Papers by valmore bermudez
Introduction and objectives: The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (Short PR interval and functional... more Introduction and objectives: The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (Short PR interval and functional blockade of branch) is related with accessory pathways bundle (atrial/ventricular) identified originally through 12D-EKG as patterns A, B and C. Gallagher, using electrophysiological methods identified 10 sites, but without direction and orientation of the ventricular vectors. The purpose of this study was to establish the initial point and spatial orientation of the initial ventricular vector plus delta wave and abnormal bundle using the 12DEKG and pointing the left or right, top or bottom and anterior or posterior positions. Methods: Were studied 78 patients with ages between 2 and 65 years old. 71 of them do not show any other disease and 5 show hypertension and 2 Ebstein disease. Results: According to bundle position, patients were classified in two groups: a) with left ventricular bundles: bundles 9 (C1) and 7 (A1), according to the SIC, with 11 and 10 cases respectively. b) With r...
Gaceta Médica de Caracas, 2020
Súbitamente nuestro planeta ha quedado atrapado en una pandemia que todo el mundo esperaba pero p... more Súbitamente nuestro planeta ha quedado atrapado en una pandemia que todo el mundo esperaba pero para la cual casi nadie estaba preparado. Esto ha desencadenado una crisis mundial sin precedentes y ha dejado casi 25 millones de casos y un millón de fallecidos, sin mostrar signos de disminución. La incertidumbre y el aislamiento de la pandemia han provocado un temor y una ansiedad generalizados, en particular, en los países con sistemas de salud inadecuados que no tomaron en serio este brote. A pesar de este panorama sombrío, los desastres naturales han dado lugar —en algunas ocasiones— a una disminución de los conflictos internos en algunos países, ya que muchas veces las facciones en lucha se ven obligadas (por extrema necesidad) a trabajar juntas, o al menos, a descender el grado de conflictividad para centrarse en la preservación o la reconstrucción de sus localidades. Hay indicios de que algunos gobiernos tratan de aliviar las tensiones políticas a la sombra de la COVID-19. Las r...
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the origin... more which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. An important etiopathogenic component of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis, with inflammation being an essential event in the pathophysiology of all clinical pictures it comprises. In recent years, several molecules implicated in this process have been studied in order to assess cardiovascular risk in both primary and secondary prevention. C-reactive protein is a plasmatic protein of the pentraxin family and an acute phase reactant, very useful as a general inflammation marker. Currently, it is one of the most profoundly researched molecules in the cardiovascular field, yet its clinical applicability regarding cardiovascular risk remains an object of discussion, considered by some as a simple marker and by others as a true risk factor. In this sense, numerous studies propose its utilization as a predictor of cardiovascular risk through the use of high-s...
Revista Latinoamericana De Hipertension, 2014
Obesity is a public health problem world - wide, due to its association with other morbidities su... more Obesity is a public health problem world - wide, due to its association with other morbidities such as diabetes, hyperten - sion and cardiovascular disea...
En este estudio se evaluo la asociacion de la variante alelica rs1801282, g. 68777C>G (Pro12Al... more En este estudio se evaluo la asociacion de la variante alelica rs1801282, g. 68777C>G (Pro12Ala), del gen PPARγ2 con alteraciones antropometricas y metabolicas en una cohorte de individuos con Sindrome Metabolico (SM) del Municipio Maracaibo. Materiales y Metodos: La muestra fue constituida por 127 individuos (81 con diagnostico de SM, segun los criterios unificados de paneles de expertos de IDF/AHA/ NHLBI y 46 individuos sanos). Las versiones polimorficas del gen PPARγ2 fueron analizadas por PCR-RFLP. Resultados y Discusion: La frecuencia del polimorfismo del gen PPARγ2 en la poblacion evaluada fue de 89% para el genotipo homocigoto Pro12Pro y 11% para el genotipo heterocigoto Pro12Ala. Ningun exhibio el alelo homocigotoa Ala12Ala. El genotipo heterocigoto Pro12Ala se observo con mayor frecuencia en los pacientes del grupo SM, sin diferencias significativas entre las frecuencias genotipicas (p=0,528) ni alelicas (p=0,602) entre grupos SM y control. Los portadores del genotipo Pr...
Archivos Venezolanos De Farmacologia Y Terapeutica, Jun 1, 2007
La tuberculosis ha emergido como un enorme problema de salud pública en las últimas décadas. A ni... more La tuberculosis ha emergido como un enorme problema de salud pública en las últimas décadas. A nivel mundial es la segunda causa infecciosa de muerte después de la infección por VIH de manera que la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha estimado que cada año aparecen 8 millones de nuevos casos y más de 2 millones mueren por esta enfermedad. Los objetivos de la terapia anti-tuberculosa son asegurar la cura sin recaídas además de prevenir la muerte y evitar la transmisión de la enfermedad previniendo la aparición de cepas multiresistentes. La terapia se inicia con un esquema de múltiples drogas que evite la aparición de resistencia y destruya los bacilos tuberculosos rápidamente. La tuberculosis requiere un tratamiento prolongado, de forma que la duración mínima de la terapia está alrededor de los 6 a 9 meses utilizando como base a la rifampicina, aunque en el caso de micobacterias resistentes a la terapia antimicrobiana requerirá una duración mayor. El tratamiento estándar de la tuberculosis tiene dos fases: la de iniciación, conocida también como fase bactericida o intensiva, y una segunda fase conocida como fase de continuación o esterilizante. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las drogas anti-tuberculosas utilizadas en la terapia farmacológica estándar de esta enfermedad. Palabras clave: M. tuberculosis, rifampicina, isoniazida, estreptomicina, pirazinamida, etambutol. Abstract Tuberculosis has emerged as an enormous global public health epidemic. Worldwide, it is the second leading infectious cause of death, after HIV infection. The World Health Organization has estimated that every year, about 8 million persons develop active tuberculosis, and more than 2 million persons die from the disease. The goals of antituberculosis therapy are to ensure a cure without relapse, to prevent death, to stop transmission of M. tuberculosis, and to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant disease. Therapy is initiated with a multidrug regimen to kill tubercle bacilli rapidly, to minimize or prevent the development of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains, and to eliminate persistent organisms from host tissue to prevent relapse. Tuberculosis requires prolonged treatment. The minimum length of therapy for the treatment of drugsusceptible tuberculosis is 6 to 9 months with a rifampin-based regimen (so-called short-course therapy). Longer courses of therapy are required for drug-resistant tuberculosis, especially multidrug-resistant disease (i.e., disease caused by M. tuberculosis that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin). Treatment of tuberculosis has two phases: initiation (also known as the bactericidal or intensive phase) and continuation (also known as the subsequent sterilizing phase). The aim of this article is to study the pharmacologic management of this entity focusing on standard antimicobacterial therapy. Key Words: M. tuberculosis, rifampin, pyrazinamide, isoniazid, estreptomicin, ethambutol. Introducción La tuberculosis, es una de las enfermedades infecciosas más antiguas que afectan al ser humano, y es causada por bacterias pertenecientes al complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1. De todas las enfermedades infecciosas, probablemente la tuberculosis ha sido la causante de mayor morbilidad y mortalidad en la historia de la humanidad 2. En el ámbito mundial, la tuberculosis constituye un grave problema de salud pública, existiendo grandes diferencias en cuanto al control de la enfermedad entre los países industrializados y los subdesarrollados 2. La incidencia mundial de tuberculosis presenta una tendencia al aumento (aproximadamente un 0,4% por año), en especial en el África sub-sahariana y en los países de la antigua Unión Soviética. En la india ha sido reconocida como el proceso infeccioso más importante ya que causa el mayor número de muertes en este país, cerca de 500.000 personas al año, teniendo anualmente 2 millones de nuevos casos lo que representa el país con mayor número de casos de tuberculosis registrados 3. En Europa la incidencia de todas las formas de tuberculosis para las décadas de los 80 y 90 se incrementó de un 24 a 34% 4. La Organización mundial de la salud (OMS) 5 estimó que en el 2003 se produjeron 8.8 millones de casos de tuberculosis y 1,7 millones de muertes por esta enfermedad, y se proyecta que para el año 2020 el número de casos nuevos se elevará a 10 millones si no se logran implementar medidas que contribuyan al control de esta enfermedad 6 .
Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacologia y Terapeutica
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto del tratamiento con dosis moderadas de ... more El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto del tratamiento con dosis moderadas de aceite de pescado por tiempo prolongado, sobre el control de la glicemia y lipidos plasmáticos en ratas machas Sprague Dawley espontáneamente intolerante a la glucosa (IG). 37 ratas con tolerancia glucosada anormal fueron divididos en dos grupos, una experimental (19 ratas), que recibió por sonda orogástrica aceite de pescado (MAXEPA) (40 mg/Kg/día) durante 16 semanas y un grupo control constituido por 18 ratas, el cual recibió el mismo volumen de solución salina. Mientras que la glicemia basal y posterior a la sobrecarga glucosada mostraron una mejoría significativa (control basal 118,83 ñ 3,23 30' 165,45 ñ 12,1; 60' 153,1 ñ 10,65; 120 139,9 ñ 4,49 mg/dl vs aceite de pescado basal 108,6 ñ 3,15 [p<0,03]; 30 140,2 ñ 8,83 [p<0,05] mg/dl), sin embargo, los hallazgos sobre el perfil lipídico no fueron significativos
Objectives: The frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adult populations is constantly increasin... more Objectives: The frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adult populations is constantly increasing in Zulia State. In this study we determined the frequency of polymorphisms G304A exon 3 of the UCP-3 gene and its association with metabolic syndrome components and body composition.
Medicina Clínica, 2013
The polymorphism of the resistin gene (RETN/RSTN) has been associated with metabolic alterations.... more The polymorphism of the resistin gene (RETN/RSTN) has been associated with metabolic alterations. In this study the association between the 3&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;UTR +62G&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;A polymorphism and metabolic syndrome components was evaluated. The population (n=218) was distributed in 3 groups: the control group with no metabolic alterations (n=77), nSMA group with isolated metabolic alterations (n=94) and MS group with metabolic syndrome (n=47). The…
PLoS ONE, 2012
Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide public health issue. Since the epidemiological behaviour of ... more Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide public health issue. Since the epidemiological behaviour of this disease is not well established in our country, the purpose of this study was to determinate its prevalence in the Maracaibo City, Zulia State-Venezuela. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using the data set from the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study. The sample consists of 2108 individuals from both genders and randomly selected: 1119 (53.09%) women and 989 (46.91%) men. The participants were interrogated for a complete clinical history and anthropometric measurements. To classify obesity, the WHO criteria for Body Mass Index (BMI), and Waist Circumference (WC) from the IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO-2009 (IDF-2009) and ATPIII statements were applied. Results: For BMI, obesity had an overall prevalence of 33.3% (n = 701), and according to gender women had 32.4% (n = 363) and men had 34.2% (n = 338). Overweight had a prevalence of 34.8% (n = 733), Normal weight had 29.8% (n = 629), and Underweight had 2.1% (n = 45). Adding Obesity and Overweight results, the prevalence of elevated BMI (.25 Kg/m 2) was 68.1%. Using the IDF-2009 WC's cutoff , Obesity had 74.2% prevalence, compared to 51.7% using the ATPIII parameters. Conclusions: These results show a high prevalence of abdominal obesity in our locality defined by the WHO, IDF-2009 and ATPIII criteria, which were not designed for Latin-American populations. We suggest further investigation to estimate the proper values according to ethnicity, genetic background and sociocultural aspects.
American Journal of Therapeutics, 2013
American Journal of Therapeutics, 2013
It has already been a decade and a half since the discovery of adiponectin and its role as an ins... more It has already been a decade and a half since the discovery of adiponectin and its role as an insulin sensitizer and only 7 years since its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, were described. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a DNA sequence variation that affects only one nucleotide; it may vary from one population to another with different predisposing factors to diseases and other ailments. Once some of the effects of adiponectin and its receptors were known, it was not long until an effort was made to find the associations between specific SNPs of the genes of this hormone and its receptors as genetic risk factors for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, although these genes were investigated as possible candidates related to the development of these metabolic disorders. All of these possible associations were studied in different populations from France, Finland, the United Kingdom, North America, and Japan, showing hardly concluding results, and because of that it is highly controversial to directly associate one of the genes mentioned above to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. All of these inconsistencies lead to a review that summarizes the SNPs of the genes of adiponectin, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 that are mostly related to insulin resistance syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, although presenting the possible factors that should be taken into account to homogenize the results obtained until now.
Archivos Venezolanos De Farmacologia Y Terapeutica, Apr 13, 1999
Kasmera, 2019
The objective was to compare the antibodies against the dengue virus in patients with different t... more The objective was to compare the antibodies against the dengue virus in patients with different types of dyslipidemias. Type of descriptive, prospective study of non-experimental, crosssectional design. The sample consisted of 214 individuals, distributed in 169 with dyslipidemias and 45 controls. Serum lipids and anti-dengue antibodies were determined by conventional biochemical and immunological methods. They were classified into 3 groups: hypertriacilgliceridemia (279.7 ± 84.2 mg / dl); hypercholesterolemia (252.7 ± 38.5 mg / dl) and the group with high triglycerides and cholesterol (257.3 ± 38.5, 271.6 ± 88.7 mg / dl). 96% of the patients showed immunity (IgG) against dengue virus, the primary response (IgM) was present in 22%. Regarding the positivity of IgM, the highest frequency was in the group with hypertriacilgliceridemia (34.2%), while the frequency for IgG was in the group with triacylglycerides and high cholesterol (31.2%). In this study, no difference was observed betw...
Current nutrition reports, Jan 11, 2018
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial shrub with zero calorie content that has been increasing... more Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial shrub with zero calorie content that has been increasing in popularity for its potential use as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity. The level of evidence supporting general benefits to human health is insufficient. We conducted a review of the literature summarizing the current knowledge and role in human disease. Despite stevia's minimal systemic absorption, studies have been promising regarding its potential benefits against inflammation, carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis glucose control, and hypertension. On the other hand, the growing popularity of artificial sweeteners does not correlate with improved trends in obesity. An increased intake of artificial non-caloric sweeteners may not be associated with decreased intake of traditional sugar-sweetened beverages and foods. The effects of Stevia on weight change have been linked to bacteria in the intestinal microbiome, mainly by affecting Clostridium and Bacteroides sp. A growing bod...
Revista Latinoamericana De Hipertension, Dec 1, 2008
Resumen en: ApoE gene polymorphisms have been associated with high plasma lipids levels and cardi... more Resumen en: ApoE gene polymorphisms have been associated with high plasma lipids levels and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine allelic an...
Archivos Venezolanos De Farmacologia Y Terapeutica, 2013
Diabetes Internacional, Aug 15, 2012
Las tiazolidinedionas constituyen un grupo de antihiperglicemiantes orales, que aumentan la sensi... more Las tiazolidinedionas constituyen un grupo de antihiperglicemiantes orales, que aumentan la sensibilidad a la insulina, tras favorecer la movilizacion de los acidos grasos al tejido adiposo; promover la proliferacion y diferenciacion de los adipositos; y regular la transcripcion de adipoquinas. Todos estos efectos son inducidos al activar el receptor γ activador de la proliferacion de los peroxisomas (PPARγ). Estas caracteristicas los han convertido en excelentes agentes de primera linea para el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2. En varios estudios se han encontrado efectos beneficiosos del uso de estas drogas en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular, sindrome de ovario poliquistico y esteatosis hepatica. Sin embargo, se conoce poco sobre el mecanismo de accion de estos farmacos en dichas patologias asi como la seguridad del uso de este medicamento a largo plazo. En este articulo se revisan algunos datos referentes a los beneficios de estos farmacos, en la diabetes y otras enfermedades, asi como sus efectos adversos. Thiazolidinediones are a group of oral antihyperglycemic, that increase the sensitivity to insulin, after emphasizing the mobilization of fatty acids to adipose tissue; Promote the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes and regulate the transcription of adipokines. All these effects are induced for Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). These characteristics have made them excellent first-line agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Several studies have found beneficial effects of using these drugs in patients with cardiovascular risk, polycystic ovary syndrome and hepatic steatosis. However, little is known about the mechanism of action of these drugs in these diseases and the safety of using this drug in long term. In this article we review some information about the benefits of these drugs, in diabetes and other diseases as well as their adverse effects.
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Papers by valmore bermudez