Every year in the United States, more than 300,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive car... more Every year in the United States, more than 300,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) where they are exposed to a chemical-intensive hospital environment during a developmentally vulnerable period. The neurodevelopmental impact of environmental exposure to phthalates during the NICU stay is unknown. As phthalate exposure during the third trimester developmental window has been implicated in neurobehavioral deficits in term-born children that are strikingly similar to a phenotype of neurobehavioral morbidity common among children born premature, the role of early-life phthalate exposure on the neurodevelopmental trajectory of premature infants may be clinically important. In this study, premature newborns with birth weight <1500g were recruited to participate in a prospective environmental health cohort study, NICU-HEALTH (Hospital Exposures and Long-Term Health), part of the DINE (Developmental Impact of NICU Exposures) cohort of the ECHO (Environmental ...
The Science of the total environment, Jan 18, 2015
Non-iodo-containing trihalomethanes (TTHM) are frequently detected in chlorinated tap water and c... more Non-iodo-containing trihalomethanes (TTHM) are frequently detected in chlorinated tap water and currently regulated against their carcinogenic potential. Iodinated THM (ITHM) may also form in disinfected with chlorine waters that are high in iodine content, but little is known about their magnitude and variability within the drinking-water pipe distribution network of urban areas. The main objective of this study was to determine the magnitude and variability of ITHM and TTHM levels and their corresponding daily intake estimates within the drinking water distribution systems of Limassol and Nicosia cities of Cyprus, using tap samples collected from individual households (n=37). In Limassol, mean household tap water ITHM and TTHM levels was 0.58 and 38μgL(-1), respectively. Dichloroiodomethane (DCIM) was the dominant species of the two measured ITHM compounds accounting for 77% of total ITHM and in the range of 0.032 and 1.65μgL(-1). The range of DCIM concentrations in Nicosia tap wa...
The high reactivity of bisphenol A (BPA) with disinfectant chlorine is evident in the instantaneo... more The high reactivity of bisphenol A (BPA) with disinfectant chlorine is evident in the instantaneous formation of chlorinated BPA derivatives (ClxBPA) in various environmental media that show increased estrogen-activity when compared with that of BPA. The documented health risks associated with BPA exposures have led to the gradual market entry of BPA structural analogs, such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol B (BPB), etc. A suite of exposure sources to ClxBPA and BPA analogs in the domestic environment is anticipated to drive the nature and range of halogenated BPA derivatives that can form when residual BPA comes in contact with disinfectant in tap water and/or consumer products. The primary objective of this review was to survey all available studies reporting biomonitoring protocols of ClxBPA and structural BPA analogs (BPS, BPF, BPB, etc.) in human matrices. Focus was paid on describing the analytical methodologies practiced for the analysis of ClxBPA and BPA an...
Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2015
Population-based studies suggest the association between exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) and obesi... more Population-based studies suggest the association between exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) and obesity. However, no human studies are available that link exposures to chlorinated derivatives of BPA with obesity biomarkers. The objective of this exploratory post hoc analysis of our cross-sectional study's dataset was to evaluate the association between urinary levels of BPA and monochlorinated BPA (mono-ClBPA) with body mass index (BMI) in a random sample of 223 adults (≥18 years) from the general population in Cyprus. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions were performed for descriptive statistics and estimating odds ratio (OR) of above normal BMI, respectively. We observed a relatively weak positive association between urinary mono-ClBPA and BMI, such as (i) 76 ng g(-1) in participants with above normal BMI (≥25 kg m(-2)) versus 55 ng g(-1) in those with normal BMI (<25 kg m(-2)) (P for mean difference = 0.053) and (ii) higher percentage of participants with abov...
Every year in the United States, more than 300,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive car... more Every year in the United States, more than 300,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) where they are exposed to a chemical-intensive hospital environment during a developmentally vulnerable period. The neurodevelopmental impact of environmental exposure to phthalates during the NICU stay is unknown. As phthalate exposure during the third trimester developmental window has been implicated in neurobehavioral deficits in term-born children that are strikingly similar to a phenotype of neurobehavioral morbidity common among children born premature, the role of early-life phthalate exposure on the neurodevelopmental trajectory of premature infants may be clinically important. In this study, premature newborns with birth weight <1500g were recruited to participate in a prospective environmental health cohort study, NICU-HEALTH (Hospital Exposures and Long-Term Health), part of the DINE (Developmental Impact of NICU Exposures) cohort of the ECHO (Environmental ...
The Science of the total environment, Jan 18, 2015
Non-iodo-containing trihalomethanes (TTHM) are frequently detected in chlorinated tap water and c... more Non-iodo-containing trihalomethanes (TTHM) are frequently detected in chlorinated tap water and currently regulated against their carcinogenic potential. Iodinated THM (ITHM) may also form in disinfected with chlorine waters that are high in iodine content, but little is known about their magnitude and variability within the drinking-water pipe distribution network of urban areas. The main objective of this study was to determine the magnitude and variability of ITHM and TTHM levels and their corresponding daily intake estimates within the drinking water distribution systems of Limassol and Nicosia cities of Cyprus, using tap samples collected from individual households (n=37). In Limassol, mean household tap water ITHM and TTHM levels was 0.58 and 38μgL(-1), respectively. Dichloroiodomethane (DCIM) was the dominant species of the two measured ITHM compounds accounting for 77% of total ITHM and in the range of 0.032 and 1.65μgL(-1). The range of DCIM concentrations in Nicosia tap wa...
The high reactivity of bisphenol A (BPA) with disinfectant chlorine is evident in the instantaneo... more The high reactivity of bisphenol A (BPA) with disinfectant chlorine is evident in the instantaneous formation of chlorinated BPA derivatives (ClxBPA) in various environmental media that show increased estrogen-activity when compared with that of BPA. The documented health risks associated with BPA exposures have led to the gradual market entry of BPA structural analogs, such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol B (BPB), etc. A suite of exposure sources to ClxBPA and BPA analogs in the domestic environment is anticipated to drive the nature and range of halogenated BPA derivatives that can form when residual BPA comes in contact with disinfectant in tap water and/or consumer products. The primary objective of this review was to survey all available studies reporting biomonitoring protocols of ClxBPA and structural BPA analogs (BPS, BPF, BPB, etc.) in human matrices. Focus was paid on describing the analytical methodologies practiced for the analysis of ClxBPA and BPA an...
Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2015
Population-based studies suggest the association between exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) and obesi... more Population-based studies suggest the association between exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) and obesity. However, no human studies are available that link exposures to chlorinated derivatives of BPA with obesity biomarkers. The objective of this exploratory post hoc analysis of our cross-sectional study's dataset was to evaluate the association between urinary levels of BPA and monochlorinated BPA (mono-ClBPA) with body mass index (BMI) in a random sample of 223 adults (≥18 years) from the general population in Cyprus. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions were performed for descriptive statistics and estimating odds ratio (OR) of above normal BMI, respectively. We observed a relatively weak positive association between urinary mono-ClBPA and BMI, such as (i) 76 ng g(-1) in participants with above normal BMI (≥25 kg m(-2)) versus 55 ng g(-1) in those with normal BMI (<25 kg m(-2)) (P for mean difference = 0.053) and (ii) higher percentage of participants with abov...
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