This paper attempts to reconstruct pastoral Neolithic (PN) communities of southern western Kenya ... more This paper attempts to reconstruct pastoral Neolithic (PN) communities of southern western Kenya subsistence patterns. Generally, subsistence patterns of PN have mainly been reconstructed through cultural materials and food remains found in the archaeological sites. As the basis of the reconstruction of prehistoric and historic subsistence patterns, these sources are inadequate due to the relative generalization of pastoralists’ behaviors and their choices regarding acquiring, preparation and subsequent disposal of food remains. Fundamentally, the aim of this study was to interrogate the subsistence strategies of PN sites of Ngamuriak using ethnographic study of contemporary Maasai community. Thus, middle range theory whereby ethnographic information was employed to interrogate the findings. Notably, data from one months of participant observation, extensive oral interviewing and administration of the survey to 40 households shows that some of the food consumed by pastoralists’ comm...
A cross-sectional study of police officers was carried out in Mandera County of Kenya to elucidat... more A cross-sectional study of police officers was carried out in Mandera County of Kenya to elucidate the impact that reforms in the police service have had on their response to terror activities. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, the study found that while there had been a positive impact for the most part, more still needs to be done especially in the area intelligence gathering to prevent terror attacks and rebuilding the public trust in the police service in light of previous misdeeds.
The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 2020
Background of the Study Road accidents rank high among the major development challenges currently... more Background of the Study Road accidents rank high among the major development challenges currently facing many countries of the world (Borowy, 2013). The frequency, magnitude, and impact of global road carnage are very worrying. Traffic road accidents are ranked ninth in the cause of death in the world where over 50 million people are hurt or seriously injured. An estimated 85% of the deaths occur in developing countries with 65% of the deaths being pedestrians and 35% are children (WHO, 2015). A World Bank report on road accidents in developing countries depicts worrying trends as the number continues to rise causing more harm to the economies of these countries as compared to developed countries (Koptis & Cropper, 2003). They also noted that developed countries register fewer traffic road accidents compared to developing countries though they have more vehicles. Japan, whose number of registered motor vehicles stood at 707 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 5507 fatal accidents. South Africa, with 165 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 13954 fatal accidents while Kenya with 24 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 3302 fatal accidents in 2011 (Verster & Fourie, 2018). In an effort to address road safety, the developed countries have put elaborate measures such as speed control, helmet and seat-belt use, use of road signs, child restraint, deterring drunk-driving and having stringent standards for acquiring driving license among others. These measures are strictly followed and whether they have resulted in reduced traffic road accidents. Tingvall (2009) observed that apart from road safety measures directed to motorists, passengers, and pedestrians, developed counties have also developed road safety policies and enacted laws to address traffic road accidents. Kenya has a fairly good road network as compared to its neighbours in East Africa region. In an article published in World Bank website, Morisset (2012) argued that good road network has a direct impact on the development of a country. He further noted that Tanzania lags behind in economic development as compared to Kenya due to an inferior road network. He also argued that there is a very strong positive correlation between a country's economic development and the quality of its road network. That has been observed in disparities of economic development in Kenya and Tanzania; a case attributed to differential road networks in both countries. Road transport in Kenya is currently the most
Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS), 2020
This article sets out to unravel aspects of environmental changes in the Upper Tana during the se... more This article sets out to unravel aspects of environmental changes in the Upper Tana during the second millennium AD. This aspect has not been adequately addressed in the Upper Tana. This makes it clear that a lacuna exists in the study of communities of the Upper Tana and the way they interact with their environment in the past and present times. The objective of this article is to evaluate the relationship between human activities and environmental change in the Upper Tana from AD 1000 to 1950. It is hypothesized that the advent of iron technology and its attendant economic activities led to the depletion of indigenous forests and the general environmental degradation. The article has employed archaeological, ethnographic, oral and historical methodologies to gather data on vegetation change in the Upper Tana and other related regions. The article, argues that livestock grazing, iron smelting, slush and burn agriculture, and the clearing of forests for housing are key contributors...
Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstra... more Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstrated the area was occupied by hunting and gathering populations during the middle to late Pleistocene as well as the Holocene. These occupations are associated ...
Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstra... more Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstrated the area was occupied by hunting and gathering populations during the middle to late Pleistocene as well as the Holocene. These occupations are associated with significantly wetter environmental conditions extending back to the middle Pleistocene when Lakes Magadi and Natron were fresh water and joined forming a single Magadi-Natron Basin. The unification of both lakes is evidenced by widespread lacustrine and fluvial sediments which were deposited during periods of increased rainfall. The middle Pleistocene lake is represented by the Oloronga Beds while the late Pleistocene early Holocene deposits are termed the High Magadi Beds. Seven radiocarbon dates spanning from 11,000 BP to 1000 BP have been obtained from ostrich eggshell and human and bovid tooth apatite (Table 1). These dates, along with preliminary analysis of stone artifacts, permit the reconstruction of a broad chronology...
Corporate governance is important to the performance of Public Hospitals (PHs) all over the world... more Corporate governance is important to the performance of Public Hospitals (PHs) all over the world. This study investigated the Influence of Corporate Governance on Performance in PHs in Embu County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to assess how board characteristics influence performance in PHs in Embu County. The study’s main problem was to assess the performance in PHs using level of customer satisfaction, level of employees’ satisfaction and efficiency. Given that there is minimal research in corporate governance on management of PHs especially in Embu County, the study addressed challenges faced by management, thus helping formulate policies and strategic guidance for County Governments (CGs). The Stewardship Leadership Theory and Organizational Leadership Style were used to develop the theoretical framework on corporate governance. The information was gathered from 140 respondents using questionnaires. Quantitative data was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics whereas Qu...
This paper attempts to reconstruct pastoral Neolithic (PN) communities of southern western Kenya ... more This paper attempts to reconstruct pastoral Neolithic (PN) communities of southern western Kenya subsistence patterns. Generally, subsistence patterns of PN have mainly been reconstructed through cultural materials and food remains found in the archaeological sites. As the basis of the reconstruction of prehistoric and historic subsistence patterns, these sources are inadequate due to the relative generalization of pastoralists’ behaviors and their choices regarding acquiring, preparation and subsequent disposal of food remains. Fundamentally, the aim of this study was to interrogate the subsistence strategies of PN sites of Ngamuriak using ethnographic study of contemporary Maasai community. Thus, middle range theory whereby ethnographic information was employed to interrogate the findings. Notably, data from one months of participant observation, extensive oral interviewing and administration of the survey to 40 households shows that some of the food consumed by pastoralists’ comm...
A cross-sectional study of police officers was carried out in Mandera County of Kenya to elucidat... more A cross-sectional study of police officers was carried out in Mandera County of Kenya to elucidate the impact that reforms in the police service have had on their response to terror activities. Utilizing a mixed methods approach, the study found that while there had been a positive impact for the most part, more still needs to be done especially in the area intelligence gathering to prevent terror attacks and rebuilding the public trust in the police service in light of previous misdeeds.
The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 2020
Background of the Study Road accidents rank high among the major development challenges currently... more Background of the Study Road accidents rank high among the major development challenges currently facing many countries of the world (Borowy, 2013). The frequency, magnitude, and impact of global road carnage are very worrying. Traffic road accidents are ranked ninth in the cause of death in the world where over 50 million people are hurt or seriously injured. An estimated 85% of the deaths occur in developing countries with 65% of the deaths being pedestrians and 35% are children (WHO, 2015). A World Bank report on road accidents in developing countries depicts worrying trends as the number continues to rise causing more harm to the economies of these countries as compared to developed countries (Koptis & Cropper, 2003). They also noted that developed countries register fewer traffic road accidents compared to developing countries though they have more vehicles. Japan, whose number of registered motor vehicles stood at 707 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 5507 fatal accidents. South Africa, with 165 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 13954 fatal accidents while Kenya with 24 vehicles for every 1000 people, registered 3302 fatal accidents in 2011 (Verster & Fourie, 2018). In an effort to address road safety, the developed countries have put elaborate measures such as speed control, helmet and seat-belt use, use of road signs, child restraint, deterring drunk-driving and having stringent standards for acquiring driving license among others. These measures are strictly followed and whether they have resulted in reduced traffic road accidents. Tingvall (2009) observed that apart from road safety measures directed to motorists, passengers, and pedestrians, developed counties have also developed road safety policies and enacted laws to address traffic road accidents. Kenya has a fairly good road network as compared to its neighbours in East Africa region. In an article published in World Bank website, Morisset (2012) argued that good road network has a direct impact on the development of a country. He further noted that Tanzania lags behind in economic development as compared to Kenya due to an inferior road network. He also argued that there is a very strong positive correlation between a country's economic development and the quality of its road network. That has been observed in disparities of economic development in Kenya and Tanzania; a case attributed to differential road networks in both countries. Road transport in Kenya is currently the most
Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS), 2020
This article sets out to unravel aspects of environmental changes in the Upper Tana during the se... more This article sets out to unravel aspects of environmental changes in the Upper Tana during the second millennium AD. This aspect has not been adequately addressed in the Upper Tana. This makes it clear that a lacuna exists in the study of communities of the Upper Tana and the way they interact with their environment in the past and present times. The objective of this article is to evaluate the relationship between human activities and environmental change in the Upper Tana from AD 1000 to 1950. It is hypothesized that the advent of iron technology and its attendant economic activities led to the depletion of indigenous forests and the general environmental degradation. The article has employed archaeological, ethnographic, oral and historical methodologies to gather data on vegetation change in the Upper Tana and other related regions. The article, argues that livestock grazing, iron smelting, slush and burn agriculture, and the clearing of forests for housing are key contributors...
Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstra... more Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstrated the area was occupied by hunting and gathering populations during the middle to late Pleistocene as well as the Holocene. These occupations are associated ...
Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstra... more Recent archaeological excavations at Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift valley have demonstrated the area was occupied by hunting and gathering populations during the middle to late Pleistocene as well as the Holocene. These occupations are associated with significantly wetter environmental conditions extending back to the middle Pleistocene when Lakes Magadi and Natron were fresh water and joined forming a single Magadi-Natron Basin. The unification of both lakes is evidenced by widespread lacustrine and fluvial sediments which were deposited during periods of increased rainfall. The middle Pleistocene lake is represented by the Oloronga Beds while the late Pleistocene early Holocene deposits are termed the High Magadi Beds. Seven radiocarbon dates spanning from 11,000 BP to 1000 BP have been obtained from ostrich eggshell and human and bovid tooth apatite (Table 1). These dates, along with preliminary analysis of stone artifacts, permit the reconstruction of a broad chronology...
Corporate governance is important to the performance of Public Hospitals (PHs) all over the world... more Corporate governance is important to the performance of Public Hospitals (PHs) all over the world. This study investigated the Influence of Corporate Governance on Performance in PHs in Embu County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to assess how board characteristics influence performance in PHs in Embu County. The study’s main problem was to assess the performance in PHs using level of customer satisfaction, level of employees’ satisfaction and efficiency. Given that there is minimal research in corporate governance on management of PHs especially in Embu County, the study addressed challenges faced by management, thus helping formulate policies and strategic guidance for County Governments (CGs). The Stewardship Leadership Theory and Organizational Leadership Style were used to develop the theoretical framework on corporate governance. The information was gathered from 140 respondents using questionnaires. Quantitative data was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics whereas Qu...
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Papers by LAZARUS NGARI