Aim: To find out the frequency of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in women with recurrent fetal loss S... more Aim: To find out the frequency of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in women with recurrent fetal loss Study design & duration: One year descriptive study Methods: Seventy five females were included in the study with ages ranging from 20-40 years with minimum two miscarriages. Diabetic females and females with history of bacterial or viral diseases were excluded from the study. Results: In this group the mean age was 27.60±3.29 years. Mean number of fetal losses was 2.95±1.45 whereas mean duration of marriage was 5.79±4.11 years. Conclusion: It is suggested that the patient with history of recurrent miscarriages must be screened for Anticardiolipin Antibodies to bring them out of psychological and physical trauma. Keywords: Anticardiolipin Antibodies (aCL), Recurrent fetal loss (RFL), aPTT
Objectives: To determine the effects of caffeine consumption on the sleep habits and lifestyle of... more Objectives: To determine the effects of caffeine consumption on the sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU) and Hamdard College of Medicine. On 422 undergraduate students aged 18-25 years, through random sampling. The duration of the study was from January 2019 to June 2019. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaire which included data regarding sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Results: Majority (81.6%) of the students consumed caffeine while only (18.4%) did not. One third of the participants (31.8%) reported caffeine consumption increased their academic performance and (57.3%) reported that it does not. More than half of the participants (63.3%) who consumed caffeine slept during class, whereas (47.2%) never had difficulty in falling asleep during the night. Conclusion: This research concluded that caffeine does have some role on sleep habits of medi...
Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2018
Objective To assess the frequency of steroid-induced hyperglycemia in patients taking systemic st... more Objective To assess the frequency of steroid-induced hyperglycemia in patients taking systemic steroids (30mg or more of prednisolone or equivalent) for dermatological disorders. Methods We included 150 patients of either sex and with ages between 12 and 70 years in this cross-sectional study, carried out in the department of dermatology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore for a duration of 6 months. Their baseline fasting blood glucose level prior to the start of steroid treatment was recorded. Patients taking 30mg or more of prednisolone (or equivalent) were followed up after one week of treatment and their random blood sugar levels were checked by the same laboratory on venous blood, to see whether they developed hyperglycemia or not after treatment with steroids. Results Mean age of the patients was 41.83±16.42 years. Ninety-four (62.7%) patients were male while 56 (37.3%) were female. Hyperglycemia was found in 28 out of 150 (18.7%) patients. Conclusion Steroid induce hyperglycemia occur...
Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2019
Scabies is a common parasitic infestation in our population which can affect individuals of all a... more Scabies is a common parasitic infestation in our population which can affect individuals of all ages. More than 300 million cases of scabies are reported annually. It is caused by a mite called Sarcoptes Scabiei. Common clinical manifestations include classic burrows, papules, nodules, crusts, excoriations and rarely vesicles and bullae. We report a bullous scabies case of a 60 years old man with more than 3 months history of itchy vesiculobullous lesions, mimicking bullous pemphigoid.
Objective: This study is conducted to compare the risk of thrombo-embolism during different phase... more Objective: This study is conducted to compare the risk of thrombo-embolism during different phases of menstrual cycles. Methodology:105 healthy premenopausal unmarried females of 18 -21 years with a history of previous three normal menstrual cycles and 32 age matched male volunteers were recruited in the study. The phase of menstrual cycle of female volunteers was established by taking menstrual history. Bleeding time was determined by Duke’s method. Results: Bleeding time in 105 females was 73.03±1.89 Seconds and in 32 males was 69.33±4.94 Seconds which were not significantly different statis-tically (p=0.063). Among females, 69 volunteers were in follicular phase of their hormonal cycle. Bleeding time in 29 females in early follicular phase was 70.86±3.38 Seconds and 40 females in late follicular phase was 68.25±4.03 Seconds. Statistically significant difference was not seen (p=0.095) when the two phases were compared. Bleeding time is not found to be reduced in late follicular ph...
Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, 2017
Background of study : Being an Asian country, Pakistan has a high ratio of population infected wi... more Background of study : Being an Asian country, Pakistan has a high ratio of population infected with the HBV. Various studies carried out in Pakistan have clearly showed that medical students do not have sufficient knowledge about blood borne diseases. Health care workers are predisposed to higher risks of contracting HBV as it is transmitted through blood and body fluids and accidental contact with these fluids is inevitable while treating the patients. This risk is even higher amongst medical students during their clinical years as they have inadequate experience and skills and the exposure to contaminated fluids becomes far more likely. Objectives of study: To determine knowledge, attitude & practices regarding vaccination against HBV among MBBS 4 th years students of Nishtar Medical College, Multan. To determine the frequency of 4 th year students vaccinated against HBV Material and Methods : It is a cross sectional study. The sample of study was 167 students. The data was col...
The present study was conducted on evaluating the color preferences of fruit flies and their popu... more The present study was conducted on evaluating the color preferences of fruit flies and their population dynamics in citrus orchards of Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha by installing traps of 11 different colors in three replicates. This research work was done in the year 2016 and 2017 from July to September. It was found from the pooled data of both years that maximum populations of fruit flies (irrespective of species) were attracted to yellow (78.59±16.43 flies/trap/week) and transparent (73.68±14.27 flies/trap/week) colored traps. In the year, 2016, peak population with 5151 flies was observed in the August, however in the year 2017, two peaks were observed in the 3 week of August (1937 flies) and September (1975 flies). The species of fruit flies identified from citrus orchards were Bactrocera zonata and B. dorsalis. B. zonata with occurrence of 89.14%-91.66% was highly dominant in citrus orchard as compared to B. dorsalis with 8.33%-10.85% occurrence. From this experiment it...
2019 International Conference on Green and Human Information Technology (ICGHIT)
Technology has always tried to help mankind. In this age of science and technology, man is trying... more Technology has always tried to help mankind. In this age of science and technology, man is trying to move towards ease and comfort using technology. Technology is being implemented to save money and time both. IoT has changed the way a human thinks. Advancements in ICT and IOT has opened many new research avenues for mankind. Before man thought about how he can become expert in something and provide his services but now man has changed his view and is trying to use technology to do every task without human interference. This research paper provides all the details to implement one of IOT's application and serve humanity. This is all about remote patient monitoring system which is capable enough to measure human body temperature, pulse rate, and blood pressure and send it to the doctor who can access it from anywhere in the world.
The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) has been declared as Pandemic by the Worl... more The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) has been declared as Pandemic by the World Health Organization and now become a global health emergency. Low and Middle income-countries lack standard pharmacy services in terms of staff, education, training, pharmaceutical care, research, and practice. The literature aimed to provide emerging pharmacy services and recommend it to be implemented in low and middle-income countries. Currently, pharmacies were easily accessible sites by the community, a trained staff under the guidance of pharmacist can be helpful for the management of visiting customers. In the surge of disease, pharmacists proved themselves as a frontline defense for the community by significant contribution in identifying, reporting, and managing COVID-19 patients through pharmaceutical care services at the community level, hospital/clinical level, and through Tele-pharmaceutical services.
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus distresses the physiology of the retinal neurons which causes diabetic... more Purpose: Diabetes mellitus distresses the physiology of the retinal neurons which causes diabetic retinopathy with impaired vision, colour vision defect and contrast sensitivity and these are the common causes of legal visual loss in diabetes mellitus. This study determines the major factors which lead to the complications in diabetic patients irrespective of diabetes status. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University Hospital. Methods: A total of two hundred patients were included. Information regarding types of diabetes (T1DM/T2DM), diabetic status (controlled/uncontrolled), Snellen acuity, and color vision and contrast sensitivity was collected from eye OPD along with demographic of patients. Result: Mean age of the patients was 50.23 � 7.89 years. There were 51% males and 49% females. Majority of the patients were married 87%. 60.5% had controlled diabetes while 39.5% uncontrolled diabetes was observed in pat...
Objective: To determine the Lisinopril and Aspirin interaction through their concurrent effect on... more Objective: To determine the Lisinopril and Aspirin interaction through their concurrent effect on bleeding in adult male rabbits. Methods: Twenty four healthy adult male rabbits were used. Bleeding time of each animal was determined by Duke’s Method. They were divided randomly in three groups containing equal number of animals into Control, Aspirin, Lisinopril and Combination groups. After oral administration of the drug(s), the bleeding time of the animals was again determined by same method. Results: Prolongation of bleeding time was significant (p<0.05) in Aspirin and combination groups but insignificant (p>0.05) in Lisinopril group after 1 hour. It was significant (p<0.05) in Aspirin and Lisinopril groups but insignificant (p>0.05) in Combination group after 24 hours. This change was observed after 48 hours too. Conclusion: Concurrent use of Lisinopril reduces the effect of Aspirin on Bleeding after a certain time period.
Increase in incidence of oral cancers associated with tobacco and smokeless tobacco products in S... more Increase in incidence of oral cancers associated with tobacco and smokeless tobacco products in South Asian countries, especially in Pakistan, is creating an alarming situation. Objectives: Study investigated the association of tobacco, smokeless tobacco and alcohol with oral cancer. Methods: A case control design was used. 118 cases of oral cancer were selected from hospital, matched with 354 controls during April to June 2015. Case to control ratio was 1:3. Results: Mean age of cases was 48.91±13.24 years, 77.1% being males and 22.9% females. Most of the participants belonged to low socioeconomic status. The association of pan with oral cancer was very significant (p<0.05, OR= 9.755, 95% CI 5.7-16.5). However, 62/118 cases were non-chewers and developed oral cancer. Pan chewing showed the strongest risk for oral cancer. We also found an increased risk for oral cancer in the consumption of Niswar (p<0.05, OR= 3.941, 95% CI 1.6-9.8), gutka (p<0.05, OR= 4.133, 95% CI 3.5-4.9...
Various Risk factors initiate Submucous fibrosis which may be augmented by NSAIDs. A number of an... more Various Risk factors initiate Submucous fibrosis which may be augmented by NSAIDs. A number of animal studies on their mechanism indirectly support it especially regarding alterations in prostaglandin synthesis. This study has been designed to find association of these drugs with Oral Submucous fibrosis in the presence of risk factors. Newly diagnosed patients of Oral Sub mucous fibrosis were recruited for this study who attended Dental Department of Karachi Medical and Dental College from July 1 till Dec 31, 2013.A structured interview and medical record of each patient was used to determine the demographic profile, any addiction, previous and present illnesses and drug (s) used. Through examination of Oral cavity was carried out to access the severity of disease as per modified Khanna & Andrade Classification (1995). Statistical Analysis was done by SPSS 15. Total 102 patients were recruited from dental OPD as per criteria of inclusion. Among these patients 36 (49.31%) were using ...
In this paper, we examine a novel method called the residual power series method (RPSM) which is ... more In this paper, we examine a novel method called the residual power series method (RPSM) which is used in finding an analytic approximate solution to the nonlinear temporal foam drainage equation of fractional order. The solution is obtained in a uniformly convergent series form. Also, 3D graphs for the solution are provided for different values of [Formula: see text] which proves that the method is an effective and straightforward approach of providing excellent results for similar problems.
Objectives To determine the working conditions and work-related health issues of female domestic ... more Objectives To determine the working conditions and work-related health issues of female domestic workers (FDWs) in four districts of Karachi. Methods Population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four squatter settlements of Karachi with sample size of 406 FDWs in 2018. Pretested questionnaire was administered to collect data through snowball technique. Multivariate logistic regression examined the association between different factors and experiencing violence, work-related injuries, and chemical exposures. Results Only (14.5%) of domestic workers earned Rs 15 000 (75 GBP month−1) and above. >1% had financial support for the health or education of children. Verbal violence included shouting (40.9%), constant critique of work (17.2%), and job threats (13.5%). Common workplace injuries were cuts (30.8%), burns (27.6%), and bruises (23.6%). Doing laundry showed significant positive association with experiencing cuts [odds ratio (OR) = 2.09; 1.15–3.71], looking after child...
OBJECTIVES To assess the surgical informed consent (SIC) practices for obstetric and gynaecologic... more OBJECTIVES To assess the surgical informed consent (SIC) practices for obstetric and gynaecological (OB-GYN) procedures at different hospitals in Pakistan. METHODS Study was conducted in five hospitals (three public and two private) of Peshawar, Pakistan. A pretested structured tablet-based questionnaire was administered from October 2016 through January 2017 among post-op OB-GYN patients. RESULTS About 27% of the patients (significantly more in private hospitals, P = 0.001) did not remember a formal consent administration. Most patients (80%) felt they had no choice about signing the consent. About 65% (mostly in public as compared with private hospitals) mentioned that they would have signed it regardless of the specifics in it (P < 0.001). Patients had increased odds to recall consent if they felt empowered, odds ratio (OR) = 4.5; had an opportunity to ask questions, OR = 7.2; wanted more explanation, OR = 2.8; and had consent administered in their mother tongue, OR = 6.9. DISCUSSION Patients' recall of key elements of consent was low. The time spent with the patient for consenting was much shorter than recommended. The printed consent forms were mostly not available in patients' mother tongue. CONCLUSIONS Consent practice for OB-GYN procedures was suboptimal in studied hospitals. Patients' attitude toward informed consent practices largely reflected providers' focus on obtaining a legally valid signed consent as opposed to administering a consent that empowers patients to make an informed decision in the absence of any external pressure.
Aim: To find out the frequency of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in women with recurrent fetal loss S... more Aim: To find out the frequency of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in women with recurrent fetal loss Study design & duration: One year descriptive study Methods: Seventy five females were included in the study with ages ranging from 20-40 years with minimum two miscarriages. Diabetic females and females with history of bacterial or viral diseases were excluded from the study. Results: In this group the mean age was 27.60±3.29 years. Mean number of fetal losses was 2.95±1.45 whereas mean duration of marriage was 5.79±4.11 years. Conclusion: It is suggested that the patient with history of recurrent miscarriages must be screened for Anticardiolipin Antibodies to bring them out of psychological and physical trauma. Keywords: Anticardiolipin Antibodies (aCL), Recurrent fetal loss (RFL), aPTT
Objectives: To determine the effects of caffeine consumption on the sleep habits and lifestyle of... more Objectives: To determine the effects of caffeine consumption on the sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU) and Hamdard College of Medicine. On 422 undergraduate students aged 18-25 years, through random sampling. The duration of the study was from January 2019 to June 2019. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaire which included data regarding sleep habits and lifestyle of medical students. Results: Majority (81.6%) of the students consumed caffeine while only (18.4%) did not. One third of the participants (31.8%) reported caffeine consumption increased their academic performance and (57.3%) reported that it does not. More than half of the participants (63.3%) who consumed caffeine slept during class, whereas (47.2%) never had difficulty in falling asleep during the night. Conclusion: This research concluded that caffeine does have some role on sleep habits of medi...
Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2018
Objective To assess the frequency of steroid-induced hyperglycemia in patients taking systemic st... more Objective To assess the frequency of steroid-induced hyperglycemia in patients taking systemic steroids (30mg or more of prednisolone or equivalent) for dermatological disorders. Methods We included 150 patients of either sex and with ages between 12 and 70 years in this cross-sectional study, carried out in the department of dermatology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore for a duration of 6 months. Their baseline fasting blood glucose level prior to the start of steroid treatment was recorded. Patients taking 30mg or more of prednisolone (or equivalent) were followed up after one week of treatment and their random blood sugar levels were checked by the same laboratory on venous blood, to see whether they developed hyperglycemia or not after treatment with steroids. Results Mean age of the patients was 41.83±16.42 years. Ninety-four (62.7%) patients were male while 56 (37.3%) were female. Hyperglycemia was found in 28 out of 150 (18.7%) patients. Conclusion Steroid induce hyperglycemia occur...
Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2019
Scabies is a common parasitic infestation in our population which can affect individuals of all a... more Scabies is a common parasitic infestation in our population which can affect individuals of all ages. More than 300 million cases of scabies are reported annually. It is caused by a mite called Sarcoptes Scabiei. Common clinical manifestations include classic burrows, papules, nodules, crusts, excoriations and rarely vesicles and bullae. We report a bullous scabies case of a 60 years old man with more than 3 months history of itchy vesiculobullous lesions, mimicking bullous pemphigoid.
Objective: This study is conducted to compare the risk of thrombo-embolism during different phase... more Objective: This study is conducted to compare the risk of thrombo-embolism during different phases of menstrual cycles. Methodology:105 healthy premenopausal unmarried females of 18 -21 years with a history of previous three normal menstrual cycles and 32 age matched male volunteers were recruited in the study. The phase of menstrual cycle of female volunteers was established by taking menstrual history. Bleeding time was determined by Duke’s method. Results: Bleeding time in 105 females was 73.03±1.89 Seconds and in 32 males was 69.33±4.94 Seconds which were not significantly different statis-tically (p=0.063). Among females, 69 volunteers were in follicular phase of their hormonal cycle. Bleeding time in 29 females in early follicular phase was 70.86±3.38 Seconds and 40 females in late follicular phase was 68.25±4.03 Seconds. Statistically significant difference was not seen (p=0.095) when the two phases were compared. Bleeding time is not found to be reduced in late follicular ph...
Journal of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, 2017
Background of study : Being an Asian country, Pakistan has a high ratio of population infected wi... more Background of study : Being an Asian country, Pakistan has a high ratio of population infected with the HBV. Various studies carried out in Pakistan have clearly showed that medical students do not have sufficient knowledge about blood borne diseases. Health care workers are predisposed to higher risks of contracting HBV as it is transmitted through blood and body fluids and accidental contact with these fluids is inevitable while treating the patients. This risk is even higher amongst medical students during their clinical years as they have inadequate experience and skills and the exposure to contaminated fluids becomes far more likely. Objectives of study: To determine knowledge, attitude & practices regarding vaccination against HBV among MBBS 4 th years students of Nishtar Medical College, Multan. To determine the frequency of 4 th year students vaccinated against HBV Material and Methods : It is a cross sectional study. The sample of study was 167 students. The data was col...
The present study was conducted on evaluating the color preferences of fruit flies and their popu... more The present study was conducted on evaluating the color preferences of fruit flies and their population dynamics in citrus orchards of Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha by installing traps of 11 different colors in three replicates. This research work was done in the year 2016 and 2017 from July to September. It was found from the pooled data of both years that maximum populations of fruit flies (irrespective of species) were attracted to yellow (78.59±16.43 flies/trap/week) and transparent (73.68±14.27 flies/trap/week) colored traps. In the year, 2016, peak population with 5151 flies was observed in the August, however in the year 2017, two peaks were observed in the 3 week of August (1937 flies) and September (1975 flies). The species of fruit flies identified from citrus orchards were Bactrocera zonata and B. dorsalis. B. zonata with occurrence of 89.14%-91.66% was highly dominant in citrus orchard as compared to B. dorsalis with 8.33%-10.85% occurrence. From this experiment it...
2019 International Conference on Green and Human Information Technology (ICGHIT)
Technology has always tried to help mankind. In this age of science and technology, man is trying... more Technology has always tried to help mankind. In this age of science and technology, man is trying to move towards ease and comfort using technology. Technology is being implemented to save money and time both. IoT has changed the way a human thinks. Advancements in ICT and IOT has opened many new research avenues for mankind. Before man thought about how he can become expert in something and provide his services but now man has changed his view and is trying to use technology to do every task without human interference. This research paper provides all the details to implement one of IOT's application and serve humanity. This is all about remote patient monitoring system which is capable enough to measure human body temperature, pulse rate, and blood pressure and send it to the doctor who can access it from anywhere in the world.
The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) has been declared as Pandemic by the Worl... more The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) has been declared as Pandemic by the World Health Organization and now become a global health emergency. Low and Middle income-countries lack standard pharmacy services in terms of staff, education, training, pharmaceutical care, research, and practice. The literature aimed to provide emerging pharmacy services and recommend it to be implemented in low and middle-income countries. Currently, pharmacies were easily accessible sites by the community, a trained staff under the guidance of pharmacist can be helpful for the management of visiting customers. In the surge of disease, pharmacists proved themselves as a frontline defense for the community by significant contribution in identifying, reporting, and managing COVID-19 patients through pharmaceutical care services at the community level, hospital/clinical level, and through Tele-pharmaceutical services.
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus distresses the physiology of the retinal neurons which causes diabetic... more Purpose: Diabetes mellitus distresses the physiology of the retinal neurons which causes diabetic retinopathy with impaired vision, colour vision defect and contrast sensitivity and these are the common causes of legal visual loss in diabetes mellitus. This study determines the major factors which lead to the complications in diabetic patients irrespective of diabetes status. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Dow University Hospital. Methods: A total of two hundred patients were included. Information regarding types of diabetes (T1DM/T2DM), diabetic status (controlled/uncontrolled), Snellen acuity, and color vision and contrast sensitivity was collected from eye OPD along with demographic of patients. Result: Mean age of the patients was 50.23 � 7.89 years. There were 51% males and 49% females. Majority of the patients were married 87%. 60.5% had controlled diabetes while 39.5% uncontrolled diabetes was observed in pat...
Objective: To determine the Lisinopril and Aspirin interaction through their concurrent effect on... more Objective: To determine the Lisinopril and Aspirin interaction through their concurrent effect on bleeding in adult male rabbits. Methods: Twenty four healthy adult male rabbits were used. Bleeding time of each animal was determined by Duke’s Method. They were divided randomly in three groups containing equal number of animals into Control, Aspirin, Lisinopril and Combination groups. After oral administration of the drug(s), the bleeding time of the animals was again determined by same method. Results: Prolongation of bleeding time was significant (p<0.05) in Aspirin and combination groups but insignificant (p>0.05) in Lisinopril group after 1 hour. It was significant (p<0.05) in Aspirin and Lisinopril groups but insignificant (p>0.05) in Combination group after 24 hours. This change was observed after 48 hours too. Conclusion: Concurrent use of Lisinopril reduces the effect of Aspirin on Bleeding after a certain time period.
Increase in incidence of oral cancers associated with tobacco and smokeless tobacco products in S... more Increase in incidence of oral cancers associated with tobacco and smokeless tobacco products in South Asian countries, especially in Pakistan, is creating an alarming situation. Objectives: Study investigated the association of tobacco, smokeless tobacco and alcohol with oral cancer. Methods: A case control design was used. 118 cases of oral cancer were selected from hospital, matched with 354 controls during April to June 2015. Case to control ratio was 1:3. Results: Mean age of cases was 48.91±13.24 years, 77.1% being males and 22.9% females. Most of the participants belonged to low socioeconomic status. The association of pan with oral cancer was very significant (p<0.05, OR= 9.755, 95% CI 5.7-16.5). However, 62/118 cases were non-chewers and developed oral cancer. Pan chewing showed the strongest risk for oral cancer. We also found an increased risk for oral cancer in the consumption of Niswar (p<0.05, OR= 3.941, 95% CI 1.6-9.8), gutka (p<0.05, OR= 4.133, 95% CI 3.5-4.9...
Various Risk factors initiate Submucous fibrosis which may be augmented by NSAIDs. A number of an... more Various Risk factors initiate Submucous fibrosis which may be augmented by NSAIDs. A number of animal studies on their mechanism indirectly support it especially regarding alterations in prostaglandin synthesis. This study has been designed to find association of these drugs with Oral Submucous fibrosis in the presence of risk factors. Newly diagnosed patients of Oral Sub mucous fibrosis were recruited for this study who attended Dental Department of Karachi Medical and Dental College from July 1 till Dec 31, 2013.A structured interview and medical record of each patient was used to determine the demographic profile, any addiction, previous and present illnesses and drug (s) used. Through examination of Oral cavity was carried out to access the severity of disease as per modified Khanna & Andrade Classification (1995). Statistical Analysis was done by SPSS 15. Total 102 patients were recruited from dental OPD as per criteria of inclusion. Among these patients 36 (49.31%) were using ...
In this paper, we examine a novel method called the residual power series method (RPSM) which is ... more In this paper, we examine a novel method called the residual power series method (RPSM) which is used in finding an analytic approximate solution to the nonlinear temporal foam drainage equation of fractional order. The solution is obtained in a uniformly convergent series form. Also, 3D graphs for the solution are provided for different values of [Formula: see text] which proves that the method is an effective and straightforward approach of providing excellent results for similar problems.
Objectives To determine the working conditions and work-related health issues of female domestic ... more Objectives To determine the working conditions and work-related health issues of female domestic workers (FDWs) in four districts of Karachi. Methods Population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four squatter settlements of Karachi with sample size of 406 FDWs in 2018. Pretested questionnaire was administered to collect data through snowball technique. Multivariate logistic regression examined the association between different factors and experiencing violence, work-related injuries, and chemical exposures. Results Only (14.5%) of domestic workers earned Rs 15 000 (75 GBP month−1) and above. >1% had financial support for the health or education of children. Verbal violence included shouting (40.9%), constant critique of work (17.2%), and job threats (13.5%). Common workplace injuries were cuts (30.8%), burns (27.6%), and bruises (23.6%). Doing laundry showed significant positive association with experiencing cuts [odds ratio (OR) = 2.09; 1.15–3.71], looking after child...
OBJECTIVES To assess the surgical informed consent (SIC) practices for obstetric and gynaecologic... more OBJECTIVES To assess the surgical informed consent (SIC) practices for obstetric and gynaecological (OB-GYN) procedures at different hospitals in Pakistan. METHODS Study was conducted in five hospitals (three public and two private) of Peshawar, Pakistan. A pretested structured tablet-based questionnaire was administered from October 2016 through January 2017 among post-op OB-GYN patients. RESULTS About 27% of the patients (significantly more in private hospitals, P = 0.001) did not remember a formal consent administration. Most patients (80%) felt they had no choice about signing the consent. About 65% (mostly in public as compared with private hospitals) mentioned that they would have signed it regardless of the specifics in it (P < 0.001). Patients had increased odds to recall consent if they felt empowered, odds ratio (OR) = 4.5; had an opportunity to ask questions, OR = 7.2; wanted more explanation, OR = 2.8; and had consent administered in their mother tongue, OR = 6.9. DISCUSSION Patients' recall of key elements of consent was low. The time spent with the patient for consenting was much shorter than recommended. The printed consent forms were mostly not available in patients' mother tongue. CONCLUSIONS Consent practice for OB-GYN procedures was suboptimal in studied hospitals. Patients' attitude toward informed consent practices largely reflected providers' focus on obtaining a legally valid signed consent as opposed to administering a consent that empowers patients to make an informed decision in the absence of any external pressure.
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