Biology

ÖZ: Bu çalışmada farklı konsantrasyonlarda spermin (0,1 mM; 1,0 mM), brassinosteroid (0,5 μM; 2,0 μM) ve fenilalanin (0,05 mM; 0,5 mM) öncülü tek tek ve 0,5 mM metil jasmonat ile birlikte fesleğen tohumlarına uygulanmış ve yetişen fesleğenler çiçeklenme öncesi biçilerek çeşitli morfolojik ve verim ile ilgili özellikleri incelenmiştir. Uygulamaların fesleğen bitkisinin morfolojik ve verim özelliklerine önemli bir etkisi olmamakla birlikte, tek başına uygulanan hormonlar ve FA öncülünün bitkinin yaş ağırlığı üzerinde gösterdiği olumsuz etki, aynı hormon ve öncülün metil jasmonat ile birlikte uygulanması sonucu ortadan kalkmıştır.

Hydrazone complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Pt(II) with N-isonicotinoyl-N-(3-metoxy-2 hydroxybenzaldehyde)-hydrazone (HL) were synthesized and characterized by different physico-chemical techniques including elemental and thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, molar electric conductivity, as well as IR (infrared), 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR (hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-Vis (ultraviolet-visible), FAB (fast atom bombardment), EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance), and mass spectroscopies. The crystal structure of ligand was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Spectral data showed that hydrazone behaves as an ONO tridentate ligand through the azomethine nitrogen, phenolate and keto oxygen atoms. For the copper(II) complexes, metal-ligand bonding parameters were evaluated from the EPR spectra. These parameters indicate the presence of in-plane π bonding. In addition, the f values of complexes 1-4 indicate small distortion from planarity. The effect of these complexes on proliferation of human breast cancer (MCF-7 and SKBR-3), human melanoma (A375), lung adenocarcinoma cells (NCI-H1573) and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans strains were studied and compared with those of free ligand. The ligand

The genus Lamium L. (Lamiaceae) comprises about 40 species distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa. There are 30 Lamium species recorded in the flora of Turkey 1. Some Lamium species have been used in folk medicine worldwide as remedy in the treatment of several disorders, such as trauma, fracture, paralysis, hypertension, menorrhagia and uterine hemorrhage 2,3. Flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesizing cells and therefore ocur widely in the plant kingdom 4. They are found in the fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems and flowers as well as tea, wine 5 , propolis and honey 6 and represent a common constituent of the human diet 7. Historically, the biological actions of flavonoids, including those on the brain, have been attributed to their ability to exert antioxidant actions 8 , through their ability to scavenge reactive species, or through their possible influences on intracellular redox status 9. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties as well as total phenolic, resveratrol and flavonoid contents of extracts of three different Lamium species.

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 5(14), pp. 3269-3276, 18 July, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR ISSN 1996-0875 ©2011 Academic Journals ... Selection studies on high quality walnut types and their ... Mikdat Simsek1*, Metin Tansu Uguz2, ...

Essential (volatile) oils of herbs and their components, products from the secondary metabolism of a plant, have many applications in folk medicine, food flavoring and preservation as well as in the fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of essential oils have been known for a long time, and a number of investigations have been conducted on their antimicrobial activities using various bacteria, viruses and fungi. 1-6) Free radicals, e.g., superoxide ions (O 2 • Ϫ

Essential oils were obtained from fennel seeds, dill, cumin and coriander. Their antimicrobial activity was tested on isolated clinical specimens of patients treated at the University Hospital of the School of Medicine of Botucatu, SP, UNESP. Microorganisms were grown in BHI (Brain Heart Infusion/Oxoid) at 37 o C/18 hours and resuspended in 0,5 Mac Farland's Standard (1,5 x 10 8 CFU/mL). The diffusion method was performed, putting 10 µl of the essential oils on paper disks (6mm of diameter) (Blank Disks /CECON) at 37 o C/24 hours. After this period, the disks were put on plates containing Mueller Hinton Agar (Oxoid) and inoculated with the microorganisms. After 48 hours at 37 o C, inhibitory zones were measured (mm) for the respective oils and strains. The essential oil from Anethum graveolens showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (inhibitory zone=18 mm), Salmonella sp. (=11 mm) and E. coli (10 mm). The Cuminum cyminum essential oil was effective against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella sp. and their inhibitory zones were 18, 10 and 23 mm, respectively. Coriandrum sativum oil was active only against Salmonella sp. (18 mm) and Foeniculum vulgare inhibited only E. coli (9 mm).

Aryl-furyl substituted pyrazolines 2a-c and 4a-c were prepared by the reaction of α,βunsaturated carbonyl compounds with hydrazine or phenyl hydrazine. N-chloroacetyl derivatives 3a-c were obtained by the N-acetylation of 2a-c. The antibacterial activities of synthesized pyrazolines were examined by employing the disk-diffusion technique. All synthesized compounds showed antibacterial effects in 1200 µg concentration.

The chemical composition of the volatile constituent from flowering parts of Thymus re6olutus C., an endemic plant of Turkey, were analysed by GC/MS. Twenty-two components were identified, and carvacrol was found as a predominant compound in the oil. Furthermore, the essential oil was tested against 11 bacteria and four fungi at different concentrations. Results showed that the oil exhibited a significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.

In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), Stachys annua (L.) subsp. annua Ic., Stachys pumilia Banks & Sol., Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae), Allium neapolitanum Lyr. (Liliaceae), Salvia viridis L. (Lamiaceae), and Nicotina rustica (Solanaceae) species were investigated. The microbial effects of these plants were tested by a disk diffusion method using Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Bacillus brevis FMC 3, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22, Bacillus cereus FMC 19, Escherichia coli DM, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50071, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and Micrococcus luteus LA 2971, Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans CCM 314. The results showed that the fruit extract of R. coriaria had the strongest antimicrobial effect with an inhibition zone of 35-51 mm against all the bacteria used, while S. viridis demonstrated the weakest antibacterial effect, inhibiting only the development of S. aureus, with an inhibition zone of 11 mm. A. neapolitanum, L. nobilis and N. rustica extracts were effective only with some yeasts. The growth of S. aureus was inhibited by all the plant extracts except for S. annua subsp. annua, having an inhibition zone ranging from 7-8 mm. With the exception of B. subtilis IMG 22, L. monocytogenes Scott A and M. luteus LA 2971, the growth of the other bacteria was inhibited by all the extracts. Except for the fruit extracts of R. coriaria and A. neapolitanum, all additional extracts of generated inhibition zones smaller than those generated by several reference antibiotics.

The antimicrobial activities of valex (the extract of valonia), the extracts of mimosa bark, gallnut powders, Salvia aucheri Bentham var. aucheri and Phlomis bourgei Boiss were studied. The antimicrobial activity of the above plants was evaluated by the disk diffusion method using Bacillus brevis FMC 3, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22, Bacillus cereus EÜ, Escherichia coli DM,

Unsymmetric tridentate ligands, 4-methyl-2,6-di(4-methyliminomethyl)phenol (HL 1), 4-(t-butyl)-2,6-di(4-methylphenyliminomethyl)phenol (HL 2), 2,6-di(4-bromophenyliminomethyl)-4-methylphenol (HL 3), 2,6-di(4-bromophenyliminomethyl)-4-(t-butyl)phenol (HL 4), 2,6-di(4-hydroxyphenyliminomethyl)-4-methylphenol (HL 5) and 4-(tbutyl)-2,6-di(4-hydroxyphenyliminomethyl)phenol (HL 6), and their binuclear Cu II , Co II and Ni II complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, u.v.-vis spectrometry magnetic moments, 1 H(13 C)n.m.r. and mass spectral data. Also, the electrical conductivities of the complexes have been measured using 10)3 M solutions in MeCN. The complexes are weak electrolytes. In the electronic spectra of the complexes of the HL 1-HL 6 ligands, the 480-410 nm band has been determined as the charge-transfer band. While the HL 5 and HL 6 ligands have five potential donor atoms, other ligands have only three. Protonation constants of the ligands have been studied in dioxan-water mixtures. In addition, the antimicrobial properties of the ligands and their metal complexes have been studied: Bacillus megaterium, Micrococcus luteus, Corynebavterium xenosis, Enterococcus faecalis, bacteria and Saccoramyces cerevisia, yeast. The keto-enol tautomeric equilibria of the ligands have been investigated in polar and non-polar solvents.

Bu çalışmada Kahramanmaraş'taki hastane ve polikliniklere başvuran hastalardan izole edilen Escherichia coli' nin β-Laktam grubu antibiyotiklere karşı direnç gelişimi araştırıldı. E.coli suşlarının antibiyotik dirençliliğini belirlemek amacıyla antibiyogramları yapıldı. Antibiyogram için Kibry-Bower disk difüzyon yöntemi ile test edildi. Sonuçta, E.coli'nin inhibisyonunda Ceftizoxime (%70.58) ve Imipenem (%55.88) en etkili antibiyotikler olarak gözlendi ve Ampicilin (%98.52) en ez etkili antibiyotik olarak gözlendi.

We synthesized the Schiff base ligands H2L1–H2L4 and their La(III) complexes and characterized them by the analytical and spectroscopic methods. We investigated their electrochemical and antimicrobial activity properties. The electrochemical properties of the ligands H2L1–H2L4 and their La(III) complexes were studied at the different scan rates (100 and 200 mV), different pH ranges (), and in the different solvents. The electrooxidation of the Schiff base ligands involves a reversible transfer of two electrons and two protons in solutions of pH up to 5.5, in agreement with the one-step two-electron mechanism. In solutions of pH higher than 5.5, the process of electrooxidation reaction of the Schiff base ligands and their La(III) complexes follows an ECi mechanism. The antimicrobial activities of the ligands and their complexes were studied. The thermal properties of the metal complexes were studied under nitrogen atmosphere in the range of temperature 20–1000°C.