[70] Bartsch G, Scheiber K. Tamoxifen Treatment in Oligozoospermia. European Urology. 1981; 7(5):... more [70] Bartsch G, Scheiber K. Tamoxifen Treatment in Oligozoospermia. European Urology. 1981; 7(5): 283-287. and iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome Cihak RW, Beary FD. Elevated Triiodothyronine and Dextrothyroxine Levels: A Potential Cause of Iatrogenic Hyperthyroidism. Southern Medical Journal. 1977 Feb; 70(2): 256-257. Smidt KP, Johnston E. Undetected Iatrogenic Hypothyroidism: A Late Complication of Radio-Iodine Therapy. New Zealand Medical Journal. 1975 Apr 9; 81: 325-328. Tuel SM, Meythaler JM, Cross LL. Cushing’s Syndrome from Epidural Methylprednisolone. Pain. 1990 Jan; 40(1): 81-84. Kimmerle R, Rolla AR. Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome Due to Dexamethasone Nasal Drops. American Journal of Medicine. 1985 Oct; 79(4): 535-537.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2003
Prior to presentation, two physically fit adults, a 39-year-old male and 40-year-old female, bega... more Prior to presentation, two physically fit adults, a 39-year-old male and 40-year-old female, began supplementation with an over-the-counter thyroid preparation marketed as a metabolic accelerator and fat loss aid, tiratricol. Both participants took the supplement for 5 weeks (3000–4000 mcg/d) and 3 weeks (6000 mcg/d), respectively. At presentation, both complained of lethargy, loss of appetite, and muscle weakness. Upon initial laboratory evaluation, results revealed low thyroid stimulating hormone with profoundly elevated T3 values in both patients. After an extensive review of the literature, the cause of the problem was found to be the nutritional supplement they consumed contained tiratricol. After discontinuation of the supplement, thyroid levels slowly returned to baseline 40 days and 5 months later, respectively.
Abstract Choline or reserpine causes a trans-synaptic induction of adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase a... more Abstract Choline or reserpine causes a trans-synaptic induction of adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. To examine further the relationship between impulse flow, mediated by reserpine, and the effects of choline, we injected rats with both agents concurrently. Their simultaneous administration elevated tyrosine hydroxylase activity to a level higher than the increase caused by either agent alone. These observations suggest that reserpine acts by increasing the rate of impulse flow, while choline acts by increasing the amount of ACh released per impulse.
Previous studies have shown that choline administration accelerates the synthesis of acetylcholin... more Previous studies have shown that choline administration accelerates the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) in rats and raises ACh levels in brain, adrenal medulla, and other tissues receiving a cholinergic innervation. After 24 hours, this precursor-induced elevation in ACh levels causes tyrosine hydroxylase activity to increase, unless the adrenals have been previously denervated. We now report that oral choline administration also increases urinary epinephrine levels, probably by enhancing the release of the catecholamine from the adrenal gland. For four consecutive 4-day periods, male Sprague-Dawley rats received (1) no treatment, (2) water, (3) choline (20 mmoles/kg), and (4) water, and excreted 157, 200, 646, and 267 ng of epinephrine per 24-hour period, respectively. Urinary norepinephrine levels also increased on days that the animals received choline. Choline failed to increase urinary epinephrine levels among rats previously subjected to bilateral adrenal denervation; in contrast, nicotine, a direct-acting cholinergic agonist, continued to elicit this increase. Thus, choline administration apparently potentiates the increase in urinary epinephrine produced by treatments that accelerate the flow of impulses along the splanchnic nerves. These data provide additional support for the hypothesis that choline administration, by increasing presynaptic ACh levels, enhances cholinergic transmission at preganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system.
Androgen- or anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism (ASIH) is no longer confined to professional a... more Androgen- or anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism (ASIH) is no longer confined to professional athletes; its prevalence amongst young men and teenagers using androgens and/or anabolic steroids (AASs) is rising fast, and those affected can experience significant symptoms. Clinicians are increasingly encountering demanding, well-informed men affected by ASIH, yet lacking authoritative information on the subject may struggle to project a credible message. In this article, we overview the methods and drugs that men use in an attempt to counteract ASIH (with a view to either preventing its onset, or reversing it once it has developed) and summarize the scientific evidence underpinning these. The main channel for obtaining these drugs is the Internet, where they can be readily sourced without a valid prescription. An Internet search using relevant terms revealed a huge number of websites providing advice on how to buy and use products to counteract ASIH. Drugs arising repeatedly in our s...
[70] Bartsch G, Scheiber K. Tamoxifen Treatment in Oligozoospermia. European Urology. 1981; 7(5):... more [70] Bartsch G, Scheiber K. Tamoxifen Treatment in Oligozoospermia. European Urology. 1981; 7(5): 283-287. and iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome Cihak RW, Beary FD. Elevated Triiodothyronine and Dextrothyroxine Levels: A Potential Cause of Iatrogenic Hyperthyroidism. Southern Medical Journal. 1977 Feb; 70(2): 256-257. Smidt KP, Johnston E. Undetected Iatrogenic Hypothyroidism: A Late Complication of Radio-Iodine Therapy. New Zealand Medical Journal. 1975 Apr 9; 81: 325-328. Tuel SM, Meythaler JM, Cross LL. Cushing’s Syndrome from Epidural Methylprednisolone. Pain. 1990 Jan; 40(1): 81-84. Kimmerle R, Rolla AR. Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome Due to Dexamethasone Nasal Drops. American Journal of Medicine. 1985 Oct; 79(4): 535-537.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2003
Prior to presentation, two physically fit adults, a 39-year-old male and 40-year-old female, bega... more Prior to presentation, two physically fit adults, a 39-year-old male and 40-year-old female, began supplementation with an over-the-counter thyroid preparation marketed as a metabolic accelerator and fat loss aid, tiratricol. Both participants took the supplement for 5 weeks (3000–4000 mcg/d) and 3 weeks (6000 mcg/d), respectively. At presentation, both complained of lethargy, loss of appetite, and muscle weakness. Upon initial laboratory evaluation, results revealed low thyroid stimulating hormone with profoundly elevated T3 values in both patients. After an extensive review of the literature, the cause of the problem was found to be the nutritional supplement they consumed contained tiratricol. After discontinuation of the supplement, thyroid levels slowly returned to baseline 40 days and 5 months later, respectively.
Abstract Choline or reserpine causes a trans-synaptic induction of adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase a... more Abstract Choline or reserpine causes a trans-synaptic induction of adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. To examine further the relationship between impulse flow, mediated by reserpine, and the effects of choline, we injected rats with both agents concurrently. Their simultaneous administration elevated tyrosine hydroxylase activity to a level higher than the increase caused by either agent alone. These observations suggest that reserpine acts by increasing the rate of impulse flow, while choline acts by increasing the amount of ACh released per impulse.
Previous studies have shown that choline administration accelerates the synthesis of acetylcholin... more Previous studies have shown that choline administration accelerates the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) in rats and raises ACh levels in brain, adrenal medulla, and other tissues receiving a cholinergic innervation. After 24 hours, this precursor-induced elevation in ACh levels causes tyrosine hydroxylase activity to increase, unless the adrenals have been previously denervated. We now report that oral choline administration also increases urinary epinephrine levels, probably by enhancing the release of the catecholamine from the adrenal gland. For four consecutive 4-day periods, male Sprague-Dawley rats received (1) no treatment, (2) water, (3) choline (20 mmoles/kg), and (4) water, and excreted 157, 200, 646, and 267 ng of epinephrine per 24-hour period, respectively. Urinary norepinephrine levels also increased on days that the animals received choline. Choline failed to increase urinary epinephrine levels among rats previously subjected to bilateral adrenal denervation; in contrast, nicotine, a direct-acting cholinergic agonist, continued to elicit this increase. Thus, choline administration apparently potentiates the increase in urinary epinephrine produced by treatments that accelerate the flow of impulses along the splanchnic nerves. These data provide additional support for the hypothesis that choline administration, by increasing presynaptic ACh levels, enhances cholinergic transmission at preganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system.
Androgen- or anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism (ASIH) is no longer confined to professional a... more Androgen- or anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism (ASIH) is no longer confined to professional athletes; its prevalence amongst young men and teenagers using androgens and/or anabolic steroids (AASs) is rising fast, and those affected can experience significant symptoms. Clinicians are increasingly encountering demanding, well-informed men affected by ASIH, yet lacking authoritative information on the subject may struggle to project a credible message. In this article, we overview the methods and drugs that men use in an attempt to counteract ASIH (with a view to either preventing its onset, or reversing it once it has developed) and summarize the scientific evidence underpinning these. The main channel for obtaining these drugs is the Internet, where they can be readily sourced without a valid prescription. An Internet search using relevant terms revealed a huge number of websites providing advice on how to buy and use products to counteract ASIH. Drugs arising repeatedly in our s...
Uploads
Papers by MICHAEL SCALLY