Water is crucial for agriculture and needs to be used effectively due to climate change and droug... more Water is crucial for agriculture and needs to be used effectively due to climate change and drought in the Mediterranean region. For this reason, to adapt to water deficit scenarios, deficit irrigation applications are increasing in importance. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of varying levels of irrigation on growth parameters and concentration of nutrients in tomato plants grown under greenhouse conditions. The irrigation schedule used in this study was designed to include 100% (control), 90%, 80% and 70% of evaporation from the class-A pan. Water deficit was found to cause a stress effect in tomato plants, which was reflected in changes in the physiological function plants, such as flowering and early ripening. In addition, the SPAD values were examined, for which the lowest value of the green color intensity of the leaves was 47.3 (I3) and the highest was 48.7 (I4). However, the results of statistical analyses show that the difference was not significant. We...
Bu çalışmada; anaç adayı olabilecek bazı kabak ve kavun türleri üzerine Beith Alfa tipi hıyar aşı... more Bu çalışmada; anaç adayı olabilecek bazı kabak ve kavun türleri üzerine Beith Alfa tipi hıyar aşılanmasıyla bu kombinasyonlardan elde edilen aşılı hıyarların bitki büyümesi, verim ve kalite üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada; Lagenaria siceraria, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moshata, Luffa cylindrica, Cucumis melo var. dudaim ve ticari olarak daha çok karpuz için kullanılan TZ148 F1 anaç olarak, kalem olarak da Bereket F1 hıyar çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubu olarak aşısız ve kendi üzerine aşılı bitkiler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, bitki boyu bakımından en yüksek değeri TZ 148 F1 anacı üzerine aşılı hıyar bitkisinden elde edilirken, yine erkenci verimde en yüksek değer TZ 148 F1 anaçlarından elde edilmiştir. Toplam verimde aşısız (kontrol) grubu, kendi üzerine aşılı (Bereket F1/ Bereket F1) ve TZ 148 F1 üzerine aşılı olan kombinasyonların verimleri daha yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonunda uygun anaç kombinasyonunun belirlenmesi ile denemede kullanılan hıyar yetiştiriciliğinde bitki büyümesi, verim ve kalite üzerine olumlu etki gösterdiği, aşılı fide kullanımında seçilen anaçların önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. .
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2006
Résumé/Abstract The aim of the present research was to study changes in the major anti-oxidative ... more Résumé/Abstract The aim of the present research was to study changes in the major anti-oxidative enzyme activities known to be associated with the apoplast, during the induction of blossom-end rot (BER) in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits grown under saline conditions. Pepper plants of the BER-sensitive cv.'Mazurka'and less-sensitive cv.'Selica'were grown under control, low-and high-salinity irrigation regimes. Fruits were harvested continuously and, after approx. 7 months under these conditions, BER ...
Production of vegetables starting with grafted seedlings is common in many countries with documen... more Production of vegetables starting with grafted seedlings is common in many countries with documented advantages over non-grafted seedlings, such as improved disease resistance and enhanced abiotic stress tolerance/resistance. However, the involvement of hormonal effects in the responses of grafted seedlings to abiotic stresses is not clear yet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ABA and of anti ethylene agents STS and AVG and ascorbic acid (as an anti-oxidant) on the performance of melon/pumpkin grafted transplants under salinity condition. Non-grafted melon transplants were compared to melon grafted on itself or melon grafted on pumpkin rootstock. The transplants were grown in hydroponic solutions containing either normal nutrient concentrations or nutrient solutions containing NaCl at a concentration of 100 mM. The results show that transplant growth was inhibited under salinity and that there were differences in the response of the three transplant groups to salinity stress with the self grafted melons being the most tolerant to salinity. Application of either ascorbic acid or ABA, Silver thiosulphate (STS) (ethylene action blocker) or aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) (ethylene biosynthesis blocker) to the root medium, protected against the growth inhibition caused by high salinity and also protected against growth inhibition caused by application of high ethephon concentration to the roots. Salinity increased oxidative stress in the roots but ABA, STS and ascorbic acid treatments reduced oxidative stress associated with salinity stress. Finally, we demonstrate that melon self grafting (melon/melon) was superior to non grafted melon as well as to melon grafted on pumpkin rootstock under control as well as under salinity conditions. The possible mechanisms of ethylene and ABA effects are discussed.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2010
Summary In order to understand the mechanism(s) of pre-conditioning (PC) by increased levels of s... more Summary In order to understand the mechanism(s) of pre-conditioning (PC) by increased levels of salinity that enhance transplant establishment in the field, we studied the possible roles of ethylene and oxidative stress in transplants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during PC by saline treatments. Prior to transplanting, transplants were fed hydroponically for 6 d with a normal nutrient solution, or solutions containing various concentrations of NaCl, ethephon, or silver thiosulphate (STS), or various combinations of these chemicals. The transplants were then transferred to normal nutrient solution for 10 d to recover. Addition of up to 75 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution decreased root elongation slightly and significantly increased lateral root (LR) formation during PC, but enhanced the subsequent recovery of roots and shoots. All the salinity treatments inhibited root ethylene production. However, the application of 20 mg l–1 ethephon to the roots during PC increased ethylene concentrations, inhibited root elongation, increased LR formation, and stimulated subsequent root growth.An enhancement of root growth during recovery was also observed when 75 mM NaCl plus 20 mg l–1 ethephon was applied to the root system during PC. The ethylene blocker, STS, enhanced root elongation during PC, and acted synergistically with NaCl in enhancing subsequent root growth. As PC treatments, NaCl or ethephon both increased root malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations, and increased root peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities; but, if NaCl or ethephon were combined with STS, the extent of these increases was diminished. Application of ≤ 1 mM H2O2 at PC increased subsequent root and shoot growth in seedlings, but higher H2O2 concentrations were inhibitory. These results suggest that subsequent root growth upon recovery from transplantation benefits from PC applications of NaCl or ethephon and this might be due the enhancement of LR initiation during PC by these treatments, possibly through the signalling role of H2O2. STS alleviates oxidative stress in the root by inhibiting the action of ethylene and decreasing ethylene sensitivity, thereby promoting root recovery. These morphological and biochemical changes may explain the beneficial effect of PC on transplant development under field conditions.
Abstract (English) In this study, 18 melon cultivars which belong to 3 different botanical variet... more Abstract (English) In this study, 18 melon cultivars which belong to 3 different botanical varieties (var. inodorus, var. reticulatus and var. cantalupensis) of Cucumis melon were tested in order to investigate genotypes effect on haploid embryos induction by pollination with pollens irradiated with Co60 gamma ray. Embryos were obtained from gamma ray. Embryos were obtained from 14 genotypes belong to 3 different botanical varieties and these embryos were regenerated into plantlets using in vitro embryo rescue method
The genetic relationships among 14 Turkish pepper (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes, 6 of them inbred... more The genetic relationships among 14 Turkish pepper (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes, 6 of them inbred lines, were determined by comparing their molecular traits. The taxonomic relationships and genetic variation among these genotypes were investigated with those of 5 foreign pepper genotypes. Fifty-six (26%) polymorphic AFLP markers out of total 215 DNA fragments from 4 primer pairs were used to define the genetic similarity among the pepper genotypes by dendrograms or two and three dimensional scaling. Two genotype-specific markers for the genotype PM-702 were among the polymorphic ones. The inbred lines ofAlata Agricultural Research Institution were partitioned to similar clusters and constituted extremely low genetic variation. On the other hand, other local Turkish genotypes had comparatively higher genetic diversity. Key words: Capsicum annuum, AFLP, Genetic diversity.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 2019
In this study, tomato plant, which is among the most grown vegetables in our country, was chosen ... more In this study, tomato plant, which is among the most grown vegetables in our country, was chosen as the subject of the research. In the production of tomato, Çukurova region has an increasing production potential in recent years. Therefore, Çukurova region was chosen as the study area. In this study, the long-term temperature and rainfall values of the provinces in the research area constituted the material of the study. Growing Degree-Day (GDD) method was used in the study. The base temperatures were selected for the developmental stages of the tomato plant. GDD values were calculated according to the base temperature values of tomato plant in the developmental periods. The calculated values were examined and the suitability of the provinces in the research area was determined. In line with this information, it was concluded that the province of Mersin stands out. Predetermination of crop production areas and production according to these areas will affect the yield positively. The...
Harvested bunch tomatoes are sensitive to fruit abscission and desiccation of calyxes, which limi... more Harvested bunch tomatoes are sensitive to fruit abscission and desiccation of calyxes, which limit product marketability. Our investigation showed that tomato fruit bunches when submitted to a combination of temperature, aqueous solutions and storage time, fruit abscission, and calyx desiccation can be prevented. The loss of fruit weight, the force required to separate the fruit from the calyxes, the respiration rate and ethylene production of the calyxes, the color of the calyxes, and the wilting and desiccation of the calyxes were measured. These results demonstrated that treatment of bunches with supplemented mineral water delays fruit abscission and calyx desiccation and improves the fresh appearance of calyxes during storage.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2006
Résumé/Abstract Blossom-end rot (BER) in pepper fruits is known as a" physiological&... more Résumé/Abstract Blossom-end rot (BER) in pepper fruits is known as a" physiological" disease which is evoked by climatic and osmotic stresses (eg, high temperatures and salinity) and by deficit irrigation management. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in the stimulation of BER are still a matter of dispute. It has been proposed that BER occurs under cultivation conditions that accelerate fruit growth beyond calcium supply to the growing tissue. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis ...
Grafting has been used in agriculture for over 2000 years. Disease resistance and environmental t... more Grafting has been used in agriculture for over 2000 years. Disease resistance and environmental tolerance are highly beneficial traits that can be provided through use of grafting, although the mechanisms, in particular for resistance, have frequently been unknown. As information emerges that describes plant disease resistance mechanisms, the proteins, and nucleic acids that play a critical role in disease management can be expressed in genetically engineered (GE) plant lines. Utilizing transgrafting, the combination of a GE rootstock with a wild-type (WT) scion, or the reverse, has the potential to provide pest and pathogen resistance, impart biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, or increase plant vigor and productivity. Of central importance to these potential benefits is the question of to what extent nucleic acids and proteins are transmitted across a graft junction and whether the movement of these molecules will affect the efficacy of the transgrafting approach. Using a variety...
Pretty or Sweet The grocery-store tomato that looks beautiful but tastes like tart cardboard aris... more Pretty or Sweet The grocery-store tomato that looks beautiful but tastes like tart cardboard arises from selection processes favoring phenotypes that make commercial production more reliable. Significant in that selection process was a mutation that reduced the mottled color variations of unripe green tomatoes, leaving them a uniform, pale, green. Powell et al. (p. 1711 ) analyzed the molecular biology of the mutation. The uniform ripening mutation turns out to disable a transcription factor called Golden 2-like ( GLK2 ). GLK2 expression increases the fruit's photosynthetic capacity, resulting in higher sugar content.
ABSTRACT Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can occur both in field and greenhouse, they cause ... more ABSTRACT Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can occur both in field and greenhouse, they cause negative effects on plant production. Therefore, breeding studies for tolerance to stress conditions are very important. In this study, the stomatal and leaf characteristics of 14 hybrid genotypes, resistant to race 0 and 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, eight parental dihaploid inbred lines and seven original diploid melon lines, from which inbred lines were developed, were investigated under saline conditions. Experiment was established in hydroponic culture. 200 mM NaCl was applied to plants, by comparing with control. Control and NaCI treated plants were compared as regard to some leaf (leaf area, leaf width and leaf length) and some stomata (number of stomata in unit area, stomata diameter and stomata length) characteristics. The results revealed that in saline condition, number of stomata in unit area increased; however, size of stomata decreased. Also leaf area, width and length were decreased when compared to control.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2008
Summary Success in grafting depends on the identification of a compatible rootstock (RS) that pro... more Summary Success in grafting depends on the identification of a compatible rootstock (RS) that promotes rapid formation of vascular connections between the RS and the scion, and rapid resumption of root and shoot growth. In this study, we used compatible and incompatible Cucurbita rootstocks, with a melon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Arava’) scion, to identify physiological and biochemical factors in the scion-RS interface that could be associated with graft compatibility. Anatomical characterisation of the grafting interface showed that the regeneration and differentiation of vascular elements was similar, at first, in both compatible and incompatible grafted seedlings although, in the latter, a protective layer was formed, but did not interfere with communication between the RS and the scion. Water uptake and sugar distribution between the plant canopy and the roots, measured 14 d after grafting (DAG) were not correlated with compatibility or incompatibility. At 24 DAG, both water uptake and root sugar concentrations decreased significantly in the incompatible RS, reflecting deterioration of the RS. At 24 DAG, part of the RS collapsed, but only in incompatible grafted seedlings. Histochemical staining revealed that superoxide, H2O2, peroxidase (POX) activity, and lignin deposits at the scion-rootstock interface were similar in both compatible and incompatible grafting combinations at 14 DAG; but, at 24 DAG, H2O2 and superoxide levels were higher in the incompatible grafted transplants. In addition, cell-wall POX and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were lower in the incompatible RS-scion interface at 14 and 24 DAG. These results suggest that a physical barrier is unlikely to be formed between the incompatible partners early after grafting, but that lower anti-oxidant enzyme activities and higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the incompatible RS-scion interface may be responsible for degradation of the grafting zone.
The soilless culture of vegetables in greenhouse has increased in Turkey. In recent years, bunch ... more The soilless culture of vegetables in greenhouse has increased in Turkey. In recent years, bunch tomato has grown in soilless culture. However, bacterial can-cer, virus (TMV, TYLVC) andTutaabsulta are limited tomato growing soilless culture as well. For this reason, others vegetables such as eggplant and pepper can be alternative crop for soilless culture. The aim of the research is determination of growing media such as cocopeat, split mushroom compost, perlite, volcanic tuff and sawdust on yield and fruit quality of eggplant. Our results suggest that mush-room compost and cocopeat media improve eggplant fruit quality more than other growing media. Key words: Solanum melongena, substrate culture, fruit quality
The aim of the study, determining of grafting could improve the agronomic behaviour of pepper (Ca... more The aim of the study, determining of grafting could improve the agronomic behaviour of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), an open field experiment was carried out to determine growth, yield and fruit quality of long type pepper hybrid cultivar (ʻEfilʼ). As a scion plant material was used ʻEfil F1ʼ and rootstock ʻGuclu F1ʼ. ʻEfil/Efilʼ (ʻScion/Scionʼ), ʻEfil/Gucluʼ (ʻScion/Rootstockʼ) and non-grafted ʻEfilʼ (ʻSiconʼ) were used as the grafted combination. According to experiment, grafted plants were taller than control (non-grafted). Total yield, fruit number, fruit flesh firmness, fruit weight and stem diameter were influenced by rootstock and grafting. Grafted pepper produced 16% more yield than control plants for 'Efil/Guclu'. A similar trend was also observed on 'Efil/Efil'. The lowest yield recorded on ʻEfilʼ (nongrafted).
Water is crucial for agriculture and needs to be used effectively due to climate change and droug... more Water is crucial for agriculture and needs to be used effectively due to climate change and drought in the Mediterranean region. For this reason, to adapt to water deficit scenarios, deficit irrigation applications are increasing in importance. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of varying levels of irrigation on growth parameters and concentration of nutrients in tomato plants grown under greenhouse conditions. The irrigation schedule used in this study was designed to include 100% (control), 90%, 80% and 70% of evaporation from the class-A pan. Water deficit was found to cause a stress effect in tomato plants, which was reflected in changes in the physiological function plants, such as flowering and early ripening. In addition, the SPAD values were examined, for which the lowest value of the green color intensity of the leaves was 47.3 (I3) and the highest was 48.7 (I4). However, the results of statistical analyses show that the difference was not significant. We...
Bu çalışmada; anaç adayı olabilecek bazı kabak ve kavun türleri üzerine Beith Alfa tipi hıyar aşı... more Bu çalışmada; anaç adayı olabilecek bazı kabak ve kavun türleri üzerine Beith Alfa tipi hıyar aşılanmasıyla bu kombinasyonlardan elde edilen aşılı hıyarların bitki büyümesi, verim ve kalite üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada; Lagenaria siceraria, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moshata, Luffa cylindrica, Cucumis melo var. dudaim ve ticari olarak daha çok karpuz için kullanılan TZ148 F1 anaç olarak, kalem olarak da Bereket F1 hıyar çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubu olarak aşısız ve kendi üzerine aşılı bitkiler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, bitki boyu bakımından en yüksek değeri TZ 148 F1 anacı üzerine aşılı hıyar bitkisinden elde edilirken, yine erkenci verimde en yüksek değer TZ 148 F1 anaçlarından elde edilmiştir. Toplam verimde aşısız (kontrol) grubu, kendi üzerine aşılı (Bereket F1/ Bereket F1) ve TZ 148 F1 üzerine aşılı olan kombinasyonların verimleri daha yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonunda uygun anaç kombinasyonunun belirlenmesi ile denemede kullanılan hıyar yetiştiriciliğinde bitki büyümesi, verim ve kalite üzerine olumlu etki gösterdiği, aşılı fide kullanımında seçilen anaçların önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. .
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2006
Résumé/Abstract The aim of the present research was to study changes in the major anti-oxidative ... more Résumé/Abstract The aim of the present research was to study changes in the major anti-oxidative enzyme activities known to be associated with the apoplast, during the induction of blossom-end rot (BER) in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits grown under saline conditions. Pepper plants of the BER-sensitive cv.'Mazurka'and less-sensitive cv.'Selica'were grown under control, low-and high-salinity irrigation regimes. Fruits were harvested continuously and, after approx. 7 months under these conditions, BER ...
Production of vegetables starting with grafted seedlings is common in many countries with documen... more Production of vegetables starting with grafted seedlings is common in many countries with documented advantages over non-grafted seedlings, such as improved disease resistance and enhanced abiotic stress tolerance/resistance. However, the involvement of hormonal effects in the responses of grafted seedlings to abiotic stresses is not clear yet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ABA and of anti ethylene agents STS and AVG and ascorbic acid (as an anti-oxidant) on the performance of melon/pumpkin grafted transplants under salinity condition. Non-grafted melon transplants were compared to melon grafted on itself or melon grafted on pumpkin rootstock. The transplants were grown in hydroponic solutions containing either normal nutrient concentrations or nutrient solutions containing NaCl at a concentration of 100 mM. The results show that transplant growth was inhibited under salinity and that there were differences in the response of the three transplant groups to salinity stress with the self grafted melons being the most tolerant to salinity. Application of either ascorbic acid or ABA, Silver thiosulphate (STS) (ethylene action blocker) or aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) (ethylene biosynthesis blocker) to the root medium, protected against the growth inhibition caused by high salinity and also protected against growth inhibition caused by application of high ethephon concentration to the roots. Salinity increased oxidative stress in the roots but ABA, STS and ascorbic acid treatments reduced oxidative stress associated with salinity stress. Finally, we demonstrate that melon self grafting (melon/melon) was superior to non grafted melon as well as to melon grafted on pumpkin rootstock under control as well as under salinity conditions. The possible mechanisms of ethylene and ABA effects are discussed.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2010
Summary In order to understand the mechanism(s) of pre-conditioning (PC) by increased levels of s... more Summary In order to understand the mechanism(s) of pre-conditioning (PC) by increased levels of salinity that enhance transplant establishment in the field, we studied the possible roles of ethylene and oxidative stress in transplants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during PC by saline treatments. Prior to transplanting, transplants were fed hydroponically for 6 d with a normal nutrient solution, or solutions containing various concentrations of NaCl, ethephon, or silver thiosulphate (STS), or various combinations of these chemicals. The transplants were then transferred to normal nutrient solution for 10 d to recover. Addition of up to 75 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution decreased root elongation slightly and significantly increased lateral root (LR) formation during PC, but enhanced the subsequent recovery of roots and shoots. All the salinity treatments inhibited root ethylene production. However, the application of 20 mg l–1 ethephon to the roots during PC increased ethylene concentrations, inhibited root elongation, increased LR formation, and stimulated subsequent root growth.An enhancement of root growth during recovery was also observed when 75 mM NaCl plus 20 mg l–1 ethephon was applied to the root system during PC. The ethylene blocker, STS, enhanced root elongation during PC, and acted synergistically with NaCl in enhancing subsequent root growth. As PC treatments, NaCl or ethephon both increased root malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations, and increased root peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities; but, if NaCl or ethephon were combined with STS, the extent of these increases was diminished. Application of ≤ 1 mM H2O2 at PC increased subsequent root and shoot growth in seedlings, but higher H2O2 concentrations were inhibitory. These results suggest that subsequent root growth upon recovery from transplantation benefits from PC applications of NaCl or ethephon and this might be due the enhancement of LR initiation during PC by these treatments, possibly through the signalling role of H2O2. STS alleviates oxidative stress in the root by inhibiting the action of ethylene and decreasing ethylene sensitivity, thereby promoting root recovery. These morphological and biochemical changes may explain the beneficial effect of PC on transplant development under field conditions.
Abstract (English) In this study, 18 melon cultivars which belong to 3 different botanical variet... more Abstract (English) In this study, 18 melon cultivars which belong to 3 different botanical varieties (var. inodorus, var. reticulatus and var. cantalupensis) of Cucumis melon were tested in order to investigate genotypes effect on haploid embryos induction by pollination with pollens irradiated with Co60 gamma ray. Embryos were obtained from gamma ray. Embryos were obtained from 14 genotypes belong to 3 different botanical varieties and these embryos were regenerated into plantlets using in vitro embryo rescue method
The genetic relationships among 14 Turkish pepper (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes, 6 of them inbred... more The genetic relationships among 14 Turkish pepper (Capsicum annuum L) genotypes, 6 of them inbred lines, were determined by comparing their molecular traits. The taxonomic relationships and genetic variation among these genotypes were investigated with those of 5 foreign pepper genotypes. Fifty-six (26%) polymorphic AFLP markers out of total 215 DNA fragments from 4 primer pairs were used to define the genetic similarity among the pepper genotypes by dendrograms or two and three dimensional scaling. Two genotype-specific markers for the genotype PM-702 were among the polymorphic ones. The inbred lines ofAlata Agricultural Research Institution were partitioned to similar clusters and constituted extremely low genetic variation. On the other hand, other local Turkish genotypes had comparatively higher genetic diversity. Key words: Capsicum annuum, AFLP, Genetic diversity.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 2019
In this study, tomato plant, which is among the most grown vegetables in our country, was chosen ... more In this study, tomato plant, which is among the most grown vegetables in our country, was chosen as the subject of the research. In the production of tomato, Çukurova region has an increasing production potential in recent years. Therefore, Çukurova region was chosen as the study area. In this study, the long-term temperature and rainfall values of the provinces in the research area constituted the material of the study. Growing Degree-Day (GDD) method was used in the study. The base temperatures were selected for the developmental stages of the tomato plant. GDD values were calculated according to the base temperature values of tomato plant in the developmental periods. The calculated values were examined and the suitability of the provinces in the research area was determined. In line with this information, it was concluded that the province of Mersin stands out. Predetermination of crop production areas and production according to these areas will affect the yield positively. The...
Harvested bunch tomatoes are sensitive to fruit abscission and desiccation of calyxes, which limi... more Harvested bunch tomatoes are sensitive to fruit abscission and desiccation of calyxes, which limit product marketability. Our investigation showed that tomato fruit bunches when submitted to a combination of temperature, aqueous solutions and storage time, fruit abscission, and calyx desiccation can be prevented. The loss of fruit weight, the force required to separate the fruit from the calyxes, the respiration rate and ethylene production of the calyxes, the color of the calyxes, and the wilting and desiccation of the calyxes were measured. These results demonstrated that treatment of bunches with supplemented mineral water delays fruit abscission and calyx desiccation and improves the fresh appearance of calyxes during storage.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2006
Résumé/Abstract Blossom-end rot (BER) in pepper fruits is known as a" physiological&... more Résumé/Abstract Blossom-end rot (BER) in pepper fruits is known as a" physiological" disease which is evoked by climatic and osmotic stresses (eg, high temperatures and salinity) and by deficit irrigation management. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in the stimulation of BER are still a matter of dispute. It has been proposed that BER occurs under cultivation conditions that accelerate fruit growth beyond calcium supply to the growing tissue. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis ...
Grafting has been used in agriculture for over 2000 years. Disease resistance and environmental t... more Grafting has been used in agriculture for over 2000 years. Disease resistance and environmental tolerance are highly beneficial traits that can be provided through use of grafting, although the mechanisms, in particular for resistance, have frequently been unknown. As information emerges that describes plant disease resistance mechanisms, the proteins, and nucleic acids that play a critical role in disease management can be expressed in genetically engineered (GE) plant lines. Utilizing transgrafting, the combination of a GE rootstock with a wild-type (WT) scion, or the reverse, has the potential to provide pest and pathogen resistance, impart biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, or increase plant vigor and productivity. Of central importance to these potential benefits is the question of to what extent nucleic acids and proteins are transmitted across a graft junction and whether the movement of these molecules will affect the efficacy of the transgrafting approach. Using a variety...
Pretty or Sweet The grocery-store tomato that looks beautiful but tastes like tart cardboard aris... more Pretty or Sweet The grocery-store tomato that looks beautiful but tastes like tart cardboard arises from selection processes favoring phenotypes that make commercial production more reliable. Significant in that selection process was a mutation that reduced the mottled color variations of unripe green tomatoes, leaving them a uniform, pale, green. Powell et al. (p. 1711 ) analyzed the molecular biology of the mutation. The uniform ripening mutation turns out to disable a transcription factor called Golden 2-like ( GLK2 ). GLK2 expression increases the fruit's photosynthetic capacity, resulting in higher sugar content.
ABSTRACT Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can occur both in field and greenhouse, they cause ... more ABSTRACT Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can occur both in field and greenhouse, they cause negative effects on plant production. Therefore, breeding studies for tolerance to stress conditions are very important. In this study, the stomatal and leaf characteristics of 14 hybrid genotypes, resistant to race 0 and 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, eight parental dihaploid inbred lines and seven original diploid melon lines, from which inbred lines were developed, were investigated under saline conditions. Experiment was established in hydroponic culture. 200 mM NaCl was applied to plants, by comparing with control. Control and NaCI treated plants were compared as regard to some leaf (leaf area, leaf width and leaf length) and some stomata (number of stomata in unit area, stomata diameter and stomata length) characteristics. The results revealed that in saline condition, number of stomata in unit area increased; however, size of stomata decreased. Also leaf area, width and length were decreased when compared to control.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2008
Summary Success in grafting depends on the identification of a compatible rootstock (RS) that pro... more Summary Success in grafting depends on the identification of a compatible rootstock (RS) that promotes rapid formation of vascular connections between the RS and the scion, and rapid resumption of root and shoot growth. In this study, we used compatible and incompatible Cucurbita rootstocks, with a melon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Arava’) scion, to identify physiological and biochemical factors in the scion-RS interface that could be associated with graft compatibility. Anatomical characterisation of the grafting interface showed that the regeneration and differentiation of vascular elements was similar, at first, in both compatible and incompatible grafted seedlings although, in the latter, a protective layer was formed, but did not interfere with communication between the RS and the scion. Water uptake and sugar distribution between the plant canopy and the roots, measured 14 d after grafting (DAG) were not correlated with compatibility or incompatibility. At 24 DAG, both water uptake and root sugar concentrations decreased significantly in the incompatible RS, reflecting deterioration of the RS. At 24 DAG, part of the RS collapsed, but only in incompatible grafted seedlings. Histochemical staining revealed that superoxide, H2O2, peroxidase (POX) activity, and lignin deposits at the scion-rootstock interface were similar in both compatible and incompatible grafting combinations at 14 DAG; but, at 24 DAG, H2O2 and superoxide levels were higher in the incompatible grafted transplants. In addition, cell-wall POX and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were lower in the incompatible RS-scion interface at 14 and 24 DAG. These results suggest that a physical barrier is unlikely to be formed between the incompatible partners early after grafting, but that lower anti-oxidant enzyme activities and higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the incompatible RS-scion interface may be responsible for degradation of the grafting zone.
The soilless culture of vegetables in greenhouse has increased in Turkey. In recent years, bunch ... more The soilless culture of vegetables in greenhouse has increased in Turkey. In recent years, bunch tomato has grown in soilless culture. However, bacterial can-cer, virus (TMV, TYLVC) andTutaabsulta are limited tomato growing soilless culture as well. For this reason, others vegetables such as eggplant and pepper can be alternative crop for soilless culture. The aim of the research is determination of growing media such as cocopeat, split mushroom compost, perlite, volcanic tuff and sawdust on yield and fruit quality of eggplant. Our results suggest that mush-room compost and cocopeat media improve eggplant fruit quality more than other growing media. Key words: Solanum melongena, substrate culture, fruit quality
The aim of the study, determining of grafting could improve the agronomic behaviour of pepper (Ca... more The aim of the study, determining of grafting could improve the agronomic behaviour of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), an open field experiment was carried out to determine growth, yield and fruit quality of long type pepper hybrid cultivar (ʻEfilʼ). As a scion plant material was used ʻEfil F1ʼ and rootstock ʻGuclu F1ʼ. ʻEfil/Efilʼ (ʻScion/Scionʼ), ʻEfil/Gucluʼ (ʻScion/Rootstockʼ) and non-grafted ʻEfilʼ (ʻSiconʼ) were used as the grafted combination. According to experiment, grafted plants were taller than control (non-grafted). Total yield, fruit number, fruit flesh firmness, fruit weight and stem diameter were influenced by rootstock and grafting. Grafted pepper produced 16% more yield than control plants for 'Efil/Guclu'. A similar trend was also observed on 'Efil/Efil'. The lowest yield recorded on ʻEfilʼ (nongrafted).
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