In the last decade, numbers of algorithms were developed to control the piracy. In most of the ex... more In the last decade, numbers of algorithms were developed to control the piracy. In most of the existing algorithms and software registration schemes, the identity of users and software is not taken into account. After identifying the fundamental weakness of existing piracy control measures, this paper proposes the implementation and testing of WHLK Model [1] in which we introduced an integration of Software Watermarking, Hardware Parameters and License Key that can greatly reduce unauthorized use of software. Unlike traditional static piracy prevention techniques, this new technique would embed the user identity in the software using dynamic watermarking algorithm. The hardware characteristics, which are extracted, and License Key of the software are integrated and then randomizing to generate a unique key dynamically during the software installation on the client machine. In this paper a novel approach is presented which secures the software from being pirated and makes it possible...
Obesity is a disease that has achieved the level that can be considered an epidemic. According to... more Obesity is a disease that has achieved the level that can be considered an epidemic. According to the National Center for Health Statistics data, the prevalence of obesity has increased from 30.5% in 1999-2000 to 42.4% in 2017-2018. During the same period, severe obesity has increased from 4.7% to 9.2%. With the growing prevalence of obesity, related conditions such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, and strokes have also become more prevalent. In the past few years, the need for bariatric surgeries such as laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has increased considerably. With an increasing number of bariatric surgeries, multiple postoperative complications have become common. In this review, we have attempted to describe normal postsurgical anatomical findings after bariatric surgeries and pictorial review of a few common postoperative complications.
Radiological studies have an important role in the diagnosis and follow up of many infectious dis... more Radiological studies have an important role in the diagnosis and follow up of many infectious diseases. With current pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) though the molecular analysis with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the cornerstone of diagnosis, the critical role of chest imaging including CT scan and baseline X-ray became apparent early in the course due to concern for less than optimal sensitivity of PCR testing. Delay in molecular diagnosis due to a shortage of testing kits and laboratory personnel also makes imaging an important modality in early diagnosis for appropriate triage and isolation decisions. CT scan technology is widely available in developed parts of the world but in developing countries, CT scanner is not widely available especially in rural settings. CT imaging usually requires patient movement to the radiology department and the scanner is not easy to disinfect. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has been used for many years in the assessment of critically ill patients in emergency departments and intensive care units. It is rapidly gaining popularity across many specialties and part of many general medicine training programs across the United States. It can be learned rapidly and with experienced hands, POCUS can help identify disease patterns in the lung parenchyma, and during the current pandemic has been gaining special attention. In this article, we review the most prominent imaging findings on chest X-ray and CT scan in patients with COVID-19. We also focus on the background and evolution of POCUS with studies showing the promising role of this diagnostic modality in COVID-19 infection. In addition, we describe step by step guidance on the use and disinfection of the portable ultrasound machine.
Background: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and substance abuse disorders, in adult p... more Background: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and substance abuse disorders, in adult patients with pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) has not been explored. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the psychological healthcare burden faced by PLCH patients. Methods: All PLCH patients seen during one year completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 10 (BIS-10) and the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT) questionnaires. Scores were used to determine the prevalence of psychological and substance abuse problems, and were associated with clinical assessment of the disease. The primary endpoint of the study was the proportion of patients having definite or doubtful anxious state (HAD-A scores of 11 or higher or between 8 and 10, respectively). Logistic regression models were used to quantify the strength of association of various disease-related parameters and the occurrence of anxiety, depression or impulsivity. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included. Definite anxious and depressive states were identified in 29% and 6% patients, respectively, and doubtful anxious and depressive states in 34% and 6%, respectively. Impulsive behaviour was detected in 13% of the cohort. Eleven patients (16%) consumed cannabis on a regular basis, and in 55% of them CUDIT scores suggested cannabis abuse or dependence. Increasing time from diagnosis and successful cessation of cigarette smoke exposure were associated with decreased risk of anxiety. Conclusions: Psychological abnormalities commonly co-exist in adult PLCH patients and should be considered while making their management decisions.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an effective and safe mode of enteral nutrition for ... more Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an effective and safe mode of enteral nutrition for patients needing chronic enteric nutritional support. Exchanging PEG tubes may result in complications due to inexperience as well as due to lack of protocol. We encountered a 73 year-old female with unnoticed, accidently detached portion of the internal bumper of a PEG tube in the gastric lumen after a challenging gastrostomy tube exchange. This case report discusses the complications associated with gastrostomy tube exchange and proposes a planned protocol for successful gastrostomy tube exchange.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2017
Morel-Lavallee lesion is a post-traumatic soft tissue degloving injury. This is commonly associat... more Morel-Lavallee lesion is a post-traumatic soft tissue degloving injury. This is commonly associated with sports injury caused by a shearing force resulting in separation of the hypodermis from the deeper fascia. Most common at the greater trochanter, these injuries also occur at flank, buttock, lumbar spine, scapula and the knee. Separation of the tissue planes result in a complex serosanguinous fluid collection with areas of fat within it. The imaging appearance is variable and non specific, potentially mimicking simple soft tissue haematoma, superficial bursitis or necrotic soft tissue neoplasms. If not treated in the acute or early sub acute settings, these collections are at risk for superinfection, overlying tissue necrosis and continued expansion. In this review article, we discuss the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, imaging features and differential diagnostic considerations of Morel-Lavallee lesions. Role of imaging in guiding prompt and appropriate treatment has als...
Rajendra Singh for his sincere guidance and support throughout my studies at Clemson University. ... more Rajendra Singh for his sincere guidance and support throughout my studies at Clemson University. He continually and convincingly conveyed a spirit of adventure in regard to research and scholarship, and an excitement in regard to teaching. Without his guidance and persistent help this dissertation would not have been possible. I am thankful to Dr. Kelvin F. Poole, who lent invaluable support and advice on various technical issues. I would also like to thank Dr. Michael A. Bridgwood and Dr. Mica Grujicic for serving in my committee and his valuable inputs. I thank Dr. William R. Harrell for allowing me to use his laboratory for electrical measurements and for serving on my committee. I am also thankful to Dr. James E. Harriss for his continuous help and valuable discussions. I wish to thank Dr. Colin McMillen for his help in XRD measurements and study. I would like to thank respective research group of Dr. John Ballato (Silicon Fibers), Dr. A
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Jan 23, 2015
The diffuse cystic lung diseases have a broad differential diagnosis. A wide variety of pathophys... more The diffuse cystic lung diseases have a broad differential diagnosis. A wide variety of pathophysiological processes spanning the spectrum from airway obstruction to lung remodeling can lead to multifocal cyst development in the lung. While lymphangioleiomyomatosis and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis are perhaps more frequently seen in clinic, disorders such as Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, follicular bronchiolitis, and light chain deposition disease are increasingly being recognized. Obtaining an accurate diagnosis can be challenging, and management approaches are highly disease dependent. Unique imaging features, genetic tests, serum studies and clinical features provide invaluable clues that help clinicians distinguish among the various etiologies, but biopsy is often required for definitive diagnosis. In part II of this review, we present an overview of the diffuse cystic lung diseases caused by lymphoproliferative disorders, genetic mutati...
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research, 2012
We report an interesting case of Weill-Marchesani syndrome presenting as unilateral acute pupilla... more We report an interesting case of Weill-Marchesani syndrome presenting as unilateral acute pupillary block glaucoma after dislocation of crystalline lens into anterior chamber in a middleaged woman. Scheimpflug imaging demonstrated accurately the dimensions of spherophakic crystalline lens and its corneal lenticular touch. Glaucoma resolved completely after lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy and she achieved best corrected visual acuity of 20/30. How to cite this article Chaudhary M, Ram J, Gupta N, Verma N. Scheimpflug Imaging in Unilateral Acute Pupillary Block Glaucoma in a Weill-Marchesani Syndrome in an Adult Female. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(3):152-154.
Coal fires in the Jharia coalfield pose a serious threat to India's vital resource of primary cok... more Coal fires in the Jharia coalfield pose a serious threat to India's vital resource of primary coking coal and the regional environment. In order to undertake effective preventative measures, it is critical to detect the occurrence of subsurface coal fires and to monitor the extent of the existing ones. In this study, Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperature Radar (DInSAR) technique has been utilized to monitor subsurface coal fires in the Jharia coalfield. Results showed that majority of the coal fire-related subsidence were concentrated on the eastern and western boundaries of the coalfield. The magnitude of subsidence observed was classified into high (10-27.8 mm), low (0-10 mm) and upliftment (−10-0 mm). The results were strongly supported by in situ observations and satellite-based thermal imagery analysis. Major subsidence was observed in the areas with repeated sightings of coal fire. Further, the study highlighted on the capability of the methodology for predicting potential coal fire zones on the basis of land surface subsidence only. The results from this study have major implications for demarcating the hazardous coal fire areas as well as effective implementation of public safety measures.
in the institute's herbarium (CV 04101). Leaves of the plant were dried in the shade and powdered... more in the institute's herbarium (CV 04101). Leaves of the plant were dried in the shade and powdered. Chemicals Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) was purchased from Qualigens Fine Chemicals, Mumbai. Thiopental sodium was purchased from Sigma chemical company. The following were purchased from Bayer Diagnostics India Limited: SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and bilirubin (SBLN) kits. Silymarin was a gift from Micro Labs Limited, Goa, India. Animals Male albino rats (Druckrey strain) of 100-150 g and Swiss mice (20-25 g) were obtained from the Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The animals were acclimatized to in-house conditions and were fed a commercial pellet diet (Hindustan Lever Limited, Bangalore, India) and water ad libitum. Experimental protocol was undertaken in accordance with the ethical guidelines, and the permission of the institutional animal ethics committee was obtained. Preparation of extract 500 grams of powdered leaves of the plant were defatted with petroleum ether (60-80°C) and then extracted with a sufficient volume of ethanol for 48 h in a soxhlet apparatus. The extract was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure and low temperature (40-50°C) on a rotary evaporator (Yield Materials and Methods Plant material The plant Cleome viscosa Linn. was collected from the forest, in the month
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the develop... more Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of hair follicle tumors, renal tumors and pulmonary cysts. BHD is caused by heterozygous, predominantly truncating mutations in the folliculin (FLCN) gene located on chromosome 17, which encodes a highly conserved tumor suppressor protein. Although management of renal tumors of low malignant potential is the primary focus of longitudinal care, pulmonary manifestations including cyst formation and spontaneous pneumothorax are among the most common manifestations in BHD. Due to the lack of awareness, there is commonly a delay in the pulmonary diagnosis of BHD and patients are frequently mislabeled as having chronic obstructive lung disease, emphysema or common bullae/blebs. A family history of pneumothorax is present in 35 % of patients with BHD. Certain imaging characteristics of the cysts, including size, basilar and peripheral predominance, perivascular and periseptal localization, and elliptical or lentiform shape can suggest the diagnosis of BHD based on inspection of the chest CT scan alone. Recurrent pneumothoraces are common and early pleurodesis is recommended. A better understanding of role of FLCN in pulmonary cyst formation and long term studies to define the natural history of the pulmonary manifestations of BHD are needed.
Boswellic acids (BAs) are isolated from oleo gum resin of Boswellia serrata and are reported to b... more Boswellic acids (BAs) are isolated from oleo gum resin of Boswellia serrata and are reported to be effective as anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor. Pharmacokinetic studies of boswellic acid reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance bioavailability of boswellic acid by its complexation with phosphatidylcholine. A complex of boswellic acid was prepared with phosphatidylcholine and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, and IR. An everted intestine sac technique was used to study ex-vivo drug absorption of boswellic acid-phosphatidylcholine (BA-PC) complex and plain boswellic acid. Anti-inflammatory activity of the complex was compared with boswellic acid in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Hypolipidemic activity was also evaluated in Triton-induced hyperlipidemia. The complex was also converted into vesicles (phytosomes) and compared with other vesicular systems (liposomes and niosomes) by evaluating its antiinflammatory effect. Analytical reports along with spectroscopic data revealed the formation of a complex. The results of ex-vivo study show that BA-PC complex has significantly increased absorption compared with boswellic acid, when given in equimolar doses. The complex showed better anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activity as compared to BA. Among all vesicular systems phytosomes showed maximum antiinflammatory activity. Enhanced bioavailability of the BA-PC complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the boswellic acid. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of complex over boswellic acid, in terms of better absorption, enhanced bioavailability and improved pharmacokinetics.
Alopecia is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most com... more Alopecia is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of alopecia, which affects millions of men and women worldwide, and is an androgen driven disorder. To study the effect of b-sitosterol phyto-vesicles on AGA, the testosterone-induced alopecia model was used. For the study, the albino rats were used and the period of study was 21 days. b-Sitosterol is a phytosterol which is chemically similar to cholesterol. This compound was found suitable for the preparation of phyto-vesicles by the process involving its complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Pharmacokinetic studies of b-sitosterol reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance the bioavailability of b-sitosterol by its complexation with phosphatidyl choline and then to formulate it as phyto-vesicles for the treatment of alopecia. The complex of b-sitosterol was prepared with phosphatidyl choline and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. This complex was then formulated as phyto-vesicles and then characterized. The results revealed that effect on alopecia is better in case of phyto-vesicles as compared to the complex, physical mixture and the b-sitosterol itself. Enhanced bioavailability of the b-sitosterol complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the compound. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of phyto-vesicles over the complex and b-sitosterol, in terms of better absorption and improved activity for the treatment of alopecia.
Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease with considerable overlap of its coronary, carotid, and ... more Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease with considerable overlap of its coronary, carotid, and peripheral manifestations. As an indicator of multifocal atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is emerging as an important aid in risk stratification of patients with coronary artery (CAD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of PAD in high risk subjects and its ability to identify coronary or cerebrovascular patients. A total of 952 (63.3% male; age 63.7 ±10.7 years) patients at high cardiovascular risk (≥2 risk factors), or with evidence of CAD or CVD were screened for PAD by means of ankle-brachial index (ABI) assessment; 226 patients were at high risk (≥2 risk factors), 575 had CAD, and 151 had CVD. A total of 42% of patients with CAD and 36% of patients with CVD had PAD. In patients with CAD one half of cases of PAD were asymptomatic. Asymptomatic PAD (pathological ABI) was strongly associated with CAD and CVD, e...
A 51-year-old black man with a 30 pack-year history of smoking presented with progressive dyspnea... more A 51-year-old black man with a 30 pack-year history of smoking presented with progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and decreased exercise tolerance over the last 2 years. The patient had no history of tuberculosis, recent travel, sick contacts, or fevers.
BackgroundPatients with prior stroke represent a substantial proportion of patients presenting wi... more BackgroundPatients with prior stroke represent a substantial proportion of patients presenting with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the impact of prior stroke on prognosis has not been rigorously examined in the reperfusion era.
In the last decade, numbers of algorithms were developed to control the piracy. In most of the ex... more In the last decade, numbers of algorithms were developed to control the piracy. In most of the existing algorithms and software registration schemes, the identity of users and software is not taken into account. After identifying the fundamental weakness of existing piracy control measures, this paper proposes the implementation and testing of WHLK Model [1] in which we introduced an integration of Software Watermarking, Hardware Parameters and License Key that can greatly reduce unauthorized use of software. Unlike traditional static piracy prevention techniques, this new technique would embed the user identity in the software using dynamic watermarking algorithm. The hardware characteristics, which are extracted, and License Key of the software are integrated and then randomizing to generate a unique key dynamically during the software installation on the client machine. In this paper a novel approach is presented which secures the software from being pirated and makes it possible...
Obesity is a disease that has achieved the level that can be considered an epidemic. According to... more Obesity is a disease that has achieved the level that can be considered an epidemic. According to the National Center for Health Statistics data, the prevalence of obesity has increased from 30.5% in 1999-2000 to 42.4% in 2017-2018. During the same period, severe obesity has increased from 4.7% to 9.2%. With the growing prevalence of obesity, related conditions such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, and strokes have also become more prevalent. In the past few years, the need for bariatric surgeries such as laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has increased considerably. With an increasing number of bariatric surgeries, multiple postoperative complications have become common. In this review, we have attempted to describe normal postsurgical anatomical findings after bariatric surgeries and pictorial review of a few common postoperative complications.
Radiological studies have an important role in the diagnosis and follow up of many infectious dis... more Radiological studies have an important role in the diagnosis and follow up of many infectious diseases. With current pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) though the molecular analysis with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the cornerstone of diagnosis, the critical role of chest imaging including CT scan and baseline X-ray became apparent early in the course due to concern for less than optimal sensitivity of PCR testing. Delay in molecular diagnosis due to a shortage of testing kits and laboratory personnel also makes imaging an important modality in early diagnosis for appropriate triage and isolation decisions. CT scan technology is widely available in developed parts of the world but in developing countries, CT scanner is not widely available especially in rural settings. CT imaging usually requires patient movement to the radiology department and the scanner is not easy to disinfect. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has been used for many years in the assessment of critically ill patients in emergency departments and intensive care units. It is rapidly gaining popularity across many specialties and part of many general medicine training programs across the United States. It can be learned rapidly and with experienced hands, POCUS can help identify disease patterns in the lung parenchyma, and during the current pandemic has been gaining special attention. In this article, we review the most prominent imaging findings on chest X-ray and CT scan in patients with COVID-19. We also focus on the background and evolution of POCUS with studies showing the promising role of this diagnostic modality in COVID-19 infection. In addition, we describe step by step guidance on the use and disinfection of the portable ultrasound machine.
Background: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and substance abuse disorders, in adult p... more Background: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and substance abuse disorders, in adult patients with pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) has not been explored. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the psychological healthcare burden faced by PLCH patients. Methods: All PLCH patients seen during one year completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 10 (BIS-10) and the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT) questionnaires. Scores were used to determine the prevalence of psychological and substance abuse problems, and were associated with clinical assessment of the disease. The primary endpoint of the study was the proportion of patients having definite or doubtful anxious state (HAD-A scores of 11 or higher or between 8 and 10, respectively). Logistic regression models were used to quantify the strength of association of various disease-related parameters and the occurrence of anxiety, depression or impulsivity. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included. Definite anxious and depressive states were identified in 29% and 6% patients, respectively, and doubtful anxious and depressive states in 34% and 6%, respectively. Impulsive behaviour was detected in 13% of the cohort. Eleven patients (16%) consumed cannabis on a regular basis, and in 55% of them CUDIT scores suggested cannabis abuse or dependence. Increasing time from diagnosis and successful cessation of cigarette smoke exposure were associated with decreased risk of anxiety. Conclusions: Psychological abnormalities commonly co-exist in adult PLCH patients and should be considered while making their management decisions.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an effective and safe mode of enteral nutrition for ... more Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an effective and safe mode of enteral nutrition for patients needing chronic enteric nutritional support. Exchanging PEG tubes may result in complications due to inexperience as well as due to lack of protocol. We encountered a 73 year-old female with unnoticed, accidently detached portion of the internal bumper of a PEG tube in the gastric lumen after a challenging gastrostomy tube exchange. This case report discusses the complications associated with gastrostomy tube exchange and proposes a planned protocol for successful gastrostomy tube exchange.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2017
Morel-Lavallee lesion is a post-traumatic soft tissue degloving injury. This is commonly associat... more Morel-Lavallee lesion is a post-traumatic soft tissue degloving injury. This is commonly associated with sports injury caused by a shearing force resulting in separation of the hypodermis from the deeper fascia. Most common at the greater trochanter, these injuries also occur at flank, buttock, lumbar spine, scapula and the knee. Separation of the tissue planes result in a complex serosanguinous fluid collection with areas of fat within it. The imaging appearance is variable and non specific, potentially mimicking simple soft tissue haematoma, superficial bursitis or necrotic soft tissue neoplasms. If not treated in the acute or early sub acute settings, these collections are at risk for superinfection, overlying tissue necrosis and continued expansion. In this review article, we discuss the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, imaging features and differential diagnostic considerations of Morel-Lavallee lesions. Role of imaging in guiding prompt and appropriate treatment has als...
Rajendra Singh for his sincere guidance and support throughout my studies at Clemson University. ... more Rajendra Singh for his sincere guidance and support throughout my studies at Clemson University. He continually and convincingly conveyed a spirit of adventure in regard to research and scholarship, and an excitement in regard to teaching. Without his guidance and persistent help this dissertation would not have been possible. I am thankful to Dr. Kelvin F. Poole, who lent invaluable support and advice on various technical issues. I would also like to thank Dr. Michael A. Bridgwood and Dr. Mica Grujicic for serving in my committee and his valuable inputs. I thank Dr. William R. Harrell for allowing me to use his laboratory for electrical measurements and for serving on my committee. I am also thankful to Dr. James E. Harriss for his continuous help and valuable discussions. I wish to thank Dr. Colin McMillen for his help in XRD measurements and study. I would like to thank respective research group of Dr. John Ballato (Silicon Fibers), Dr. A
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Jan 23, 2015
The diffuse cystic lung diseases have a broad differential diagnosis. A wide variety of pathophys... more The diffuse cystic lung diseases have a broad differential diagnosis. A wide variety of pathophysiological processes spanning the spectrum from airway obstruction to lung remodeling can lead to multifocal cyst development in the lung. While lymphangioleiomyomatosis and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis are perhaps more frequently seen in clinic, disorders such as Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, follicular bronchiolitis, and light chain deposition disease are increasingly being recognized. Obtaining an accurate diagnosis can be challenging, and management approaches are highly disease dependent. Unique imaging features, genetic tests, serum studies and clinical features provide invaluable clues that help clinicians distinguish among the various etiologies, but biopsy is often required for definitive diagnosis. In part II of this review, we present an overview of the diffuse cystic lung diseases caused by lymphoproliferative disorders, genetic mutati...
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research, 2012
We report an interesting case of Weill-Marchesani syndrome presenting as unilateral acute pupilla... more We report an interesting case of Weill-Marchesani syndrome presenting as unilateral acute pupillary block glaucoma after dislocation of crystalline lens into anterior chamber in a middleaged woman. Scheimpflug imaging demonstrated accurately the dimensions of spherophakic crystalline lens and its corneal lenticular touch. Glaucoma resolved completely after lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy and she achieved best corrected visual acuity of 20/30. How to cite this article Chaudhary M, Ram J, Gupta N, Verma N. Scheimpflug Imaging in Unilateral Acute Pupillary Block Glaucoma in a Weill-Marchesani Syndrome in an Adult Female. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(3):152-154.
Coal fires in the Jharia coalfield pose a serious threat to India's vital resource of primary cok... more Coal fires in the Jharia coalfield pose a serious threat to India's vital resource of primary coking coal and the regional environment. In order to undertake effective preventative measures, it is critical to detect the occurrence of subsurface coal fires and to monitor the extent of the existing ones. In this study, Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperature Radar (DInSAR) technique has been utilized to monitor subsurface coal fires in the Jharia coalfield. Results showed that majority of the coal fire-related subsidence were concentrated on the eastern and western boundaries of the coalfield. The magnitude of subsidence observed was classified into high (10-27.8 mm), low (0-10 mm) and upliftment (−10-0 mm). The results were strongly supported by in situ observations and satellite-based thermal imagery analysis. Major subsidence was observed in the areas with repeated sightings of coal fire. Further, the study highlighted on the capability of the methodology for predicting potential coal fire zones on the basis of land surface subsidence only. The results from this study have major implications for demarcating the hazardous coal fire areas as well as effective implementation of public safety measures.
in the institute's herbarium (CV 04101). Leaves of the plant were dried in the shade and powdered... more in the institute's herbarium (CV 04101). Leaves of the plant were dried in the shade and powdered. Chemicals Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) was purchased from Qualigens Fine Chemicals, Mumbai. Thiopental sodium was purchased from Sigma chemical company. The following were purchased from Bayer Diagnostics India Limited: SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and bilirubin (SBLN) kits. Silymarin was a gift from Micro Labs Limited, Goa, India. Animals Male albino rats (Druckrey strain) of 100-150 g and Swiss mice (20-25 g) were obtained from the Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The animals were acclimatized to in-house conditions and were fed a commercial pellet diet (Hindustan Lever Limited, Bangalore, India) and water ad libitum. Experimental protocol was undertaken in accordance with the ethical guidelines, and the permission of the institutional animal ethics committee was obtained. Preparation of extract 500 grams of powdered leaves of the plant were defatted with petroleum ether (60-80°C) and then extracted with a sufficient volume of ethanol for 48 h in a soxhlet apparatus. The extract was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure and low temperature (40-50°C) on a rotary evaporator (Yield Materials and Methods Plant material The plant Cleome viscosa Linn. was collected from the forest, in the month
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the develop... more Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of hair follicle tumors, renal tumors and pulmonary cysts. BHD is caused by heterozygous, predominantly truncating mutations in the folliculin (FLCN) gene located on chromosome 17, which encodes a highly conserved tumor suppressor protein. Although management of renal tumors of low malignant potential is the primary focus of longitudinal care, pulmonary manifestations including cyst formation and spontaneous pneumothorax are among the most common manifestations in BHD. Due to the lack of awareness, there is commonly a delay in the pulmonary diagnosis of BHD and patients are frequently mislabeled as having chronic obstructive lung disease, emphysema or common bullae/blebs. A family history of pneumothorax is present in 35 % of patients with BHD. Certain imaging characteristics of the cysts, including size, basilar and peripheral predominance, perivascular and periseptal localization, and elliptical or lentiform shape can suggest the diagnosis of BHD based on inspection of the chest CT scan alone. Recurrent pneumothoraces are common and early pleurodesis is recommended. A better understanding of role of FLCN in pulmonary cyst formation and long term studies to define the natural history of the pulmonary manifestations of BHD are needed.
Boswellic acids (BAs) are isolated from oleo gum resin of Boswellia serrata and are reported to b... more Boswellic acids (BAs) are isolated from oleo gum resin of Boswellia serrata and are reported to be effective as anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor. Pharmacokinetic studies of boswellic acid reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance bioavailability of boswellic acid by its complexation with phosphatidylcholine. A complex of boswellic acid was prepared with phosphatidylcholine and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, and IR. An everted intestine sac technique was used to study ex-vivo drug absorption of boswellic acid-phosphatidylcholine (BA-PC) complex and plain boswellic acid. Anti-inflammatory activity of the complex was compared with boswellic acid in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Hypolipidemic activity was also evaluated in Triton-induced hyperlipidemia. The complex was also converted into vesicles (phytosomes) and compared with other vesicular systems (liposomes and niosomes) by evaluating its antiinflammatory effect. Analytical reports along with spectroscopic data revealed the formation of a complex. The results of ex-vivo study show that BA-PC complex has significantly increased absorption compared with boswellic acid, when given in equimolar doses. The complex showed better anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activity as compared to BA. Among all vesicular systems phytosomes showed maximum antiinflammatory activity. Enhanced bioavailability of the BA-PC complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the boswellic acid. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of complex over boswellic acid, in terms of better absorption, enhanced bioavailability and improved pharmacokinetics.
Alopecia is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most com... more Alopecia is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of alopecia, which affects millions of men and women worldwide, and is an androgen driven disorder. To study the effect of b-sitosterol phyto-vesicles on AGA, the testosterone-induced alopecia model was used. For the study, the albino rats were used and the period of study was 21 days. b-Sitosterol is a phytosterol which is chemically similar to cholesterol. This compound was found suitable for the preparation of phyto-vesicles by the process involving its complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Pharmacokinetic studies of b-sitosterol reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance the bioavailability of b-sitosterol by its complexation with phosphatidyl choline and then to formulate it as phyto-vesicles for the treatment of alopecia. The complex of b-sitosterol was prepared with phosphatidyl choline and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. This complex was then formulated as phyto-vesicles and then characterized. The results revealed that effect on alopecia is better in case of phyto-vesicles as compared to the complex, physical mixture and the b-sitosterol itself. Enhanced bioavailability of the b-sitosterol complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the compound. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of phyto-vesicles over the complex and b-sitosterol, in terms of better absorption and improved activity for the treatment of alopecia.
Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease with considerable overlap of its coronary, carotid, and ... more Atherosclerosis is a generalized disease with considerable overlap of its coronary, carotid, and peripheral manifestations. As an indicator of multifocal atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is emerging as an important aid in risk stratification of patients with coronary artery (CAD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of PAD in high risk subjects and its ability to identify coronary or cerebrovascular patients. A total of 952 (63.3% male; age 63.7 ±10.7 years) patients at high cardiovascular risk (≥2 risk factors), or with evidence of CAD or CVD were screened for PAD by means of ankle-brachial index (ABI) assessment; 226 patients were at high risk (≥2 risk factors), 575 had CAD, and 151 had CVD. A total of 42% of patients with CAD and 36% of patients with CVD had PAD. In patients with CAD one half of cases of PAD were asymptomatic. Asymptomatic PAD (pathological ABI) was strongly associated with CAD and CVD, e...
A 51-year-old black man with a 30 pack-year history of smoking presented with progressive dyspnea... more A 51-year-old black man with a 30 pack-year history of smoking presented with progressive dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and decreased exercise tolerance over the last 2 years. The patient had no history of tuberculosis, recent travel, sick contacts, or fevers.
BackgroundPatients with prior stroke represent a substantial proportion of patients presenting wi... more BackgroundPatients with prior stroke represent a substantial proportion of patients presenting with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the impact of prior stroke on prognosis has not been rigorously examined in the reperfusion era.
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Papers by nishant gupta