were not toxic. The total toxicity emission factor was the highest from sawdust, followed by kerosene and wood fuel. Smoke samples from the kerosene stove were not mutagenic. TA98 indicated the presence of both direct and indirect mutagenic activities in PM samples of sawdust and wood fuel but only direct mutagenic activities in the gas phase. TA100 detected only direct mutagenic activities in both PM and gasphase samples. The higher mutagenicity emission factor was from wood fuel, 12 × 10 6 revertants/kg (TA100-S9) and 3.5 × 10 6 (TA98-S9), and lower from sawdust, 2.9 × 10 6 (TA100-S9) and 2.8 × 10 6 (TA98-S9). The low burning rate and high efficiency of a kerosene stove have resulted in the lowest PAH, toxicity, and mutagenicity emissions from daily cooking activities. The bioassays produced toxicity and mutagenicity results in correspondence with the PAH content of samples. The tests could be used for a quick assessment of potential health risks.
A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every... more A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every pair of vertices is at most t times their distance in G. The TREE t-SPANNER problem asks whether a graph admits a tree t-spanner, given t. We substantially strengthen the hardness result of Cai and Corneil (SIAM J. Discrete Math. 8 (1995) 359 -387) by showing that, for any t ¿ 4, TREE t-SPANNER is NP-complete even on chordal graphs of diameter at most t + 1 (if t is even), respectively, at most t + 2 (if t is odd). Then we point out that every chordal graph of diameter at most t − 1 (respectively, t − 2) admits a tree t-spanner whenever t ¿ 2 is even (respectively, t ¿ 3 is odd), and such a tree spanner can be constructed in linear time.
International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science, 2004
... 1 Institut für Theoretische Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Ro... more ... 1 Institut für Theoretische Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany. {ab,hoang-oanh.le}@informatik.uni-rostock.de 2 Via Latina 7, Pescara 65121 Italy. [email protected] Abstract ... τ := τ1 ⊕ τ2; for i ∈ {1,...,k0} do for j ∈ Si do τ := ηi,k0+j(τ); ...
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1972
The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noi... more The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noise ratios(S/N)are formulated and compared to the ideal case. It is found that cooling can result in a considerable increase of the product (bandwidth)times (S/N). Some practical examples are presented.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1972
The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noi... more The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noise ratios(S/N)are formulated and compared to the ideal case. It is found that cooling can result in a considerable increase of the product (bandwidth)times (S/N). Some practical examples are presented.
Xu hướng toàn cầu hoá xuất hiện vào khoảng những năm 1870 -1913, cho đến ngày nay nó đã trở nên p... more Xu hướng toàn cầu hoá xuất hiện vào khoảng những năm 1870 -1913, cho đến ngày nay nó đã trở nên phổ biến và ngày càng diễn ra hết sức sôi động trên hầu hết mọi mặt của đời sống xã hội. Nói chung toàn cầu hóa được nhắc đến rất nhiều trong các cuộc họp, các buổi nghị sự giữa nguyên thủ các quốc gia bên cạnh những vấn đề nổi cộm của thế giới hiện nay như: khủng bố, phát triển kinh tế, ô nhiễm môi trường, xung đột sắc tộc, tôn giáo,..Và một trong những vấn đề được nhiều người quan tâm đó là toàn cầu hóa văn hóa -bởi xu hướng này đang diễn ra quyết liệt và sâu sắc hơn. Nhưng vấn đề đặt ra ở đây là hiểu nó thế nào cho đúng để đưa ra quyết sách phát triển đúng đắn cho nền văn hóa bản địa, và giữ vững ổn định xã hội.
Proceedings of The American Mathematical Society, 1994
Every needle point contains a compact convex AR-set without any extreme points. In particular the... more Every needle point contains a compact convex AR-set without any extreme points. In particular the following spaces contain such compact convex sets: (i) the spaces Lp , 0 < p < 1 ; (ii) the linear metric space constructed by Roberts (Studia Math. 60 (1977), 255-266).
Objectives. To investigate presenting features, prognostic factors and outcomes of patients with ... more Objectives. To investigate presenting features, prognostic factors and outcomes of patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis (SNV) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all 210 SNV patients followed in our university hospital and admitted to the ICU between 1982 and 2001, with respect to clinical features, ICU disease severity scores (APACHE II and SAPS II), the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS), the five-factors score (FFS) and outcomes. Results. Twenty-six patients (16 men, 10 women) with a mean age of 46.3±16.5 yr were included. The reasons for ICU admission were: active SNV, 20 (77%); infection, 3 (12%); others, 3 (12%). SNV was diagnosed in 11 (42%) patients in the ICU. The mean APACHE II and SAPS II scores were significantly higher for patients who died in the ICU (P ¼ 0.01 and P ¼ 0.01 respectively). After a mean follow-up of 31.4±29.2 months, the overall mortality rate was 39% (10 patients). Among patients admitted to the ICU with active SNV, BVAS calculated at ICU admission was significantly higher for non-survivors at the end of follow-up (26.9±13.0 vs 14.7±4.6, P ¼ 0.02). Conclusion. The main reason for admitting SNV patients to the ICU was active vasculitis, which was often the first manifestation of SNV and led to its diagnosis. ICU disease severity scores at admission were associated with mortality in the ICU but did not predict long-term outcome, unlike BVAS, which accurately predicted long-term outcome but not ICU prognosis for patients admitted to the ICU with active SNV.
A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) tests for detection ... more A prospective study was conducted to evaluate two immunochromatography (ICG) tests for detection of group A rotavirus and norovirus GII, the commercial Dipstick…
Corticosteroid or 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas are the treatment of choice for distal ulcerative ... more Corticosteroid or 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas are the treatment of choice for distal ulcerative colitis but up to one third of patients may be unresponsive. As an alternative therapy might be advantageous, the efficacy of six weeks&#39; treatment with 2 g 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA) (n = 24) and 20 mg prednisolone enemas (n = 21) were compared in a double blind, randomised trial in patients with acute distal (less than 30 cm from the anus) ulcerative colitis. Baseline demography and clinical severity were similar in both groups. Five of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA and 4 of 21 receiving prednisolone did not complete the trial because of deteriorating symptoms, failure to improve, or side effects. At the time of leaving the trial, 24 hour stool frequency, the presence of blood in the stools, and histological and sigmoidoscopic appearances were similar in both groups. Symptomatic improvement occurred in 17 of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA compared with 11 of 21 receiving prednisolone (chi 2 = 1.62, NS). Complete symptomatic improvement occurred in 9 of 24 patients receiving 4-ASA compared with 5 of 21 receiving prednisolone (chi 2 = 0.98, NS). Histological improvement was seen in 9 of 24 patients on 4-ASA compared with 7 of 21 on prednisolone (chi 2 = 0.08, NS). One patient receiving 4-ASA was considered to have an idiosyncratic reaction to the drug but other side effects were not considered to be drug related. Thus, 4-ASA, previously used in the treatment of tuberculosis (para-aminosalicyclic acid), is as good as prednisolone in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis and should be considered in patients unresponsive to steroids or in whom steroid treatment is undesirable.
Smoke samples, in both gas and particulate matter (PM) phases, of the three domestic stoves were ... more Smoke samples, in both gas and particulate matter (PM) phases, of the three domestic stoves were collected using U.S. EPA modified method 5 and were analyzed for 17 PAH (HPLC-UV), acute toxicity (Microtox test), and mutagenicity (Ames test). The gas phase of smoke contributed g95% of 17 PAH, g96% of toxicity, and g60% of mutagenicity. The highest emission factor of 17 PAH was from sawdust briquettes (260 mg/kg), but the highest emission of 11 genotoxic PAH was from kerosene (28 mg/ kg). PM samples of kerosene smoke were not toxic. The total toxicity emission factor was the highest from sawdust, followed by kerosene and wood fuel. Smoke samples from the kerosene stove were not mutagenic. TA98 indicated the presence of both direct and indirect mutagenic activities in PM samples of sawdust and wood fuel but only direct mutagenic activities in the gas phase. TA100 detected only direct mutagenic activities in both PM and gasphase samples. The higher mutagenicity emission factor was from wood fuel, 12 × 10 6 revertants/kg (TA100-S9) and 3.5 × 10 6 (TA98-S9), and lower from sawdust, 2.9 × 10 6 (TA100-S9) and 2.8 × 10 6 (TA98-S9). The low burning rate and high efficiency of a kerosene stove have resulted in the lowest PAH, toxicity, and mutagenicity emissions from daily cooking activities. The bioassays produced toxicity and mutagenicity results in correspondence with the PAH content of samples. The tests could be used for a quick assessment of potential health risks.
A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every... more A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every pair of vertices is at most t times their distance in G. The TREE t-SPANNER problem asks whether a graph admits a tree t-spanner, given t. We substantially strengthen the hardness result of Cai and Corneil (SIAM J. Discrete Math. 8 (1995) 359 -387) by showing that, for any t ¿ 4, TREE t-SPANNER is NP-complete even on chordal graphs of diameter at most t + 1 (if t is even), respectively, at most t + 2 (if t is odd). Then we point out that every chordal graph of diameter at most t − 1 (respectively, t − 2) admits a tree t-spanner whenever t ¿ 2 is even (respectively, t ¿ 3 is odd), and such a tree spanner can be constructed in linear time.
International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science, 2004
... 1 Institut für Theoretische Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Ro... more ... 1 Institut für Theoretische Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany. {ab,hoang-oanh.le}@informatik.uni-rostock.de 2 Via Latina 7, Pescara 65121 Italy. [email protected] Abstract ... τ := τ1 ⊕ τ2; for i ∈ {1,...,k0} do for j ∈ Si do τ := ηi,k0+j(τ); ...
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1972
The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noi... more The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noise ratios(S/N)are formulated and compared to the ideal case. It is found that cooling can result in a considerable increase of the product (bandwidth)times (S/N). Some practical examples are presented.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1972
The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noi... more The performance of electrically small antennas in the presence of noise is studied. Signal-to-noise ratios(S/N)are formulated and compared to the ideal case. It is found that cooling can result in a considerable increase of the product (bandwidth)times (S/N). Some practical examples are presented.
Xu hướng toàn cầu hoá xuất hiện vào khoảng những năm 1870 -1913, cho đến ngày nay nó đã trở nên p... more Xu hướng toàn cầu hoá xuất hiện vào khoảng những năm 1870 -1913, cho đến ngày nay nó đã trở nên phổ biến và ngày càng diễn ra hết sức sôi động trên hầu hết mọi mặt của đời sống xã hội. Nói chung toàn cầu hóa được nhắc đến rất nhiều trong các cuộc họp, các buổi nghị sự giữa nguyên thủ các quốc gia bên cạnh những vấn đề nổi cộm của thế giới hiện nay như: khủng bố, phát triển kinh tế, ô nhiễm môi trường, xung đột sắc tộc, tôn giáo,..Và một trong những vấn đề được nhiều người quan tâm đó là toàn cầu hóa văn hóa -bởi xu hướng này đang diễn ra quyết liệt và sâu sắc hơn. Nhưng vấn đề đặt ra ở đây là hiểu nó thế nào cho đúng để đưa ra quyết sách phát triển đúng đắn cho nền văn hóa bản địa, và giữ vững ổn định xã hội.
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