Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Coniocessia (Xylariales) Bit... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Coniocessia (Xylariales) Bita Asgari & Rasoul Zare Received: 18 March 2010 /Revised: 25 May 2010 /Accepted: 16 June 2010 /Published online: 4 July ...
Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandi... more Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandii are distinct species. The latter species is validated here as Coniolariella macrothecia. A key to the five species of the genus is provided.
Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandi... more Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandii are distinct species. The latter species is validated here as Coniolariella macrothecia. A key to the five species of the genus is provided.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium aphanocladii . Information is included on the disease... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium aphanocladii . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Mainly fungicolous: cobweb and spotting in cultivated Agaricus (NAIR et al. , 1980; CHEN et al. , 1984; BHARDWAJ et al. , 1991; GROGAN, 2000), parasitizing uredospores and inducing teliospore formation in rust fungi (BIALI et al. , 1972; FORRER, 1977; KOÇ & DÉFAGO, 1983; SRIVASTAVA et al. , 1985 b ; VOLKER & BOYLE, 1994) and parasitizing powdery mildew ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea , HEIJWEGEN, 1988), but also entomogenous (see below). HOSTS: FUNGI: Agaricus bisporus and A. bitorquis, Sphaerotheca fuliginea and S. pannosa (VERHAAR et al. , 1999), Puccinia spp. (VOLKER & BOYLE, 1994). INSECTA: Mosquito larvae (LÓPEZ-LASTRA et al. , 1992, 2002); Bombyx mori (PATIL et al. , 1994), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (ENCHEVA, 1979). Also reported from leaf litter of Abelmoschus esculentus and Acacia karroo . GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium dimorphum . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium dimorphum . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Occurs mainly on the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (CHEN et al. , 1985). It is not a serious fungal pathogen. HOSTS: Agaricus bisporus and Puccinia coronata ; leaf litter of Acer saccharum ; also isolated from soil. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA. ASIA: China, Iran, Israel. EUROPE: Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium longisporum . Information is included on the disease ... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium longisporum . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Insect-pathogenic. HOSTS: Icerya purchasi ( Coccidae ), citrus aphids, Myzus persicae and Macrosiphoniella sanborni ( Aphididae ) (HALL, 1984). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: SOUTH AMERICA: Peru. ASIA: Sri Lanka. EUROPE: Great Britain. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Pochonia chlamydosporia . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Pochonia chlamydosporia . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Var. chlamydosporia is parasitic on cysts and eggs of the nematodes, and also ovicidal to Ascaris lumbricoides . Var. catenulata ( Cordyceps sp.) was also isolated from a coleopteran larva (ZARE et al. , 2001). HOSTS: INSECTA: Aphididae: Pentalonia (MATHEW et al. , 1998); var. catenulata also Coleoptera larvae (BIDOCHKA et al. , 1999). NEMATODA: cysts of Heterodera spp. (BURSNALL & TRIBE, 1974; WILLCOX & TRIBE, 1974; MORGAN-JONES et al. , 1981; GODOY et al. , 1982; GINTIS et al. , 1983; DACKMAN & NORDBRING-HERTZ, 1985; DACKMAN et al. , 1989; DACKMAN & BÅÅTH, 1989), galls of Meloidogyne spp. (LEIJ et al. , 1993; KERRY et al. , 1993, 1995; KERRY & EVANS, 1996), more rarely Globodera spp. (SAIFULLAH, 1996a, b ) and eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (LYSEK & KRAJCI, 1987; LYSEK & STERBA, 1991). MOLLUSCA: snail and slug eggs (ZARE et al. , 2001). OOMYCOTA: oospores of Phytophthora (SNEH et al. , 1977; SUTHERLAND & PAPAVIZAS, 1991). FUNGI: antifungal activity of filtrates against Puccinia (LEINHOS & BUCHENAUER, 1992). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Both varieties are cosmopolitan; the teleomorph is only known from tropical countries. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium muscarium . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium muscarium . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts.
In recent years, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants in the no... more In recent years, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants in the north of Iran have exhibited symptoms resembling Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease. This study was initiated to elucidate the taxonomy and pathogenicity of cercosporoid taxa associated with leaf spot diseases of these two legume crops in Iran. A total of 138 samples with CLS symptoms were collected from cultivated common bean and cowpea species in northern Iran and subjected to microscopic examination, resulting in identification of 98 Cercospora and 59 Pseudocercospora samples. A six‐locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS, actA, tef1, gapdh, his3, and cmdA) coupled with examination of the morphology of 42 representative isolates from these samples confirmed that several cercosporoid fungi occur on common bean and cowpea in Iran. Five Cercospora species (C. iranica, C. cf. flagellaris, Cercospora sp. G, Cercospora sp. T, and C. vignigena) and two Pseudocercospora species (P. griseola f. griseola and P. cf. cruenta) were found; of these, C. cf. flagellaris was the dominant species, occurring on both common bean and cowpea. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that all seven species could infect leaves of common bean and/or cowpea. This is the first report of C. iranica, Cercospora sp. G, and Cercospora sp. T associated with common bean and/or cowpea in the world. In addition, C. vignigena was recorded for the first time in Iran. Results achieved in this study will assist strategies for the management of CLS disease of common bean and cowpea.
Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Coniocessia (Xylariales) Bit... more Page 1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Coniocessia (Xylariales) Bita Asgari & Rasoul Zare Received: 18 March 2010 /Revised: 25 May 2010 /Accepted: 16 June 2010 /Published online: 4 July ...
Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandi... more Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandii are distinct species. The latter species is validated here as Coniolariella macrothecia. A key to the five species of the genus is provided.
Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandi... more Morphological and molecular analyses demonstrate that Coniolariella gamsii and Coniolaria murandii are distinct species. The latter species is validated here as Coniolariella macrothecia. A key to the five species of the genus is provided.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium aphanocladii . Information is included on the disease... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium aphanocladii . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Mainly fungicolous: cobweb and spotting in cultivated Agaricus (NAIR et al. , 1980; CHEN et al. , 1984; BHARDWAJ et al. , 1991; GROGAN, 2000), parasitizing uredospores and inducing teliospore formation in rust fungi (BIALI et al. , 1972; FORRER, 1977; KOÇ & DÉFAGO, 1983; SRIVASTAVA et al. , 1985 b ; VOLKER & BOYLE, 1994) and parasitizing powdery mildew ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea , HEIJWEGEN, 1988), but also entomogenous (see below). HOSTS: FUNGI: Agaricus bisporus and A. bitorquis, Sphaerotheca fuliginea and S. pannosa (VERHAAR et al. , 1999), Puccinia spp. (VOLKER & BOYLE, 1994). INSECTA: Mosquito larvae (LÓPEZ-LASTRA et al. , 1992, 2002); Bombyx mori (PATIL et al. , 1994), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (ENCHEVA, 1979). Also reported from leaf litter of Abelmoschus esculentus and Acacia karroo . GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium dimorphum . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium dimorphum . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Occurs mainly on the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (CHEN et al. , 1985). It is not a serious fungal pathogen. HOSTS: Agaricus bisporus and Puccinia coronata ; leaf litter of Acer saccharum ; also isolated from soil. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA. ASIA: China, Iran, Israel. EUROPE: Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium longisporum . Information is included on the disease ... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium longisporum . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Insect-pathogenic. HOSTS: Icerya purchasi ( Coccidae ), citrus aphids, Myzus persicae and Macrosiphoniella sanborni ( Aphididae ) (HALL, 1984). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: SOUTH AMERICA: Peru. ASIA: Sri Lanka. EUROPE: Great Britain. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Pochonia chlamydosporia . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Pochonia chlamydosporia . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Var. chlamydosporia is parasitic on cysts and eggs of the nematodes, and also ovicidal to Ascaris lumbricoides . Var. catenulata ( Cordyceps sp.) was also isolated from a coleopteran larva (ZARE et al. , 2001). HOSTS: INSECTA: Aphididae: Pentalonia (MATHEW et al. , 1998); var. catenulata also Coleoptera larvae (BIDOCHKA et al. , 1999). NEMATODA: cysts of Heterodera spp. (BURSNALL & TRIBE, 1974; WILLCOX & TRIBE, 1974; MORGAN-JONES et al. , 1981; GODOY et al. , 1982; GINTIS et al. , 1983; DACKMAN & NORDBRING-HERTZ, 1985; DACKMAN et al. , 1989; DACKMAN & BÅÅTH, 1989), galls of Meloidogyne spp. (LEIJ et al. , 1993; KERRY et al. , 1993, 1995; KERRY & EVANS, 1996), more rarely Globodera spp. (SAIFULLAH, 1996a, b ) and eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (LYSEK & KRAJCI, 1987; LYSEK & STERBA, 1991). MOLLUSCA: snail and slug eggs (ZARE et al. , 2001). OOMYCOTA: oospores of Phytophthora (SNEH et al. , 1977; SUTHERLAND & PAPAVIZAS, 1991). FUNGI: antifungal activity of filtrates against Puccinia (LEINHOS & BUCHENAUER, 1992). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Both varieties are cosmopolitan; the teleomorph is only known from tropical countries. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
A description is provided for Lecanicillium muscarium . Information is included on the disease ca... more A description is provided for Lecanicillium muscarium . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts.
In recent years, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants in the no... more In recent years, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants in the north of Iran have exhibited symptoms resembling Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease. This study was initiated to elucidate the taxonomy and pathogenicity of cercosporoid taxa associated with leaf spot diseases of these two legume crops in Iran. A total of 138 samples with CLS symptoms were collected from cultivated common bean and cowpea species in northern Iran and subjected to microscopic examination, resulting in identification of 98 Cercospora and 59 Pseudocercospora samples. A six‐locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS, actA, tef1, gapdh, his3, and cmdA) coupled with examination of the morphology of 42 representative isolates from these samples confirmed that several cercosporoid fungi occur on common bean and cowpea in Iran. Five Cercospora species (C. iranica, C. cf. flagellaris, Cercospora sp. G, Cercospora sp. T, and C. vignigena) and two Pseudocercospora species (P. griseola f. griseola and P. cf. cruenta) were found; of these, C. cf. flagellaris was the dominant species, occurring on both common bean and cowpea. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that all seven species could infect leaves of common bean and/or cowpea. This is the first report of C. iranica, Cercospora sp. G, and Cercospora sp. T associated with common bean and/or cowpea in the world. In addition, C. vignigena was recorded for the first time in Iran. Results achieved in this study will assist strategies for the management of CLS disease of common bean and cowpea.
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