Manhwa
Templat:Infobox Korean name UU Manhwa (IPA: [manɦʷa]) ialah istilah am Korea bagi komik dan kartun cetak (dan selalu juga kartun animasi). Di luar Korea, manhwa hanya memaksudkan komik buatan Korea Selatan.
Gaya Manhwa
suntingSeni manhwa selama ini dipengaruhi oleh sejarah moden Korea, maka lahirnya kepelbagaian bentuk dan genrenya,[1] termasuk juga gaya arus perdana yang menyerupai manga. Terdapat pelbagai ragam manga dalam sudut komik akhbar, karya berorientasikan seni, dan siri-siri komik web.
Ciri-ciri biasa manhwa:
- Muka dan mata sering diperbesarkan seolah-olah kartun manakala badannya lebih realistik keseimbangannya.[2]
- Screentone kecerunan lebih kerap digunakan.
- Bacaan dari kiri ke kanan.
- Watak-wataknya berbangsa Korea.
- Kesan bunyi yang tidak diterjemah bertulisan hangul.
Menurut Christopher Hart, seorang pelukis Amerika Syarikat yang mengarang karya bergaya manga dan manhwa, gaya Korea secara amnya lebih realistik dan kurang kekartunan berbanding manga. Rambut watak manhwa lebih natural berbanding gaya pacak berlebihan yang dilihat dalam kebanyakan manga. Lebih-lebih lagi, berbanding watak-watak bermata besar seolah-olah tak kira kaum dalam kebanyakan manga, muka watak manhwa selalunya lebih berwajah keasiaan.[3]
Penerbit manhwa Korea
sunting- Topaz Agency Inc.
- Daiwon C.I.
- Haksanpub
- Seoul Culture Corporation
- Shinwon Agency Corporation
Lihat juga
suntingRujukan
sunting- ^ Whatever. » Blog Archive » Manhwa & Cultural Exchange
- ^ Brad Brooks; Pilcher, Tim. The Essential Guide to World Comics. London: Collins & Brown. ISBN 1-84340-300-5.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Hart, Christopher (2004). Manhwa mania : how to draw Korean comics (dalam bahasa English). New York: Watson-Guptill Publications. m/s. p.9. ISBN 0-823029-76-X.
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has extra text (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Son Sang-ik (1999). 한국만화통사 1 (General History of Manwha 1) (dalam bahasa Korean). Sigongsa. ISBN 8972598909. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|1=
(bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Hart, Christopher (2004). Manhwa mania : how to draw Korean comics (dalam bahasa English). New York: Watson-Guptill Publications. ISBN 0-823029-76-X.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Kim Jinsu (2007-06-02). "개화기 일제의 시사만화 탄압 (The Japanese oppression on Sisa manhwa)" (dalam bahasa Korean). Chammalo.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- "만화" (dalam bahasa Korean). Empas/ Encyclopædia Britannica. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
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(bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "Manhwa" (dalam bahasa Korean). Empas/ EncyKorea. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
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(bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Sim Ji-hoon. "Korea Manhwa Museum" (dalam bahasa Korean). Text "INISteel Webzine" ignored (bantuan); Cite has empty unknown parameter:
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(bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Sugiyama, Rika (2004). Comic artists — Asia : manga, manhwa, manhua (dalam bahasa English). New York: Harper Design International. ISBN 0-060589-24-8.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
Pautan luar
suntingMaklumat manhwa
sunting- "Understanding Manhwa": history, culture, recommendations etc
- "Korean Comics in the U.S., Part 1, Comic-Con International 2004," Jade Magazine.com, Sep. 2004
- "Korean Comics in the U.S., Part 2, Manhwa Sampler," Jade Magazine.com, Sep. 2004
- "Sang-Sun Park, Les Bijoux Comic Artist," Sequential Tart.com, Aug. 2004
- Manhwa site for "Demon Diary" (마왕일기)
- Infinity Studios and Manhwa, Anime Tourist.com, 16 June 2004
- Manhwa from nine of Korea's best comic publishers for sampling/licensing to publishers worldwide
Artis manhwa popular
suntingPesta
sunting- Bucheon Manhwa Information Center
- Bucheon International Manhwa festival
- Seoul International Comics and Animation Festival
- Dong-a/LG International festival of comics and animation
Persatuan
sunting- Cartoon & Animation Society in Korea
- Seoul Cartoon
- The Korean Cartoonist Association
- Korean Women Cartoonist Association
- Amateur Comics Association
- Korea Amateur Comic Land