Papers by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
Glycemic control is a very useful parameter for the prevention of the chronic metabolic diseases ... more Glycemic control is a very useful parameter for the prevention of the chronic metabolic diseases complications such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular and kidney disease. Glycemic control management among chronic metabolic diseases has been an area of active research from the past decades. The glycemic index specifies that how fasting blood glucose level is elevated after consuming a high carbohydrate-containing diet. The metabolic studies among the human populations showed that glycemic index is directly related with different chronic metabolic diseases. The sturdiest associations are suggested that the low caloric diet consumption can prevents metabolic complications. Primary and tight glycemic control is compulsory to prevent and reduce the development of vascular complications in individuals with chronic disorders. The aim of this review was to provide a practical guideline on the bases of the survey of the related key studies which had reflected the clinical guidelines and current perspectives related to glycemic management. The objective of this review is also to investigate the interventions, related to glycemic control in patients with diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, we can say that multidisciplinary management of glycemic control are powerful measure for the prevention of metabolic diseases complications, providing necessary support for reducing in economic burden of chronic metabolic diseases.
Transgender people are those whose gender identity or expression does not align with their assign... more Transgender people are those whose gender identity or expression does not align with their assigned birth sex and/or those whose gender identity is outside of the binary male/female classification while cisgender whose gender identity or expression aligns with their assigned birth sex. Transgender people may be classified into 3 main categories; Transwomen, assigned the male gender at birth and affirm a feminine identity; Transmen, assigned the female gender at birth and affirm a masculine identity; People who do not identify with the binary male or female gender may identify with the term nonbinary, an all-inclusive term that includes specific genders, such as genderqueer, agender, bigender, and genderfluid
Background:
In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still ... more Background:
In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still remains a leading cause of death in women world-wide. Diagnosis at an early stage is one of the most important factors that determines survival. Current clinical diagnostic tools have, however, a limited efficacy in early OC detection. Therefore, there is a critical need
for new (early) diagnostic biomarkers and tools. Through advances
in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic techniques, several novel molecular OC biomarkers have recently been identified. These biomarkers are currently subject to validation. In addition, integration of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data, in conjunction with epidemiologic and clinical data, is considered essential for obtaining useful results. Interesting recent work has already shown that specific
diagnostic biomarkers, such as BRCA mutations, may have profound therapeutic implications. Here, we review the current state of OC research through literature and database searches, with a focus on various recently identified biomarkers via different technologies for the (early) diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OC.
Conclusions:
Multi-biomarker panels accompanied by a meticulous determination of their sensitivity and specificity, as well their validation, using multivariate analyses will be critical for its clinical application, including early OC detection.
and tailor-made OC treatment.
Hematology & Transfusion International Journal, 2016
Transgender people are those whose gender identity or expression does not align with their assign... more Transgender people are those whose gender identity or expression does not align with their assigned birth sex and/or those whose gender identity is outside of the binary male/female classification while cisgender whose gender identity or expression aligns with their assigned birth sex. Transgender people may be classified into 3 main categories; Transwomen, assigned the male gender at birth and affirm a feminine identity; Transmen, assigned the female gender at birth and affirm a masculine identity; People who do not identify with the binary male or female gender may identify with the term nonbinary, an all-inclusive term that includes specific genders, such as genderqueer, agender, bigender, and genderfluid
Dyslipidemia is characterized by elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs) or both, or... more Dyslipidemia is characterized by elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs) or both, or a low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level that contributes to the development of insulin resistance, Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and atherosclerosis. Dietary fat and cholesterol, genetics and other risk factors are responsible for producing variations in the lipids. The cholesterol plays a major function in the body, cholesterol homeostasis mechanism is regulated by the sterol regulatory-element binding proteins (SREBPs) and firstly introduced by Brown and Goldstein. The SREBP transcription factors act coordinately with their intronic microRNAs (miRNA-33a / miRNA-33b) to regulate both fatty acid and cholesterol homeostasis. Recently, multiple studies described microRNA-33a and SREBP2 cooperation for cholesterogenic transcription to improve intracellular cholesterol levels; suggesting that therapeutic approach of miR-33 targeting antisense would imperative for reverse cholesterol transport from atherogenic macrophages, as a result reduce atherosclerosis.
Curcumin is a major constituent of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberacea... more Curcumin is a major constituent of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberaceae family, which is cultivated in India, most parts of Southeast Asia, Asia and other parts of the world. Curcumin has been shown to afford a wide range of pharmacological activities encompassing antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiproliferative, proapoptotic and anti-atherosclerotic effects as well as medicinal benefits against neurodegenerative diseases, arthritis, allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, nephrotoxicity, AIDS, psoriasis, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease and lung fibrosis. Moreover, curcumin could suppress inflammatory cytokines as well as suppress various target proteins in cancer cell lines. Owing to its multi-faceted health benefits, curcumin has been used as health supplements as well as natural remedy while several clinical trials are under way to investigate its potential therapeutic usage. This chapter discusses the origins of curcumin’s biological activities in light of its structure-activity relationship. The structure of curcumin is comprised of the central 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione bearing two terminal phenolic rings. Structural modification of this compound alters its biological activities either by affecting its selectivity, specificity or potency. Understanding of such structure-activity relationship may provide the impetus for further expanding its biological activity repertoire. Although it is an ambitious task to review the current state-of-the-art on the structure-activity relationship of curcumin, it should be mentioned that it is impossible for this chapter to provide a comprehensive account but rather a representative overview is given herein.
Background: Deficiencies of iodine, Selenium, are the 2 most common micronutrient deficiencies in... more Background: Deficiencies of iodine, Selenium, are the 2 most common micronutrient deficiencies in some areas
of Pakistan, although control programs, when properly implemented, can be effective.
Objective: We investigate these deficiencies and their possible interaction in adult age in both genders of
Hyderabad & plane areas of Sindh.
Design: Goiter, signs of Iodine deficiency, and biochemical markers of thyroid (Thyroid Hormones), Serum
Selenium status were assessed in 100 younger aged 15–30 y.
Results: The goiter rate was 30.5%.TSH levels in adult goiter cases were significantly higher 11.40 ± 3.80 μIU/ml
(p <0.002) than the control subjects 1.27 ± 0.42 μIU/ml (matched for age and gender and with no personal history of
goiter). As compared to control subjects T3 levels were significantly higher 1.80 ± 1.02 ng/dl (p <0.001) in goiter cases.
The T4 levels were comparable between goiter patients and control subjects. There were significantly lower 42.68
± 11.07 μg/L (p <0.001) serum selenium levels in goiter cases as compared to control subjects 88.88 ± 10.39 μg/L.
There were significantly lower 60.32 ± 20.47 μg/L (p <0.001) urine iodine levels in goiter cases as against the controls.
Conclusion: The finding of present study that T3 and T4 levels in goiter patients were within normal ranges
indicates that the cause of enlarged thyroid gland in these patients is deficiency of iodine in the diet. The finding that
iodine was excreted in significantly lower amounts in goiter patients than in the control subjects, also suggests mild
iodine deficiency to be the cause of goiter in these patients.
Conference Presentations by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
Dyslipidemia is one of the major forms of lipid disorder, which is characterized by increased tri... more Dyslipidemia is one of the major forms of lipid disorder, which is characterized by increased triglyceride (TG), increased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and decrease high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in blood. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to involve in various biological processes, their potential usage as a biomarker as well as therapeutic marker in various diseases. Although searching disease related miRNAs is multifaceted due to expensive and time-consuming technologies with variable sensitivity and specificity. Hence, Computational approaches are adopted to conquer various goals of miRNAs research. We were applied two methods to signify the miRNAs and lipid disease associations. The first method was Fisher's exact test P-value based on hypergeometric distribution; while the second method was True positive score. Network construction was performed by Cytoscape; using edge-weighted tool to visualized significant associations. For miRNAs target predictions; existing network further extends with regulatory interaction network (RIN) by using CyTargetLinker Plug-in tool on Cytoscape. For biological process association of targeted genes were confirmed by Gene Ontology by using Biological Networks Gene Ontology BiNGO (GO) Plug-in tool on Cytoscape. We were text-mined 227 miRNA-disease associations including 148 miRNAs and 09 lipid diseases and identifiers. The top 20 miRNA-disease associations by Fisher's exact p-value 0.000034 to 0.033 and by TP score 0.0164 to 0.048. Significant GO terms were found on targeted genes for lipid, cholesterol, apolipoprotein and fatty acids. Present study could help future experimental studies, could walk around the biological functions and primary molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the development, progression, diagnosis and prognosis of lipid and cholesterol, lipoprotein and fatty acid disorders. However, additional computational tools and databases could provide broad perspective on relationships between miRNAs and disease.
Book Reviews by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
Curcumin is a major constituent of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberacea... more Curcumin is a major constituent of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, a member of the Zingiberaceae family, which is cultivated in India, most parts of Southeast Asia, Asia and other parts of the world. Curcumin has been shown to afford a wide range of pharmacological activities encompassing antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiproliferative, proapoptotic and anti-atherosclerotic effects as well as medicinal benefits against neurodegenerative diseases, arthritis, allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, nephrotoxicity, AIDS, psoriasis, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease and lung fibrosis. Moreover, curcumin could suppress inflammatory cytokines as well as suppress various target proteins in cancer cell lines. Owing to its multi-faceted health benefits, curcumin has been used as health supplements as well as natural remedy while several clinical trials are under way to investigate its potential therapeutic usage. This chapter discusses the origins of curcumin's biological activities in light of its structure-activity relationship. The structure of curcumin is comprised of the central 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione bearing two terminal phenolic rings.
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Papers by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still remains a leading cause of death in women world-wide. Diagnosis at an early stage is one of the most important factors that determines survival. Current clinical diagnostic tools have, however, a limited efficacy in early OC detection. Therefore, there is a critical need
for new (early) diagnostic biomarkers and tools. Through advances
in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic techniques, several novel molecular OC biomarkers have recently been identified. These biomarkers are currently subject to validation. In addition, integration of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data, in conjunction with epidemiologic and clinical data, is considered essential for obtaining useful results. Interesting recent work has already shown that specific
diagnostic biomarkers, such as BRCA mutations, may have profound therapeutic implications. Here, we review the current state of OC research through literature and database searches, with a focus on various recently identified biomarkers via different technologies for the (early) diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OC.
Conclusions:
Multi-biomarker panels accompanied by a meticulous determination of their sensitivity and specificity, as well their validation, using multivariate analyses will be critical for its clinical application, including early OC detection.
and tailor-made OC treatment.
of Pakistan, although control programs, when properly implemented, can be effective.
Objective: We investigate these deficiencies and their possible interaction in adult age in both genders of
Hyderabad & plane areas of Sindh.
Design: Goiter, signs of Iodine deficiency, and biochemical markers of thyroid (Thyroid Hormones), Serum
Selenium status were assessed in 100 younger aged 15–30 y.
Results: The goiter rate was 30.5%.TSH levels in adult goiter cases were significantly higher 11.40 ± 3.80 μIU/ml
(p <0.002) than the control subjects 1.27 ± 0.42 μIU/ml (matched for age and gender and with no personal history of
goiter). As compared to control subjects T3 levels were significantly higher 1.80 ± 1.02 ng/dl (p <0.001) in goiter cases.
The T4 levels were comparable between goiter patients and control subjects. There were significantly lower 42.68
± 11.07 μg/L (p <0.001) serum selenium levels in goiter cases as compared to control subjects 88.88 ± 10.39 μg/L.
There were significantly lower 60.32 ± 20.47 μg/L (p <0.001) urine iodine levels in goiter cases as against the controls.
Conclusion: The finding of present study that T3 and T4 levels in goiter patients were within normal ranges
indicates that the cause of enlarged thyroid gland in these patients is deficiency of iodine in the diet. The finding that
iodine was excreted in significantly lower amounts in goiter patients than in the control subjects, also suggests mild
iodine deficiency to be the cause of goiter in these patients.
Conference Presentations by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
Book Reviews by Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
In spite of various treatment options currently available, ovarian cancer (OC) still remains a leading cause of death in women world-wide. Diagnosis at an early stage is one of the most important factors that determines survival. Current clinical diagnostic tools have, however, a limited efficacy in early OC detection. Therefore, there is a critical need
for new (early) diagnostic biomarkers and tools. Through advances
in genomic, proteomic and metabolomic techniques, several novel molecular OC biomarkers have recently been identified. These biomarkers are currently subject to validation. In addition, integration of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data, in conjunction with epidemiologic and clinical data, is considered essential for obtaining useful results. Interesting recent work has already shown that specific
diagnostic biomarkers, such as BRCA mutations, may have profound therapeutic implications. Here, we review the current state of OC research through literature and database searches, with a focus on various recently identified biomarkers via different technologies for the (early) diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OC.
Conclusions:
Multi-biomarker panels accompanied by a meticulous determination of their sensitivity and specificity, as well their validation, using multivariate analyses will be critical for its clinical application, including early OC detection.
and tailor-made OC treatment.
of Pakistan, although control programs, when properly implemented, can be effective.
Objective: We investigate these deficiencies and their possible interaction in adult age in both genders of
Hyderabad & plane areas of Sindh.
Design: Goiter, signs of Iodine deficiency, and biochemical markers of thyroid (Thyroid Hormones), Serum
Selenium status were assessed in 100 younger aged 15–30 y.
Results: The goiter rate was 30.5%.TSH levels in adult goiter cases were significantly higher 11.40 ± 3.80 μIU/ml
(p <0.002) than the control subjects 1.27 ± 0.42 μIU/ml (matched for age and gender and with no personal history of
goiter). As compared to control subjects T3 levels were significantly higher 1.80 ± 1.02 ng/dl (p <0.001) in goiter cases.
The T4 levels were comparable between goiter patients and control subjects. There were significantly lower 42.68
± 11.07 μg/L (p <0.001) serum selenium levels in goiter cases as compared to control subjects 88.88 ± 10.39 μg/L.
There were significantly lower 60.32 ± 20.47 μg/L (p <0.001) urine iodine levels in goiter cases as against the controls.
Conclusion: The finding of present study that T3 and T4 levels in goiter patients were within normal ranges
indicates that the cause of enlarged thyroid gland in these patients is deficiency of iodine in the diet. The finding that
iodine was excreted in significantly lower amounts in goiter patients than in the control subjects, also suggests mild
iodine deficiency to be the cause of goiter in these patients.