Papers by Himanshu Tiwari
International journal of plant and soil science, Feb 1, 2024
Millets are a species of grass plants with small grains that have a remarkable ability to endure ... more Millets are a species of grass plants with small grains that have a remarkable ability to endure severe drought and play an important role in many regions of the country's dietary patterns. Millets possess an abundance amount of minerals, dietary fibre and phytochemicals which makes them nutritionally superior to conventional food grains. Millet also has a high antioxidant capacity and nutraceutical content, which can help prevent oxidative stress-related disorders like diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. Millets have been shown to provide a variety of physiological benefits such as free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and anti-diabetic properties. Soaking, germination, malting, decortication, and boiling of millets serve to reduce anti-nutritional elements while improving digestibility and nutritional content. Millet is a potentially tremendous crop but under-explored as compared to cereals. Enhancing the consumption of millets would help in addressing the problem of nutritional security, hidden hunger and combating oxidative stress-induced disorders in developing countries.
International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, Aug 23, 2023
Globally, there is an increase in hidden hunger; a type of malnutrition brought about by a lack o... more Globally, there is an increase in hidden hunger; a type of malnutrition brought about by a lack of certain micronutrients (Mg, Na, K, Cu, Mn, Mb, Zn, Cr, Su, and Cl). This review tries to investigate the possibilities of millet-based integrated farming system as a tool to tackle this global menace. Small-seeded grains known as millets are renowned for their great nutritional value and resistance to a variety of agro-ecological situations. Millets are high in fibre, protein and micronutrients However, there has been a drop in consumption and cultivation of millets in many countries despite their nutritional potential because of a variety of issues which include: limited access to better seed varieties, a lack of post-harvest infrastructure, shaky market relations, and insufficient policy backing millet production and sales. This review tends to offer important suggestions for overcoming these limitations and encouraging agro-diversification initiatives. These suggestions are: stepping up research and development to improve the adaptability and nutritional value of millet varieties, putting policies in place that support millet marketing and production, setting up a productive post-harvest infrastructure, and raising consumer awareness of and demand for milletbased products. Moreover, encouraging cooperation among many stakeholders, which includes: farmers, researchers, policymakers, and consumers, is essential to create a favourable climate for the adoption and expansion of integrated agricultural systems based on millets. Conclusion: Embracing millets as a cornerstone of integrated farming systems will allow diversification of agricultural methods, which will improve ecosystem services such as soil health and biodiversity which can considerably help to combat hidden hunger and ensure global food and nutritional security.
International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, May 5, 2023
Treatment T 13 recorded significantly highest grain yield (47.5 Kg ha-1), straw yield (64.0 kg ha... more Treatment T 13 recorded significantly highest grain yield (47.5 Kg ha-1), straw yield (64.0 kg ha-1), biological yield (111.5 kg ha-1) and harvest index (42.6 %) while the lowest was recorded under control T 1 .
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a ancestor of the Poaceae family, is one of the most important cere... more Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a ancestor of the Poaceae family, is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. On a global scale, wheat is the main cereal that is cultivated and produced most widely. Irrigation has been essential to keep wheat a key food crop around the world. In response to climate change, it is also becoming more important. In response to better irrigation management, a key aspect in increasing water productivity and maintaining the viability of water resource use in agricultural production. At all growth stages of the crop, the wheat crop's growth and yield characteristics improved with rising levels of moisture regime. The performance of the yield component parts has been linked to higher nitrogen fertilization levels.
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
The field experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm of Acharya Narendra Dev University... more The field experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm of Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during Rabi Season 2021-22 to study the “Study on performance of nitrogen management through nano urea and conventional urea in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four replications and six treatments i.e. T1: Control, T2 : 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through conventional Urea (40% at Basal+ 30% at 30days after sowing (DAS)+30% at 50DAS), T3 : 75% RDN through conventional Urea as Basal + 25% RDN through Nano Urea as Topdressing (at 30 and 50 DAS), T4 : 50% RDN through conventional Urea as Basal + 50% RDN through Nano Urea as Topdressing (at 30 and 50 DAS), T5 : 25% RDN through conventional Urea as Basal + 75% RDN through Nano Urea as Topdressing (at 30 and 50 DAS), T6 : 100% RDN through Nano Urea as Topdressing (50% at 30DAS+50% at 50DAS). The observation on differe...
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
We characterize the intrinsic properties of any FRB using its redshift z , spectral index α and e... more We characterize the intrinsic properties of any FRB using its redshift z , spectral index α and energy E33 in units of $10^{33} \, {\rm J}$ emitted across 2128–2848 MHz in the FRB’s rest frame. Provided that z is inferred from the measured extra-galactic dispersion measure DMEx, the fluence F of the observed event defines a track in (α, E33) space which we refer to as the ’energy track’. Here, we consider the energy tracks for a sample of 254 non-repeating low dispersion measure FRBs from the CHIME/FRB catalogue-1, and use these to determine the conditional energy distribution, n(E33∣α), i.e. the number of FRBs in the interval ΔE33 given a value of α. For all values of α, we can identify two distinct energy ranges indicating that there are possibly two distinct FRB populations. At high energies, the distribution is well fitted by a modified Schechter function whose slope and characteristic energy both increase with α. At low energies, the number of FRBs are in excess of the predicti...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
Nutritional deficits in humans and animals constitute a hidden epidemic in many impoverished area... more Nutritional deficits in humans and animals constitute a hidden epidemic in many impoverished areas across the world. The staple foods of developing South Asian and African nations, such as rice, wheat, and maize, are poor in micronutrients. In recent past, a lack of food diversification i.e., cereal-based crops low in minerals, is another danger to nutritional quality and security. Because of the inherently low-level accumulation of nutrients in cereal crops, they are the primary target for bio-fortification among all crops. Among different micronutrients, zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient that plays a vital role in a variety of physiological functions, and its scarcity will result in lower crop yields and productivity. Agronomic practices like application of fertilizers in soil, nutri-priming, foliar spray etc. enhance the availability and uptake of Zn in crops. As a result, the growth and development, quality parameters and yield attributes of crop enhanced significantly. Th...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
The productivity of the rice and wheat farming system is now fast approaching stability, in spite... more The productivity of the rice and wheat farming system is now fast approaching stability, in spite of the fact that the green revolution assisted India in becoming self-sufficient. To introduce traditional grains that are both nutrient-dense and environmentally sustainable, agricultural diversification is necessary. Security in food and nourishment for everyone must be ensured. However, getting there is really difficult. Data readily available indicates that hunger levels are rising globally. Small millets are adaptable, less labor-intensive, resilient, nutritious, and sustainable crops that can help to some part mitigate the issues facing modern agriculture. Small millets are far less commonly consumed than major cereals. Small millets have been marginalized and neglected as a result of overdependence on a few numbers of plant species, namely, rice, wheat, maize, and potatoes. Energy, complex carbs, minerals, and phytochemicals are abundant in little millets. These can be used, acco...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
In India, 600 million people are dependent on the agricultural sector, the majority of them are s... more In India, 600 million people are dependent on the agricultural sector, the majority of them are small farmers with up to 2 hectares of land holding. Rain-fed is two thirds of the net sown area. About 40 million hectares of this land being flood-prone and about two thirds of it is drought-prone. Geographically, the poorest people typically reside in more exposed or marginal areas, such as on nutrient-deficient soils or flood plains. Due to limited human and financial resources, the poor are also less able to respond and have very limited capacity to cope with the effects of climate change and adapt to a changing hazard burden. The great majority of the world's population is feeds through the current food system, which also supports for the livelihoods of over 1 billion people. Since 1961, The amount of food supply per capita has increased by more than 30%, accompanied by greater use of nitrogen fertilizers and water resources for irrigation. However, 821 million people are curren...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
The world is dealing with both agrarian and nutritional issues. We must concentrate on dry lands ... more The world is dealing with both agrarian and nutritional issues. We must concentrate on dry lands in order to further increase grain production because agricultural lands with irrigation facilities have been fully utilised. It is difficult to use dry lands to produce enough high-quality grains because of their low fertility. Millets, a crop that complies with climate change regulations, outperform other grains like wheat and rice in terms of poor growing conditions and high nutritional value. Sustainable food systems aim to provide sufficient and nutritious food, while maximising climate resilience and minimizing resource demands as well as negative environmental impacts. We perform a series of optimizations to maximize nutrient production (i.e., protein and iron), minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and re-source use (i.e., water and energy), or maximize resilience to climate extremes. We find that increasing the area under coarse cereals (i.e., millets, sorghum) improves nutrit...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
A two years field experiment was carried out in sandy loam soil during rainy (Kharif) seasons in ... more A two years field experiment was carried out in sandy loam soil during rainy (Kharif) seasons in 2019-2020 at CRC farm of sardar vallabhbhai patel university of agricultural & technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the various Planting techniques and integrated nutrient management on yield and soil health of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under rice- wheat copping system. The treatments comprised of two Planting techniques i.e., E1-Conventional puddled transplanted rice (CT- TPR), E2- Wide bed Transplanted rice (W Bed-TPR) and Nine Nutrient management practices {N1- Control, N2- 100% RDF + ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1, N3- 125% RDN + ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1, N4- STCR based NPK application + ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1, N5- N2+ FYM (5 t ha-1), N6- N2+ FYM (5 t ha-1) + PSB (5 kg ha-1)+ Azotobactor 20 kg ha-1, N7- 75% RDN + FYM (5 t ha-1) + ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1, N8-75% RDN + FYM (5 t ha-1) + PSB (5 kg ha-1) + Azotobactor 20 kg ha-1 + ZnSO4 25 kg ha-1, N9- Organics Practices @ FYM (30 t ha-1)+PSB (5 kg ha-1) + Azotoba...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
India will experience massive urbanization in the coming decades, with the country's urban po... more India will experience massive urbanization in the coming decades, with the country's urban population expected to double by 2050. Climate change is a major threat to urban systems all over the world. Its consequences are expected to worsen over the next few decades. The consequences of climate changes are more in urban areas than rural due to rapid urbanization, health issue, decreasing water level and industrialization etc. Climate change consequences such as increased rainfall intensity, storm surges, temperature fluctuation and flooding are expected to have a global impact on urban health, sustainability, coastal areas, urban infrastructure, migrants, ecosystems and urban water use. On the other hand, humanity able to take collective action to mitigate the severity of these impacts. Mitigation and adaptation strategies, such as climate resilient agriculture, rooftop farming, extreme weather mitigation, resilient water use and so on, will almost certainly be required to deal w...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
Rice-wheat cropping system is one of the major cropping system practiced in South Asia on 13.5 m ... more Rice-wheat cropping system is one of the major cropping system practiced in South Asia on 13.5 m hectares area, 10.3 million hectares of which are in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). The Indian Rice-Wheat Cropping System (RWCS) accounts for more than 70% of the country’s total grain production which is essential for ensuring national food security. Widely used RCT known as Zero Tillage (ZT) in which wheat is directly sown into the undisturbed soil after rice harvested. The Adoption of Furrow Irrigated Raised Bed System (FIRBS) in wheat production saves 30-40% water, seed use by 25-30% and nutrients use by 25% without reducing yield. The RCTs involve residue management (mainly residue retention), crop diversification and no- or minimum tillage with direct seeding and bed planting. AWD in rice save water by 10 to 30% while reducing seepage and deep drainage losses and Brown manuring is highly beneficial for weed control, water and soil conservation and nutrient supplementation. The cul...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
After sugarcane bagasse and maize straw, rice straw (RS) is globally the third largest form of ag... more After sugarcane bagasse and maize straw, rice straw (RS) is globally the third largest form of agricultural residue while, in India, it is the largest form of agricultural residue. In the north-western states of India wheat is taken as a rabi crop and surplus rice straw is a focal issue associated with storage of rice straw, removal of entire straw from the field, and very little time between the cultivation of the crop hence rice straw burning becomes cheap, quick and efficient way for preparing bed for sowing of wheat. Open burning of crop residue kills beneficial soil microflora, degrades soil, and adds to detrimental greenhouse gases such as SO2, NO2, CH4, N2O, CO, and hydrocarbons and particulate matter in the atmosphere. As a result, burning rice straw is a major source of pollution in the environment. This review looked into rice straw alternatives that were less harmful to the environment, such as RS biochar production, RS as industrial waste adsorbents, RS based bio-methana...
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Radio interferometric experiments aim to constrain the reionization model parameters by measuring... more Radio interferometric experiments aim to constrain the reionization model parameters by measuring the 21-cm signal statistics, primarily the power spectrum. However the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal is highly non-Gaussian, and this non-Gaussianity encodes important information about this era. The bispectrum is the lowest order statistic able to capture this inherent non-Gaussianity. Here we are the first to demonstrate that bispectra for large and intermediate length scales and for all unique k-triangle shapes provide tighter constraints on the EoR parameters compared to the power spectrum or the bispectra for a limited number of shapes of k-triangles. We use the Bayesian inference technique to constrain EoR parameters. We have also developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based emulator for the EoR 21-cm power spectrum and bispectrum which we use to remarkably speed up our parameter inference pipeline. Here we have considered the sample variance and the system noise ...
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2021
Decline in soil fertility is one of the major constraints to sustainable crop production and prof... more Decline in soil fertility is one of the major constraints to sustainable crop production and profitability. To meet the increasing demand for the growing population the issue of low soil fertility needs to be addressed moreover, excessive pumping of groundwater over the years to meet the high irrigation water requirement of rice-wheat system has resulted in over exploitation of groundwater in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of India. Replacement of traditional wheat cultivation practices under conservation agriculture (CA) based management (tillage, and crop establishment management) practices are required to promote sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, inefficient nutrient management practices are responsible for low crop yields and nutrient use efficiencies in wheat under rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS). A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (U.P.), India to evaluate the effects of till...
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 2021
We consider a sample of 82 non-repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected at Parkes, ASKAP, CHIM... more We consider a sample of 82 non-repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected at Parkes, ASKAP, CHIME, and UTMOST, each of which operates over a different frequency range and has a different detection criterion. Using simulations, we perform a maximum-likelihood analysis to determine the FRB population model that best fits these data. Our analysis shows that models where the pulse scatter broadening increases moderately with redshift (z) are preferred to those where this increases very sharply or where scattering is absent. Further, models where the comoving event rate density is constant over z are preferred to those where it follows the cosmological star formation rate. Two models for the host dispersion measure (DMHost) distribution (a fixed and a random DMHost) are found to predict comparable results. We obtain the best-fitting parameter values $\alpha =-1.53^{+0.29}_{-0.19}$, $\overline{E}_{33}=1.55^{+0.26}_{-0.22}$, and γ = 0.77 ± 0.24. Here α is the spectral index, γ is the expo...
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2020
Studies on phenological developments of different rice genotypes at different growing environment... more Studies on phenological developments of different rice genotypes at different growing environments were carried out kharif 2019 at Student Instructional Farm of A.N.D.U.A.&T, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The experiment was layout Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications. The treatments comprised of three crop growing environment i.e. 5 th July (D1), 15 th July (D2) and 25 th July (D3) with three genotypes i.e. NDR-97 (V1), SARJOO-52 (V2) and BPT-5204 (V3). The results revealed that crop growing environment on 5 th July (D1) took some more days to reach harvest stage at all genotypes viz.-NDR-97 (87 DAT), SARJOO-52 (110 DAT) and BPT-5204 (132 DAT) followed by 15 th July (D2) crop growing environment at all genotypes viz.-NDR-97 (85 DAT), SARJOO-52 (108 DAT) and BPT-5204 (129 DAT) and 25 th July (D3) crop growing environment on takes minimum days to reach at harvest in case of all genotypes viz.-NDR-97 (82 DAT), SARJOO-52 (106 DAT) and BPT-5204 (126 DAT).
Plant, Soil and Environment, 2012
We studied the impact of 360 ± 50 µL/l (ambient) and 600 ± 50 µL/L (elevated) CO2 on growth perfo... more We studied the impact of 360 ± 50 µL/l (ambient) and 600 ± 50 µL/L (elevated) CO2 on growth performance, biomass production, photosynthetic efficiency, carbon isotope discrimination, protein profile and some antioxidant enzymes on Stylosanthes hamata. This crop responded significantly to photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under elevated CO2. The biomass production in terms of fresh and dry was increased in elevated CO2 by 126.81% (fresh) and 114.55% (dry) over ambient CO2. Long term exposure to elevated CO2 enhanced photosynthetic water use efficiency by 127.77%. The photosynthetic pigment, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio also increased by 220.56 and 132.86%, respectively in elevated over ambient CO2. Around 149% increase in the soluble protein accumulation (mg/g FW) was recorded under elevated over ambient CO2, which was also reflected in the polyacrylamide gel profile. The isoforms of superoxide dismutase and esterase isozymes showed remar...
Journal of environmental biology, 2010
Plant height, biomass production, assimilatory functions and chlorophyll accumulation of Panicum ... more Plant height, biomass production, assimilatory functions and chlorophyll accumulation of Panicum maximum and Stylosanthes hamata in intercropping systems was influenced significantly under elevated CO2 (600 +/- 50 ppm) in open top chambers (OTCs). The plant height increased by 32.0 and 49.0% over the control in P. maximum and S. hamata respectively in intercropping system under elevated CO2 over open field grown crops (Ca). P. maximum and S. hamata produced 67 and 85% higher fresh and dry biomass respectively under elevated CO2. Rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance increased in both the crop species in intercropping systems under elevated CO2. The canopy photosynthesis (photosynthesis x leaf area index) of these crop species increased significantly under elevated CO2 over the open grown crops. The chlorophyll a and b accumulation were also higher in the leaves of both the crop species as grown in OTC with elevated CO2. The increased chlorophyll content, leaf area index a...
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Papers by Himanshu Tiwari