Papers by Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Tobacco: The Growing Epidemic, 2000
Smoking is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Because its prevalence is increa... more Smoking is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Because its prevalence is increasing in all countries and as the levels of other risk factors differs between smokers and non-smokers, the mean values for serum lipids, fasting blood glucose and body mass index were determined in the Isfahan population. This study was carried out on samples from a survey of risk factors for cardiovascular disease comprising 2200 participants aged 19–70 years in six age groups. The samples included 277 smokers and 1923 non-smokers and were selected randomly from population clusters in Isfahan. After a standard questionnaire had been completed, we took a 12–14-h fasting blood sample from the subjects. The data were analysed with the t test by SPSS software.
Tobacco: The Growing Epidemic, 2000
In the industrialized world, about one third of all men smoke cigarettes. In the developing world... more In the industrialized world, about one third of all men smoke cigarettes. In the developing world, about one half smoke. The figures for adolescents and women are slightly lower, but the numbers are rising rapidly. Self-reported smoking rates are likely to give a substantial underestimate of the prevalence of smoking. We report here a study in which the prevalence of smoking among adolescents was estimated from plasma cotinine, a biochemical marker of tobacco smoking.
Tobacco: The Growing Epidemic, 2000
The epidemiological association between cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis is firmly establish... more The epidemiological association between cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis is firmly established. Numerous studies have demonstrated that smoking causes dyslipidaemia and increases blood pressure. Cardiac rehabilitation has become an accepted form of treatment for many patients with cardiovascular diseases; the benefits of exercise training have been demonstrated for functional capacity, psychosocial characteristics and lipoprotein patterns of patients. This study provides information on the response of total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, mean systolic blood pressure and mean diastolic blood pressure to a three-month rehabilitation exercise programme according to the smoking habits of the patients. The study group was made up of 20 men and women aged 30–65 years who had a history of acute myocardial infarct, according to the World Health Organization criteria, and were referred to our rehabilitation exercise programme. There were 15 non-smokers and five smokers. A questionnaire eliciting information mainly about the major risk factors, especially smoking status, was completed by each patient. Blood pressure was measured from the right arm in the sitting position according to the World Health Organization standardized protocol, and a fasting blood sample was obtained to measure baseline lipids. These parameters were measured again on the completion of the rehabilitation programme, after three months. During the three months, all the patients exercised two to three times a week for 50–60 min at an intensity of 70–85% of their maximal heart rate.
Objective: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP), a six year action oriented, comprehensive integr... more Objective: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP), a six year action oriented, comprehensive integrated community-based study was launched in 2000 to address the epidemic of chronic diseases and its risk factors in Iran. The main fields of interventional activities were ...
Journal of research in health sciences, Mar 15, 2024
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global mortality and a signifi... more Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global mortality and a significant contributor to disability. In Iran, they account for 46% of all deaths and about 22% of the burden of disease. 1 The INTERHEART study investigated various traditional and emerging risk factors in 27 000 individuals with CVD from 52 countries and identified nine risk factors that accounted for approximately 90% of the population-attributable risk of CVD. 2
)009/1-004/1 CI 95% =007/1(@ < )003/1-001/1 CI 95% =002/1( &lt... more )009/1-004/1 CI 95% =007/1(@ < )003/1-001/1 CI 95% =002/1( < LDL )010/1-005/1 CI 95% =008/1( > > ... < mg/dl 200 > <5/47 > LDL < mg/dl 130< > ... 001/0 < 63/11 ± 67/50 20/11 ± 81/58 49/11 ± 23/50 ) ( 2 ... 001/0 < 21/42 ± 01/128 91/45 ± 84/139 93/41 ± 39/127 ...
Fisheries science, 1994
Studies were conducted to determine the mechanism of blood pressure-and cholesterol-lowering effe... more Studies were conducted to determine the mechanism of blood pressure-and cholesterol-lowering effects of funoran on rats fed with a saline solution and cholesterol diet. Clofibrate (COIB) was used as a reference hypolipidemic drug. Funoran caused significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP). Funoran and CPIB significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL), and atherogenic index (AI) levels in these rats. The increase of sodium, water excretion and sodium-potassium ratio in urine in the funoran group was more significant in the experimental rats thannnnin the control group. Moreover, the ratio of Na and K in serum decreased with the funoran diet. The CPIB diet enhanced cholesterol level in the liver while the funoran diet suppressed the level, but in feces the former diet did not change the cholesterol level while the latter diet increased it. These results suggest that the enhanced ability to excrete sodium in urine by the funoran diet is an important factor for reducing blood pressure and that the antihyperlipidemic effect of funoran was not caused by the mobilization of peripheral cholesterol on the liver, but by the enhanced excretion of cholesterol into feces.
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2009
Internal medicine journal, 2014
Churg-Strauss syndrome with poor-prognosis factors: a prospective multicenter trial comparing glu... more Churg-Strauss syndrome with poor-prognosis factors: a prospective multicenter trial comparing glucocorticoids and six or twelve cyclophosphamide pulses in forty-eight patients.
Cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary arte ry diseases, are the first cause of death in ... more Cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary arte ry diseases, are the first cause of death in Iran. Patients with acute myocardial infarction who were hospitalized in hospitals of Isfahan (Iran) during 2000-09 were identified and followed up for 28 days to determine their survival status. The most frequent and most fatal myocardial infarction types were anterior wall acute myocardial infarction and acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecifi ed site, respectively. In order to increase surviva l rates, planners of diagnostic and therapeutic appro aches should pay more attention to these two types of myocardial infarction.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a comprehensive, community-based healthy ... more Background: This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a comprehensive, community-based healthy lifestyle program on behavioural and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Methods: The Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) was conducted in two intervention counties (Isfahan and Najaf-Abad) and a control area (Arak) in Iran. Data from independent sample surveys before (2000-1) and after (2007) this program were used to compare differences of nutrition, smoking and physical activity behaviours and also the prevalence of dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity in the intervention area (IA) and reference area (RA) over time. Results: The sample in 2000-1 and 2007 included 6,175 and 4,719 participants in IA, and 6,339 and 4,853 in RA, respectively. The changes in the percentage of individuals following a healthy diet was +14.9% and –2.0% in IA vs. RA (p < 0.001). Daily smoking had decreased by 0.9% in IA and by 2.6% in RA, but the difference was not significant. Energy expenditure for total daily physical activities showed a decreasing trend in both areas, but the mean drop from baseline was significantly smaller in IA than in the RA (–68 metabolic equivalent task (MET) minutes per week versus –114 MET minutes per week, respectively; p< 0.05). The prevalence of hypercholestrolemia decreased from 21.1% to 11.1% in IA, and from 16.4% to 14.2% in RA (p<0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia significantly declined by 13.4% in IA and 2% in RA (p<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension and abdominal obesity decreased significantly in IA, and increased in RA (p<0.001). Conclusions: A comprehensive healthy lifestyle program can be effective in lifestyle modification and controlling cardiometabolic risk factors in a middle-income country.
Uploads
Papers by Nizal Sarrafzadegan