Papers by DR. Shafi Mohammad
International Journal of Movement Education and Social Science, 2018
The purpose of this study was to compare the selected motor components of offensive and defensive... more The purpose of this study was to compare the selected motor components of offensive and defensive hockey players. For this study total Sixteen (16) subjects were selected from Department of Physical Education, Institute of Professional Studies, Gwalior and Jiwaji University Gwalior (M.P). All subjects were Inter College Level Hockey Players. The age group of subject was 18 to 25 year. The data was collected for each variable by administering their respective tests. To ensure that the data was reliable, each subject was given sufficient time to perform the tests for each variable. To compare the selected motor components of offensive and defensive hockey player, Independent 't' test was applied and level of significance was set at 0.05. After analyzing the data significant difference was found in cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, grip strength and arm strength among offensive and defensive hockey players.
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton. Bones protect the vario... more A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton. Bones protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility. Bone density, or bone mineral density (BMD), is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue. Bone density measurement is used in clinical medicine as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk. DXA is currently the most widely used for the measuring of BMD, but quantitative ultrasound (QUS) has been described as a more costeffective approach to measure bone density. The DXA test works by measuring a specific bone or bones, usually the spine, hip, and wrist. Results are generally scored by two measures, the T-score and the Z-score. Scores indicate the amount one's bone mineral density varies from the mean. Negative scores indicate lower bone density, and positive scores indicate higher. Osteopenia and Osteoporosis are Common problems related to bone mineral density. Many studied showed that Physical exercise is an important factor in the acceleration and maintenance of bone mineral density (BMD). High-impact sports have been linked to increased bone density in young athletes. Many other studies held in recent past has proved that Individuals over 30, can still improve bone health through exercise.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most fatal disorders that affect patients amongst musculoskelet... more Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most fatal disorders that affect patients amongst musculoskeletal disorders. Clinically, patients suffer from osteoarthritis, particularly while using the joint, and stiffness after long immobility periods. To achieve the purpose of this study, total fifty (50) male subjects were purposively selected for this study from Etawah (U.P.) with age ranging from 45-60 years. Subjects were randomly separated into 2 groups (25 in experimental group and 25 in control group).Training program is given to the experimental group for 14 weeks (6 days/week) and total time duration of every session was 25 to 40 minutes. Knee pain, stiffness and physical function ability were selected as variables and were measured by WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) index of knee osteoarthritis. Results revealed that present study support the efficacy of prescribing various physical-training programs to the patients with osteoarthritis of the knee as a method to enhance their physical functional ability and to reduce their knee joint pain and stiffness. Data was analyzed with the help of dependent 't' test and level of significance was set at 0.05 level.
Osteoarthritis is a pathological condition defined by loss of articular cartilage. Knee OA typica... more Osteoarthritis is a pathological condition defined by loss of articular cartilage. Knee OA typically have knee pain, joint stiffness, deficits in proprioception, and decreased muscle strength (force-generating capacity). As OA grows, pain could be further unrelenting and may emerge while resting and in the night also. Hardness in the morning is usually associated with inflammation. For this study, total fifty (N=50) male knee osteoarthritis patients were purposively selected from Etawah (U.P.). The age of all the subjects was ranging from 45-60 years. All the subjects were randomly divided into two groups (Experimental Group-25, Control Group-25). Physical activity program is followed by the patients for 14 Weeks (6 days/week) and total time duration of every session was 25 to 40 minutes including warming up, strengthening exercises, Thera Tube exercises and cool down exercises. The variables selected for the study were leg strength and functional status of knee osteoarthritis patients. Leg Strength and functional status of knee OA patients were measured by leg dynamometer and WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) index of knee osteoarthritis. Findings of the present study support the usefulness of prescribing various physical activity programs with general exercise, Thera-Tube and cool down exercises to the patients with osteoarthritis of the knee as a method to enhance their leg strength and functional status of knee osteoarthritis patients.
The purpose of the study was to help the Physical Educationist sports man and general masses by w... more The purpose of the study was to help the Physical Educationist sports man and general masses by way of highlighting of sports on Indian Society in respect of socio-cultural, political and religious factors with special reference to Madhyapradesh. As socio-cultural, political and religious interferences contradict the aim of sport and it is not possible to put aside these factors from the sports but we try to minimize the effects of these factors. Total ninety six (N=96) subjects were selected randomly from various district of Madhya Pradesh namely Raisen, Sagar, Bhopal and Gwalior for the purpose of the study. The subjects selected for the study can be classified into three groups-(i) The expert in the field of Physical education: Physical education teacher, coaches, sports director, sports officer, Professor (Physical education).(ii) Students from schools, colleges and universities (iii) Local people belonging to all walks of life, viz. Engineers, Doctors, Businessman. Members belonging to both the sexes were selected. Though the respondents were mostly selected from Madhya Pradesh The first category respondent's namely Physical education experts were drawn from different states of India. The required data collected through questionnaire used LIKERT scale. The respondent was ensured that all the information would be kept confidential. The data obtained after administrating through questionnaire were analyzed by using percentage method. Most of the respondent gave the positive feedback about the needs of the sports in society. They believe that sports can reduce tension, sports build personality, sports reduce discrimination, sports teach self discipline, sports develop patriotism.
The Purpose of the study was to compare selected motor components and anthropometric measurement ... more The Purpose of the study was to compare selected motor components and anthropometric measurement of different positional field hockey players. For this study total sixteen (8 Offensive and 8 Defensive) state level hockey players were selected as subjects from Etawah District (U.P.). Motor Components variables selected for the study were Cardiovascular Endurance and Flexibility, Anthropometric measurement variables were Height and weight. The data was collected for each variable by administering their respective tests. To ensure the reliability of data, sufficient number of trials were given to each subjects. To analyze the data Independent ‗t' test was applied at 0.05 level of significance. After applying Independent t-statistics in the present study, it was revealed that there is significant difference in Cardiovascular Endurance, Flexibility and Weight of Offensive and Defensive hockey players. In relation to height no significant difference was found among offensive and defensive hockey players. Cardiovascular Endurance and flexibility were found to be more in offensive hockey players while defensive hockey players were found to be better in terms of Weight. The results of the study may be attributed due to the nature of the games played at the respective positions of participants I.e. Offensive and Defensive as both the positions have their own specific demands of different motor components.
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Papers by DR. Shafi Mohammad