Papers by Salim El-hamidy
Acta Scientific Medical Sciences, Oct 31, 2023
Nanotechnology can provide new solutions for diabetes management by developing more accurate .and... more Nanotechnology can provide new solutions for diabetes management by developing more accurate .and less invasive methods for glucose monitoring and insulin delivery. For example, nanoparticles can be used as contrast agents to help diagnose type 1 diabetes at an early stage, or as carriers for oral insulin formulations that can bypass the digestive enzymes and reach the bloodstream. Nanosensors can also be implanted or worn on the skin to measure glucose levels continuously and wirelessly, reducing the need for painful finger pricks and frequent testing. Moreover, nanotechnology can enable smart insulin delivery systems that can automatically release insulin in response to variations in blood glucose levels, mimicking the function of a healthy pancreas. This review aims to highlight the recent advances and challenges of nanotechnology in diabetes treatment and prevention.
Journal of pharmaceutical research international, Apr 2, 2021
Aim: This investigation pointed to estimate skeletal muscle efficiency of diamond nanoparticles i... more Aim: This investigation pointed to estimate skeletal muscle efficiency of diamond nanoparticles in enhancing Vinblastine (VBL) effects. Methodology: One hundred Albino mice, weighing (23-28 grams) were utilized in this research, after a week of habituation, the mice were divided into five groups at random (20 mice each). Group 1 (control) obtained distilled water infusions, Group 2 (ESC group) injected Ehrlich cells via intramuscular infusion (IM), and Group 3 (ESC+VBL group) gained Vinblastine only, Group 4 (ESC+VBL+ND) received an IM injection of Vinblastine loaded on diamond nanoparticles and Group 5 (ESC+VBL+CS+ND) received IM administration of Vinblastine stacked on Chitosan with nanodiamond. Finally, blood specimens were taken. Serum was obtained to measure Asparaginase aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, and Creatinine kinase. The muscle was removed and observed under a light microscope.
International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials, 2009
The anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective anti-tumour agents us... more The anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective anti-tumour agents used to treat human malignancies. Long-term treatment with DOX is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cardiotoxic effect of DOX using nanoscale. Twelve adult male rats were divided into two groups: control group, group 2A, DOX one week (DOX 1wk), group2B, DOX two weeks (DOX 2wk). Ultrastructural damage using mesoscopic studies showed cardiomyocytes injury after one week and more pronounced after two weeks by increase in thickness of thick myosin filaments (22 nm to 25 nm) and widening of interfilaments spaces (4 nm to 8 nm). In addition to the changes in the mitochondria being the most extensively and progressively injured organelle such as swelling, disorganisation of cristae, vacuolisation to degeneration and complete loss of mitochondrial cristae. The thickness of cristae measured by mesoscopic scale range from 25 nm to 31 nm and spaces vary between 22 nm to 28 nm especially after two weeks of DOX injection.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, 2021
The purpose of this research was to estimate the hepatoprotective efficacy of clay nanoparticles ... more The purpose of this research was to estimate the hepatoprotective efficacy of clay nanoparticles in improving the effects of anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX). One hundred male adult mice were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 (control) was injected with double distilled water, Group 2 (EAC group) received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 0.15 ml Ehrlich cells (2×10 6), in Group 3 (EAC+DOX group) EAC-bearing mice were treated with 0.07 ml of doxorubicin at a dose of 10 mg/kg bw. Doxorubicin was administered IP in six equal doses of injections to animals for 2 weeks for an accumulative dose of 10 mg/kg bw. Group 4 (EAC+DOX+MMT group) got i.p. infusion of 0.07 ml doxorubicin (10mg/kg) stacked on Montmorillonite nanoparticles (30 mg/kg) 3 times per week for about fourteen days. Group 5 (EAC+DOX+OCTA+MMT group) was gotten i.p. administration of 0.07 ml doxorubicin (10mg/kg) stacked on Octadecylamine (OCTA) with Montmorillonite nanoparticles (30 mg/kg) 3 times each week for about fourteen days. Blood samples were obtained at the end of the study and the serum was separated to measure liver function. The liver was removed and histologically analyzed. The serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were elevated, whereas the total protein and albumin were lower than control and other groups in the EAC. After handling of DOX clay NPs, the levels of these parameters were enhanced. In conclusion, nanoclays are influential in curing Ehrlich-induced ascites carcinoma in mice models in the Doxorubicin delivery system. They target DOX release in cancer cells and diminish the side effects of DOX in the liver.
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Mar 21, 2018
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes has become one of the major threat globally. ... more The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes has become one of the major threat globally. Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of death, two-third of which are caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The increasing number of multidrug resistant (MDR) microbes is quite alarming and has raised the necessity of development of new antibacterial drugs. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella have been reported among the top most resistance-developing pathogens. Ricinus communis is an important medicinal plant reported to possess antimicrobial phytochemicals such as a-pinene. The hexane treated crude ethanolic extract of R. communis was evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Klebsiella oxytoca. The agar well diffusion assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity. In the present study, we have shown experimentally that leaf extract of R. communis can induce the deterioration of the inner and outer cell membranes of E. coli and K. oxytoca and decrease their viability at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. Transmission electron microscopic results revealed cell membrane damage, cellular disintegration and release of cytoplasmic content, leading to cell death. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the antibacterial activity of R. communis against E. coli and K. oxytoca by Transmission electron microscopy. The ultramicroscopic observations showed that the phytochemical present in the leaf extract of R. communis could penetrate the bacterial cell, causing rupture of cell membranes and hence confirm the cytotoxic and antimicrobial property of R. communis.
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, May 1, 2022
Acta Scientific Medical Sciences, Jan 31, 2020
Fish are valued as an ideal source of high-quality proteins, which contain large quantities of es... more Fish are valued as an ideal source of high-quality proteins, which contain large quantities of essential amino acids. The present investigation is designed to study the effect of intestinal helminths in the fish; Single, double and triple helminths infection on the protein content of fish Lethrinus mahsena in the presence of some heavy metals (HMs). In this study, total of 130 emperor fish were collected between November 2015 and May 2016 from the coast of Jeddah. The concentration of the HMs in the infected and uninfected fish was analyzed using the atomic flame absorption spectrometer. Total proteins were extracted from infected and uninfected fish tissues and separated by 12% of SDS-PAGE. The results revealed that individual cestodes and triple infection caused lower concentrations of As, Cd, Cu and Fe in fish tissues. While double lesions have caused a decrease in the concentration of Cd and Cu. There were no significant differences between the protein contents of infected and uninfected fish. This indicates that the presence of intestinal worms in the fortified intestine can reduce the harmful effect of accumulated HMs on the protein content of fish despite HMs contamination.
Biological systems : open access, 2015
The effect of a crude, organic, non-alkaloid extract derived from R. stricta leaves were evaluate... more The effect of a crude, organic, non-alkaloid extract derived from R. stricta leaves were evaluated against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pathogens. Antibacterial activities were determined by zones of inhibition using a new 1% agarose well-diffusion method. Structural and morphological alterations of MRSA cells were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The extract showed antibacterial activities against MRSA pathogens. The extract inhibited growth, with zones of inhibition ranging between 6 and 19 mm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the extract distorts the cellular architecture of MRSA pathogens. Crude organic non-alkaloid extract derived from R. stricta leaves might serve as a novel antibiotic agent to prevent or treat lifethreatening MRSA infections.
Inorganic Chemistry, 2002
Cancer becomes one of the leading cause of death in many countries over the world. Fourier-transf... more Cancer becomes one of the leading cause of death in many countries over the world. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of human lung cancer cells (A549) treated with PMF (natural product extracted from PM 701) for different time intervals were examined. Second derivative and difference method were taken in comparison studies. Cesium (Cs) and Rubidium (Rb) nanoparticles in PMF were detected by Energy Dispersive X-ray attached to Scanning Electron Microscope SEM-EDX. Characteristic changes in protein secondary structure, lipid profile and changes in the intensities of DNA bands were identified in treated A549 cells spectra. A characteristic internucleosomal ladder of DNA fragmentation was also observed after 30 min of treatment. Moreover, the pH values were significantly increases upon treatment due to the presence of Cs and Rb nanoparticles in the PMF fraction. These results support the previous findings that PMF is selective anticancer agent and can produce apoptosis to A549 c...
Optik
Abstract Semiconducting quantum dots are light-emitting nanocrystals that have been flourished as... more Abstract Semiconducting quantum dots are light-emitting nanocrystals that have been flourished as novel kind of fluorescent label for biomedical diagnostics and biomolecular imaging. In comparison to conventional fluorescence probe, quantum dots have exceptional optoelectronic characteristics, narrow and symmetric emission spectra, size-tunable light emission, and wide absorption spectrum that permit the concurrent excitations of numerous fluorescent colors. Furthermore, quantum dots are substantially bright and have high resistance to photo bleaching compared with fluorescent proteins and organic dye. Here, a new family of quantum dots based on Cd1-xWxSe nanocrystals using microwave assisted hydrothermal route has been developed. The X-ray demonstrated the cubic phase of these nanocrystals and the expansion of their lattice dimensions due to the incorporation of W dopant. The TEM inspected the increase of the sizes of the Cd1-xWxSe QDs from 3.5 nm to 10.8 nm due to the increase of W dopant. The W dopant caused redshift of the absorption spectra and reduction of the bandgap from 2.54 eV to 2.32 eV. The inclusion of W dopant in the CdSe improved the intensity of luminescence emission by 8 times with narrow bandwidth and quantum yield of 89 %. These auspicious properties pave the way to use the Cd1-xWxSe QDs as fluorescent label for biomedical diagnostics and biomolecular imaging.
For the first time, this study was carried out to investigate and evaluate the relative antibacte... more For the first time, this study was carried out to investigate and evaluate the relative antibacterial activity of three different Nk-lysin peptides from human, chicken, and bovine activity compared to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as antiviral activity against rotavirus (strain SA-11) and finally mechanisms of action optionality. This report is the first of its kind that investigates the increased antimicrobial ability of (Nk-lysin + AgNPs) and (Nk-lysin + human IL-2) combinations against S. typhi activity by carrying out direct comparison under similar experimental settings. Our results showed that gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, including Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium, are susceptible to NK-lysin treatment. It was shown in our findings that there was equal potentiality in mixture (Nk-lysin + AgNPs) and (N...
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 2016
International Journal of Nanoscience, 2010
The optical and electrical studies on ZnO thin film are reported. Thin film of ZnO is deposited o... more The optical and electrical studies on ZnO thin film are reported. Thin film of ZnO is deposited on glass substrate by physical vapor deposition method. In this method, Zn powder is evaporated at a temperature of 400°C in the presence of oxygen and argon gases, and the resulting ZnO is deposited on the glass substrate which is kept at liquid nitrogen temperature. The crystallinity of this ZnO film is studied using XRD technique. The XRD pattern suggests that the nature of this film is polycrystalline. The prominent peaks observed at 31.78, 34.34, 36.18, and 56.32 correspond to the (100), (002), (101), and (110) planes, confirming the formation of hexagonal zinc oxide phase (JCPD 36-1451 for wurtzite zinc oxide). The XRD spectrum very clearly demonstrates that the film deposited in oxygen atmosphere has a dominant (101) orientation. The d hkl values are estimated for this as-deposited ZnO thin-film. It is observed that these calculated values in close agreement with the reported d hkl...
Nanoscale Research Letters, 2010
We report the electrical and optical studies of thin films of a-Ga x Se 100-x nanorods (x = 3, 6,... more We report the electrical and optical studies of thin films of a-Ga x Se 100-x nanorods (x = 3, 6, 9 and 12). Thin films of a-Ga x Se 100-x nanorods have been synthesized thermal evaporation technique. DC electrical conductivity of deposited thin films of a-Ga x Se 100-x nanorods is measured as a function of temperature range from 298 to 383 K. An exponential increase in the dc conductivity is observed with the increase in temperature, suggesting thereby a semiconducting behavior. The estimated value of activation energy decreases on incorporation of dopant (Ga) content in the Se system. The calculated value of preexponential factor (r 0) is of the order of 10 1 X-1 cm-1 , which suggests that the conduction takes place in the band tails of localized states. It is suggested that the conduction is due to thermally assisted tunneling of the carriers in the localized states near the band edges. On the basis of the optical absorption measurements, an indirect optical band gap is observed in this system, and the value of optical band gap decreases on increasing Ga concentration. Keywords a-Ga x Se 100-x nanorods Á XRD pattern Á SEM images Á TEM image Á dc conductivity Á Activation energy Á Absorption coefficient Á Optical band gap
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 2016
In this study we identified the expression patterns of β-defensin-9 in chickens from Saudi Arabia... more In this study we identified the expression patterns of β-defensin-9 in chickens from Saudi Arabia, evaluated the antimicrobial activities of synthetic chicken β-defensin-9 (sAvBD-9) against pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and investigated the mode of action of sAvBD-9 on bacterial cells. The AvBD-9 gene of Saudi chickens encodes a polypeptide of 67 amino acids, which is highly similar to the polypeptide in duck, quail, and goose (97%, 86%, and 87%, respectively) and shares a low sequence similarity with the mammalian defensins. AvBD-9 is expressed in various organs and tissues of Saudi chickens and inhibits the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as showing activity against unicellular and multicellular fungi (Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, and Candida albicans). sAvBD-9 completely inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains as well as Candida albicans. The haemolytic effects of sAvBD-9 were limited. Morphological analysi...
International Journal of Nanoparticles, 2009
A physical vapour condensation method is used to synthesise the nanostructures of ZnO. These nano... more A physical vapour condensation method is used to synthesise the nanostructures of ZnO. These nanostructures are fabricated by resistive heating of Zn powder at a temperature of 400°C in the presence of oxygen and argon gases under a vacuum of order of 10-6 mbar. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images suggest that these nanostructures have some mixed morphology. They contain nanorods as well as nanoparticles. The typical diameter of these nanorods is in the range of 80 nm to 150 nm and the length is of the order of several hundreds of nanometers, whereas the size of the nanoparticles varies from 50 nm to 80 nm. Temperature dependence of dc conductivity of these ZnO nanostructures is also studied in the temperature range (303 K to 573 K). It is found that the experimental data gives a good fit for thermally activated process. Therefore, it is suggested that thermally activated process is responsible for the transport in these nanostructures.
International Journal of Nanoparticles, 2009
Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, ... more Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India Fax: -+91-11-26988332 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] ... Numan A. Salah and Sami S. Habib
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Epigenetic alterations are associated with human cancer development and the inactivation of tumor... more Epigenetic alterations are associated with human cancer development and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Two such tumor suppressor genes, PCNA and RB1, showed an aberrant gene expression in HCC. DNA methylation alters the expression of genes and is one of the processes that transform normal cells into cancer cells. PCNA and RB1 genes screened methylation in the promoter regions in HepG2 cells. The current study examined the effect of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (5-Azacytidine) on gene expression of PCNA and RB1 genes after treatment and showed the impact of 5-aza-CR on the Methylation degree of HepG2 cells. HepG2 cell line originated from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Since HepG2 exhibits the characteristics of human liver carcinoma, it was a good model for detecting the changes in methylation patterns and the gene expression level that was detectable in a clinical setting. The human HepG2 cell line was treated with 5, 10, and 25 µM of 5-aza-CR for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Methylation of PCNA and RB1 was detected by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). PCNA and RB1 gene expression detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The influence of 5-aza-CR on Cell viability was assessed by SRB assay for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. The IC50 is 20.52 µM for 24 h, 12.6117 µM for 48 h, and 10.63 µM for 72 h after exposure to 5-aza-CR, which showed that 5-aza-CR inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a time, and dose-dependent manner. Although other genes may be demethylated due to the 5-aza-CR treatment, we concentrated on the PCNA and RB1 genes. In HepG2 cells, PCNA and RB1 gene methylation were found before 5-aza-CR treatment. In contrast, no PCNA or RB1 gene expression was detected. Treatment with different concentrations of 5-aza-CR significantly decreased the methylation degree of the PCNA and RB1. 5-aza-CR at 25 µM for 72h showed the highest induction activity of PCNA and RB1 gene expression. Methylation-specific PCR results showed that 5-aza-CR promoted the expression of PCNA and RB1 by demethylation. Our results illustrate that 5-aza-CR could reverse the abnormal methylation degree of the PCNA and RB1 genes that are hypermethylated in HepG2 cells and induces the expression of the PCNA and RB1 genes by demethylation.
Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 2016
Diclofenac Sodium (DS) as one of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) is a commonly use... more Diclofenac Sodium (DS) as one of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) is a commonly used and may be used in high or toxic doses by mistake or postoperatively. Consequently, the present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective role of Moringa Oleifera (MO) on the experimentally induced microscopical changes of duodenal mucosa of adult rats following administration of different high doses of DS. Forty five rats were divided into the following groups (15 each): Group I was served as a control group, Group II was subgrouped to IIa, b and c, that were administered oral 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg of DS respectively for 2 days after fasting for 20 hours. Group III was subgrouped to IIIa, b and c. These rats were maintained on oral MO (500mg/kg) daily for one week, and then they were administered the same doses as in the previous group. A variety of histological changes was observed in group II. The changes were ranged from loss of the brush border to cellular lysis, destruction of villi, monocellular infiltrations and basal glandular ulcerations. The PAS stained sections showed focal negative expression of the brush border together. Although the goblet cells appeared significantly decreased in number, they had increased acidic mucin secretion. In conclusion, the current study suggested that MO may have a limited and partial protective effect on the duodenal mucosa in cases of high dose administration.
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Papers by Salim El-hamidy