Papers by Amy Pei-jung Lee
Typological Studies in Language, 2021
This article is a fieldwork report on phonology in Seediq, with a focus on the Truku dialect, whi... more This article is a fieldwork report on phonology in Seediq, with a focus on the Truku dialect, which is mainly spoken in the eastern part of Taiwan. Seediq is a Formosan language belonging to the Atayalic subgroup, which is comprised of three main dialects: Paran, Truku, and Toda. This article provides a study on Truku phonology with a data-oriented approach, including phonemic inventory, phonotactic distribution and restrictions, syllable structure, stress assignment, phonological rules, and morphophonemic alternations.
This paper explores the morphology, syntax and semantics of nominalization in Kavalan. It is show... more This paper explores the morphology, syntax and semantics of nominalization in Kavalan. It is shown that in Kavalan, nominalization and headless relativization, which are both subsumed under the realm of nominalization in the literature, are morphologically, syntactically, and semantically/pragmatically distinct: the former is marked by the nominalizing suffix -an and the latter by the complementizer clitic =ay; the former cannot take accusative noun phrases while the latter can; the former turns its hosts into arguments and the latter into modifiers. Furthermore, it is noted that state predicates and action predicates take different nominalizers: the former is affixed qena-...(-an) and the latter by -an. It is argued that the extra affixal complex qena- can be segmented as a prefix qa- plus an infix -en- and that qa- is likely to be equivalent to the state prefix ka- attested in Formosan languages such as Paiwan, Rukai, Saisiyat, etc., and -en- might correspond to the aspectual/nomi...
EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Oceanic Linguistics, 2017
NATIONAL DONG HWA UNIVERSITY This paper investigates ideophones and interjections, and their corr... more NATIONAL DONG HWA UNIVERSITY This paper investigates ideophones and interjections, and their correlation with sound symbolism, in Seediq, an Austronesian language spoken in central and eastern Taiwan. Ideophones are categorized as onomatopoeic and depictive, and interjections as expressive, conative, and phatic. In terms of structure, most ideophones are characteristic of a CVC syllable with optional reduplication, which is not the case for interjections. Although both ideophones and interjections may function as verbal predicates, only ideophones allow for inflections or derivations. The paper also explores the correlation of ideophones and interjections with imitative, corporeal, synesthetic, and conventionalized sound symbolism. Synesthetic sound symbolism is manifested by the Seediq vowels, with /i/ for diminution, /a/ for augmentation, and /u/ for roundness. Several phonesthemes representing conventionalized sound symbolism are also identified.
Despite the fact that most Formosan languages are seen to be on the verge of extinction in the ne... more Despite the fact that most Formosan languages are seen to be on the verge of extinction in the near future, a comprehensive description of their phonology is still in progress. This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w / in two Formosan languages: Paiwan and Seediq. The former is spoken in the south-western and south-eastern parts of Taiwan, while the latter with three distinctive dialects—Tgdaya, Truku, and Toda, is spoken in Central and Eastern Taiwan. Based on Blust (1999), the two languages are in different subgroups. Paiwan forms a subgroup by itself, whose internal relationship is tentatively divided into the north-west and the south-east branches (Ho 1978). Seediq is one of the two main branches of the Atayalic subgroup. Therefore, this paper also provides a comparative perspective towards the double-faced glide /w / in the two languages. In Paiwan the morphophonemic alternation between the segment /w / and the labiodental fricative [v] is found in most Paiwan villages. Previous documentation from the villages in the western part considered that the derivation is from /w / to [v] (Ho 1977, Ferrell 1982, and Chang 2000). Comparing this alternation in Central Piuma
Language and Cognition, 2014
abstractAs one of the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Amis exhibits abundant lexical ite... more abstractAs one of the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Amis exhibits abundant lexical items for describing odors. This paper investigates the lexical representations of olfaction across the Amis dialects, showing that Amis possesses more than a dozen abstract odor terms, and uses the proclitic hala=/hali=/ha= plus reduplication of a noun as the source-oriented construction for manifesting olfactory perception. This study also incorporates controlled elicitation by using the booklet of ‘The Smell Identification Test™’ to elicit spontaneous descriptions for the perceived odors. The methodology provides further information to shed light on the categories of verbal responses for odors and the degree of perceptual consistency based on culturally dependent experiences.
This paper focuses on the comitativity-related constructions and coordination in the Truku dialec... more This paper focuses on the comitativity-related constructions and coordination in the Truku dialect of Seediq, a Formosan language belonging to the Atayalic group. Regarding comitativity and coordination, three morphemes are found to be structurally involved: deha as the comitative preposition, ka as the comitative case marker, and ni as the conjunctive coordinator. deha in comitativity-related constructions belongs to different grammatical categories. The deha in inclusory constructions is analyzed as the numeral ‘two’. deha is in complementary distribution with the comitative case marker ka and their occurrence depends on the pronominal status of the subject. This paper also presents both conjunctive and disjunctive coordination. The syntactic distribution of the preposition deha and the coordinator ni is also compared. The coordinator ni is used as monosyndeton and polysyndeton. Typologically speaking, coordination in Truku Seediq shows that the position of the coordinator ni in r...
Concentric： Studies in Linguistics, 2012
This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w/ in two Formosan languages: Paiwa... more This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w/ in two Formosan languages: Paiwan and Seediq, and provides both comparative and theoretical perspectives by adopting the framework of contrastive hierarchy with feature specifications. Two phonological processes in Paiwan are revisited: the /w/~/v/ alternation and labial dissimilation. New Paiwan data collected in the east show that the /w/~/v/ alternation only operates at word level (suffixation), not at phrasal level (encliticization). Labial dissimilation no longer applies to the stems with a labial segment in the second syllable. As for Seediq, the phonological impact on Toda regarding the sound correspondence of /g/ (Tgdaya/Paran)-/ɣ/ (Truku)-/w/ (Toda) in the three dialects is discussed. This paper proposes contrastive hierarchy for the phonological patterning of the two languages and concludes with both synchronic variations and diachronic implications.
This paper is a morpho-semantic study of olfactory terms and linguistic expressions for describin... more This paper is a morpho-semantic study of olfactory terms and linguistic expressions for describing odor in four Formosan languages, including Kavalan, Truku Seediq, Paiwan, and Thao, based on the author’s firsthand data. It shows that apart from very limited olfactory terms, reduplication is the most common means for manifesting the meaning of ‘(having) a smell / an odor of X’ in these languages. The formation usually involves a prefix which is found similar in these languages, in Kavalan as su-, Truku Seediq as s-, Paiwan as sa-, and Thao as tu-. Two parameters are taken into consideration: first, the selective restriction on the relevant lexical items for the reduplicative construction, and secondly, the reduplicative patterns in each language. It is proposed that the reason why odor is manifested by reduplication is due to its association with both iterative aspects and plurality. Having a smell is a continuing process, and it is mentally perceptible so that there should be enou...
Oceanic Linguistics, 2011
Oceanic Linguistics, 2011
As one of the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Amis exhibits abundant lexical items for ... more As one of the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Amis exhibits abundant lexical items for describing odors. This paper investigates the lexical representations of olfaction across the Amis dialects, showing that Amis possesses more than a dozen abstract odor terms, and uses the proclitic hala=/hali=/ha= plus reduplication of a noun as the sourceoriented construction for manifesting olfactory perception. This study also incorporates controlled elicitation by using the booklet of ‘The Smell Identifi cation Test™’ to elicit spontaneous descriptions for the perceived odors. The methodology provides further information to shed light on the categories of verbal responses for odors and the degree of perceptual consistency based on culturally dependent experiences.
Concentric: Studies in Linguistics 38.1: 1-37., May 2012
This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w/ in two Formosan languages: Paiwa... more This paper describes the different patterning of the segment /w/ in two Formosan languages: Paiwan and Seediq, and provides both comparative and theoretical perspectives by adopting the framework of contrastive hierarchy with feature specifications. Two phonological processes in Paiwan are revisited: the /w/~/v/ alternation and labial dissimilation. New Paiwan data collected in the east show that the /w/~/v/ alternation only operates at word level (suffixation), not at phrasal level (encliticization). Labial dissimilation no longer applies to the stems with a labial segment in the second syllable. As for Seediq, the phonological impact on Toda regarding the sound correspondence of /g/ (Tgdaya/Paran)-/ɣ/ (Truku)-/w/ (Toda) in the three dialects is discussed. This paper proposes contrastive hierarchy for the phonological patterning of the two languages and concludes with both synchronic variations and diachronic implications.
Oceanic Linguistics, 2011
This paper investigates metaphorical euphemisms underlying the categories of relationship and dea... more This paper investigates metaphorical euphemisms underlying the categories of relationship and death in three Formosan languages: Kavalan, Paiwan, and Seediq, within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson’s Cognitive Metaphor Theory. The term “metaphorical euphemism†is proposed to represent both linguistic and cognitive relations of euphemism and metaphor. A metaphorical euphemism refers to a euphemism that adopts metaphorical mapping of both
sx.ac.uk
Yami is an Austronesian language spoken in Lanyu Island, southeast of Taiwan. In this language, t... more Yami is an Austronesian language spoken in Lanyu Island, southeast of Taiwan. In this language, the nasal in the verbal prefixes, such as maN-, paN/paN/and N-, exhibits peculiar phonetic realization in relation to the following segments. The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to describe this phenomenon in a set of data taken from and the textbook by Tung and Rau (2000), and (2) to provide a theoretical analysis based on Optimality Theory .
This paper focuses on the comitativity-related constructions and coordination in the Truku dialec... more This paper focuses on the comitativity-related constructions and coordination in the Truku dialect of Seediq, a Formosan language belonging to the Atayalic group. Regarding comitativity and coordination, three morphemes are found to be structurally involved: deha as the comitative preposition, ka as the comitative case marker, and ni as the conjunctive coordinator. deha in comitativity-related constructions belongs to different grammatical categories. The deha in inclusory constructions is analyzed as the numeral 'two'. deha is in complementary distribution with the comitative case marker ka and their occurrence depends on the pronominal status of the subject. This paper also presents both conjunctive and disjunctive coordination. The syntactic distribution of the preposition deha and the coordinator ni is also compared. The coordinator ni is used as monosyndeton and polysyndeton. Typologically speaking, coordination in Truku Seediq shows that the position of the coordinator ni in relation to the other coordinands is the type of [A co][B], based on the criterion of intonational phrasing. Following typological study on noun phrase conjunction, this paper concludes that Truku Seediq is an AND-language. The comments from the three anonymous reviewers are also deeply appreciated. Any remaining errors are my responsibilities.
Uploads
Papers by Amy Pei-jung Lee