In this research, we discuss the removal of malachite green dye by strontium hydroxyapatite suppo... more In this research, we discuss the removal of malachite green dye by strontium hydroxyapatite supported BiOCl. A modified hydrolysis model, one can synthesise BiOCl/SrHA. BiOCl/SrHA was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible (UV-vis) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy diffraction X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM outcome confirmed the dispersion of BiOCl onto strontium hydroxyapatite. The shape of the BiOCl catalytic samples overlapped with each other to form 3D hierarchical flower-like structures. The UV-visible was used as a radiation source during photocatalysis. BiOCl/SrHA had an effect on malachite green dye degradation. The oxidative removal occurred through hydroxyl radical formation. UV-visible (UV-vis) /BiOCl/SrHA showed perfect photocatalytic property for the decay of malachite green (MG) from an aqueous solution. According to kinetics analysis, the dye degradation rates could be in a pseudo-first-orde...
In this research, we discuss the removal of basic fusion (BF), and crystal violet (CV) dyes by st... more In this research, we discuss the removal of basic fusion (BF), and crystal violet (CV) dyes by strontium hydroxyapatite supported BiOI. In a modified hydrothermal model, one can synthesize BiOI/SrHA. BiOI/SrHA was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible (UV-vis) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy diffraction X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM outcome confirmed the dispersion of BiOI onto strontium hydroxyapatite. The shape of the BiOI catalytic samples overlapped with each other to form 3D hierarchical flower-like structures. The UV-visible was used as a radiation source during photocatalysis. BiOI/SrHA had an effect on malachite green dye degradation. The oxidative removal occurred through hydroxyl radical formation. UV-visible (UV-vis) BiOI/SrHA showed perfect photocatalytic property for the decay of Basic Fuchsin (BF) and Crystal Violet (CV) from an aqueous solution. According to kinetics analysis, the dye degrad...
Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, 2013
We present detailed theoretical studies of the proton transfer (PT) in the 3-Mercapto-propenethia... more We present detailed theoretical studies of the proton transfer (PT) in the 3-Mercapto-propenethial (MP) and in some of its derivatives. The effect of substitution on the transition state structures corresponding to the PT in R2 or R1(3) positions is studied by using B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory in gas phase and water solution. The following substituents have been taken into consideration: Cl, F, OH, SH, OCH3, SCH3, CHO, NO2, CCH and OCF3 . For the different derivatives of 3-MP, we have computed geometries and potential energy curves for the intramolecular PT in their ground. Also, the excited-state properties of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in substituted systems have been investigated theoretically using the time-dependent density functional theory method. The π-electron delocalization parameter (Q) and HOMA index as a geometrical indicator of a local aromaticity are investigated. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was also performed for better understanding the nature of i...
The adsorption-desorption processes of Fipronil have been performed by using batch equilibrium ex... more The adsorption-desorption processes of Fipronil have been performed by using batch equilibrium experiments on eight agricultural soils samples from different locations in south of Iraq, Nasiriya, Amara, and mostly Basrah soils. The kinetics study for adsorption-desorption processes proved that first order rate law is ogled. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 and ΔS 0) were also calculated for adsorption process of Fipronil at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K. The negative values for each of ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 parameters confirmed that Fipronil adsorption processes are high at lower temperature and done via enthalpy effect. The effect of organic matter and clay content on the adsorption of Fipronil in soil samples was studied. Also the adsorption effect caused by surfactants like cationic polyacrylamide (PAM), anionic polyacrylic acid (PAA), and nonionic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the solid liquid interface was investigated. Batch adsorption technique was employed for the metal ions adsorption in soils. The amount of metal ions adsorbed increased with time. Copper ion has more adsorption rates than nickel and iron ions.
Calcium oxide was obtained from eggshell and modified with Sulfur, Nitrogen and, Oxygen. The adso... more Calcium oxide was obtained from eggshell and modified with Sulfur, Nitrogen and, Oxygen. The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorbents were used for the removing of the dyes of Nigrosin, Alizarin red S, Indigo carmine, and Acid fuchsin from their aqueous solutions. The adsorption isotherm experiments were studied, and the equilibrium adsorption found either obeyed the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm depending on the Sips isotherm results. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption processes of the studied dyes were spontaneous, endothermic and randomness increases according to their ΔG, ΔH and ΔS values, respectively. The kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo second-order model best represented adsorption kinetics. Moreover, the photocatalytic ability of adsorbents was investigated under the sunlight, the results revealed the adsorbents have a strong photo-c...
Apatite compounds has wide applications in the medical and non-medical field and are very stable ... more Apatite compounds has wide applications in the medical and non-medical field and are very stable compounds .Different compounds of apatite were prepared and identified such as a that of calcium hydroxyapatite, Strontium Fluorapatite compound and Strontium –Calcium hydroxyapatite compound . All these compounds were identified by Infrared spectroscopy and X-rays, which confirmed the presence of the prepared compounds. The release of a indomethacin drug in a laboratory in the prepared compounds were studied. Porosity tablets of the compounds were prepared using the material (Micro Crystalline Cellulose) as a porous. then removed the used cellulose material as a porous by heating in oven at 600 C° for two hours. These tablets was examined using scanning electronic microscope (SEM) which shows the presence of different porous sizes in the prepared tablets . keywords — Apatite ,drug delivery , hydroxyapatite , flourapatite , x-ray , micro crystalline cellulose , SEM, . —————————— ——————...
Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) and strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesize... more Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) and strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesized using wet chemical precipitation method. These compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology and particle size for the resultant particles of the synthesized compounds were checked by scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size of strontium flourapatite was larger than that of strontium hydroxyapatite by 4.55 times. The particles of each compound were coated by trehalose sugar to decrease the possible ionic interactions with these synthesized compounds. An in vitro release study of ceftazidime antibiotic from the strontium flourapatite and strontium hydroxyapatite was performed in a simulated body fluid at a temperature of 37 o C. This release was studied by UV spectrophotometer at λmax of 258 nm for 12 hours. The results of the release study showed that the release of ceftazidime was faster from str...
Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) an d strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesiz... more Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) an d strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesized using wet chemical precipi tation method. These compounds were characterized by Fourier transform i nfrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology and particle size for the resultant particles of the synthesized compounds were checked by scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size of strontium flourapatite was l rger than that of strontium hydroxyapatite by 4.55 times. The particles of each compound were coated by trehalose sugar to decrease the possible ionic inte ractions with these synthesized compounds. An in vitro release study of ceftazidime antibiotic from the s trontium flourapatite and strontium hydroxyapatite was perfo rmed in a simulated body fluid at a temperature of 37 C. This release was studied by UV spectrophotometer at λmax of 258 nm for 12 hours. The results of the release study s howed that the release of ceftazidime was faster fro...
A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxi... more A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxidoethyl]imino-methyl}-phenolato)tetrakis[aquacopper(II)]] that referred as complex A then it characterized by FTIR, UV and NMR techniques. The prepared complex is evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy (C1010) in corrosive medium of 0.1M HCl at 25ºC at different concentrations i.e., (10-50) ppm. An optimal concentration is 10 ppm which gives efficiency about 52%. In order to raise the efficiency of the mentioned inhibitor, 7ppm of potassium iodide (KI) is added to the inhibitor, where the efficiency of the certain inhibitor raised its efficiency into high significant values for all concentrations of the inhibitor. The results insisted that the optimal efficiency is 88% at 40 ppm. On other hand, the effect of the temperature on the inhibition efficiency for the inhibitor when it mixed with KI is studied temperatures range of (25-55) ºC for all concentrations and the resul...
A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxi... more A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxidoethyl]imino-methyl}-phenolato)tetrakis[aquacopper(II)]] that referred as complex A then it characterized by FTIR, UV and NMR techniques. The prepared complex is evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy (C1010) in corrosive medium of 0.1M HCl at 25ºC at different concentrations i.e., (10-50) ppm. An optimal concentration is 10 ppm which gives efficiency about 52%. In order to raise the efficiency of the mentioned inhibitor, 7ppm of potassium iodide (KI) is added to the inhibitor, where the efficiency of the certain inhibitor raised its efficiency into high significant values for all concentrations of the inhibitor. The results insisted that the optimal efficiency is 88% at 40 ppm. On other hand, the effect of the temperature on the inhibition efficiency for the inhibitor when it mixed with KI is studied temperatures range of (25-55) ºC for all concentrations and the resul...
The term soil structure defines the size, shape, and arrangement of the primary soil particles an... more The term soil structure defines the size, shape, and arrangement of the primary soil particles and the aggregates they form[1] . The properties of soil result from the net effect of the interactions of materials[2]. Soils are rarely composed of a single size class of particles; they are mixtures of different size classes. However, one or two size classes usually dominate the physical behavior of the soil[3]. There are two types of particles, primary and secondary particles. Individual discrete particles are called primary particles and their aggregates are known as secondary particles. Primary particles with the maximum “effective diameter” of 2 mm are classified into three categories-sand, silt, and clay[3]. Adsorption is the primary process of how the soil retains a pesticide[4]. Adsorption is due to the attraction or repulsion between a solid surface and, in this case, a vapor or solution. This attraction or repulsion is the resultant of the interaction between the fields of forc...
A new series of hexaarylthiocyclophosphazenes and hexaarylselenocyclophosphazenes ( i.e . N 3 P 3... more A new series of hexaarylthiocyclophosphazenes and hexaarylselenocyclophosphazenes ( i.e . N 3 P 3 (E-C 6 H 4 -R) 6 , where E= S, R= H( 1 ); E= S,R= OCH 3 ( 2 ); E= S, R= CH 3 ( 3 ); E= Se, R= H( 4 ); E= Se, R= OCH 3 ( 5 ) and E= Se, R= CH 3 ( 6 )) were prepared in good yields by reaction of the corresponding arylthiolate and arylselenolate anions with hexachlorocyclophosphazene under argon atmosphere. The thermal properties of compounds 1 - 6 were studied by TGA. All prepared compounds showed a good thermal stability. Char yields were between 37-68% at750 o C for compounds 1 - 6 . All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1 H, 13 Cand 31 PNMR and thermal gravimetric techniques. Keywords : Hexachlorocyclophosphazene, Arylthiolate,Arylselenolate, Fire retardants Introduction Phosphazenes, compounds having –P=N– group in their molecules, constitute one of the important class of compounds in thechemistry of phosphorus and nitrogen [1]. The highly reactive P-Cl bonds...
The study also explores the effects of citric acid, tri-lithium citrate, tri-sodium citrate and t... more The study also explores the effects of citric acid, tri-lithium citrate, tri-sodium citrate and tri-potassium citrate on most of the physical properties of the ordinary Portland cement type 1 (OPC) produced by Basrah cement factory /IRAQ. Thus, the compressive strength, standard consistency and setting time tests were performed. The results showed increasing in compressive strength in age 28 days, when low dosages (approximately ≤ 0.2%) of all types of admixtures were used. Standard consistency results showed a correlation between amount of admixtures and reducing water demand to reach standard consistency. The Setting time test showed the low dosages of all admixtures prolonged the thickening to a certain extent, while the large amounts were caused a remarkable reduction. The increasing in strength in a small number of admixtures may be attributed to the hardened cement specimens. An improvement in permeability and rebar corrosion, also, was observed when certain ratios of admixtur...
In this paper, Cleaned sheep's bone pieces were heated at 1100°C to isolate hydroxyapatite(HA... more In this paper, Cleaned sheep's bone pieces were heated at 1100°C to isolate hydroxyapatite(HAP). FTIR spectrometry and the X-ray diffractiometry was confirmed the presence of HAP. Kinetic batch experiments were used to study the adsorption behavior of Pb 2+ in HAP. The isothermal models Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushevich (DKR) were applied to describe the adsorption properties by investigation the contact time, lead concentration and temperature. The equilibrium uptake of lead ions by isolated hydroxyapatite was fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters free energy change (ΔG o ), enthalpy change (ΔH o ) and entropy change were also calculated for adsorption process of lead and the results indicated that the adsorption reaction were spontaneous(∆G o 0) and pseudo first and second order both fitted the adsorption process of lead ions on isolated hydroxyapatite.
Diaryl Chalcogenides (i.e. Ar2E where Ar = 4-CH3C6H4, 4-BrC6H4, E= S, Se and Te) were reacted wit... more Diaryl Chalcogenides (i.e. Ar2E where Ar = 4-CH3C6H4, 4-BrC6H4, E= S, Se and Te) were reacted with [RhCl(CO)2]2 and rhodium(III) chloride trihydrate to give compounds of type [RhCl(CO)2(Ar2E)] and [RhCl3(Ar2E)3], respectively. All compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopic data. Attempts to prepare hydroxyapatite (HAp) supported rhodium catalyst by using different methods were unsuccessful. Complexes [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2S)], [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2Se)] and [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2Te), where R= CH3 or Br], were evaluated as catalysts for hydrosilylation of allyl phenyl ether and 1-decene. They showed good catalytic activities for hydrosilylation of alkenes with triethoxysilane.
Successful removal of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin dyes from aqueous solutions us... more Successful removal of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin dyes from aqueous solutions using modified CaO nanoparticles has been investigated. The CaO was obtained from eggshells and modified with AgI. The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The kinetic studies were also investigated, the results showed that the adsorption of alizarin dye follows the pseudo-first-order model, while the adsorption of the nigrosine, indigo, and acid fuchsin follow the pseudo-second-order model onto modified and unmodified CaO. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of modified adsorbent was tested under sunlight. The modified adsorbent showed a strong photocatalytic activity, a 0.01 g modified adsorbent was sufficient to absorb 100% of acid fuchsin through only 5 min after exposes to sunlight.
Complexes of Cu(II) ), Ni (II) and Co (II) of a new triazole Schiff-base of two different ligand... more Complexes of Cu(II) ), Ni (II) and Co (II) of a new triazole Schiff-base of two different ligand ,namely(E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)4H- 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl acetate and (E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl acetate were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C-NMR, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopic data. The complex is found to be an ionic in nature by conductivity measurements and have been found to posses 1:2(M:2L) stoichiometry. The magnetic moment values of 1.540–1.7295.B.M. for Cu(II) complexes without doubt recommend octahedral geometry with one unpaired electron for Cu(II) complexes. The magnetic moment values of 3.863–4.039 B.M. for Co(II) complexes that recommend high spin octahedral geometry with three unpaired electron for Co(II) complexes. The magnetic moment value of 2.351B.M. for Ni(II) complex was matches to two unpaired electrons and octahedral geometry. Considerable variations in biological ac...
In this paper, calcium oxide (CaO) was produced by the thermal treatment of eggshell. The doping ... more In this paper, calcium oxide (CaO) was produced by the thermal treatment of eggshell. The doping process with silver iodide (AgI), oxygen (O), sulfur(S) and nitrogen (N) was achieved by adsorbents. The adsorption of Acid fuchsine (AF), Indigo Carmine (IC), Nigrosine (NG) and Alizarine Red S (AR) on the surface of these particles was studied. The different conditions affecting the adsorption process, such as the time of equilibrium, the primary concentration of the studied dyes, the amount of the adsorbent, the acidic function, the speed of the pruning motion and the temperature were studied. The pH stability time (5-10 minutes), IC and NG (30 minutes) and AR were (90 minutes). The effect of temperature was also studied within the range (25-45 ° C). The results showed that the adsorption capacity increased by increasing the temperature, ie the reaction is endothermic. The study showed the effect of the acidic function on the percentage of pigmentation. The percentage was increased by...
In this research, we discuss the removal of malachite green dye by strontium hydroxyapatite suppo... more In this research, we discuss the removal of malachite green dye by strontium hydroxyapatite supported BiOCl. A modified hydrolysis model, one can synthesise BiOCl/SrHA. BiOCl/SrHA was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible (UV-vis) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy diffraction X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM outcome confirmed the dispersion of BiOCl onto strontium hydroxyapatite. The shape of the BiOCl catalytic samples overlapped with each other to form 3D hierarchical flower-like structures. The UV-visible was used as a radiation source during photocatalysis. BiOCl/SrHA had an effect on malachite green dye degradation. The oxidative removal occurred through hydroxyl radical formation. UV-visible (UV-vis) /BiOCl/SrHA showed perfect photocatalytic property for the decay of malachite green (MG) from an aqueous solution. According to kinetics analysis, the dye degradation rates could be in a pseudo-first-orde...
In this research, we discuss the removal of basic fusion (BF), and crystal violet (CV) dyes by st... more In this research, we discuss the removal of basic fusion (BF), and crystal violet (CV) dyes by strontium hydroxyapatite supported BiOI. In a modified hydrothermal model, one can synthesize BiOI/SrHA. BiOI/SrHA was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible (UV-vis) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy diffraction X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM outcome confirmed the dispersion of BiOI onto strontium hydroxyapatite. The shape of the BiOI catalytic samples overlapped with each other to form 3D hierarchical flower-like structures. The UV-visible was used as a radiation source during photocatalysis. BiOI/SrHA had an effect on malachite green dye degradation. The oxidative removal occurred through hydroxyl radical formation. UV-visible (UV-vis) BiOI/SrHA showed perfect photocatalytic property for the decay of Basic Fuchsin (BF) and Crystal Violet (CV) from an aqueous solution. According to kinetics analysis, the dye degrad...
Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, 2013
We present detailed theoretical studies of the proton transfer (PT) in the 3-Mercapto-propenethia... more We present detailed theoretical studies of the proton transfer (PT) in the 3-Mercapto-propenethial (MP) and in some of its derivatives. The effect of substitution on the transition state structures corresponding to the PT in R2 or R1(3) positions is studied by using B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory in gas phase and water solution. The following substituents have been taken into consideration: Cl, F, OH, SH, OCH3, SCH3, CHO, NO2, CCH and OCF3 . For the different derivatives of 3-MP, we have computed geometries and potential energy curves for the intramolecular PT in their ground. Also, the excited-state properties of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in substituted systems have been investigated theoretically using the time-dependent density functional theory method. The π-electron delocalization parameter (Q) and HOMA index as a geometrical indicator of a local aromaticity are investigated. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was also performed for better understanding the nature of i...
The adsorption-desorption processes of Fipronil have been performed by using batch equilibrium ex... more The adsorption-desorption processes of Fipronil have been performed by using batch equilibrium experiments on eight agricultural soils samples from different locations in south of Iraq, Nasiriya, Amara, and mostly Basrah soils. The kinetics study for adsorption-desorption processes proved that first order rate law is ogled. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 and ΔS 0) were also calculated for adsorption process of Fipronil at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K. The negative values for each of ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 parameters confirmed that Fipronil adsorption processes are high at lower temperature and done via enthalpy effect. The effect of organic matter and clay content on the adsorption of Fipronil in soil samples was studied. Also the adsorption effect caused by surfactants like cationic polyacrylamide (PAM), anionic polyacrylic acid (PAA), and nonionic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the solid liquid interface was investigated. Batch adsorption technique was employed for the metal ions adsorption in soils. The amount of metal ions adsorbed increased with time. Copper ion has more adsorption rates than nickel and iron ions.
Calcium oxide was obtained from eggshell and modified with Sulfur, Nitrogen and, Oxygen. The adso... more Calcium oxide was obtained from eggshell and modified with Sulfur, Nitrogen and, Oxygen. The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorbents were used for the removing of the dyes of Nigrosin, Alizarin red S, Indigo carmine, and Acid fuchsin from their aqueous solutions. The adsorption isotherm experiments were studied, and the equilibrium adsorption found either obeyed the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm depending on the Sips isotherm results. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption processes of the studied dyes were spontaneous, endothermic and randomness increases according to their ΔG, ΔH and ΔS values, respectively. The kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo second-order model best represented adsorption kinetics. Moreover, the photocatalytic ability of adsorbents was investigated under the sunlight, the results revealed the adsorbents have a strong photo-c...
Apatite compounds has wide applications in the medical and non-medical field and are very stable ... more Apatite compounds has wide applications in the medical and non-medical field and are very stable compounds .Different compounds of apatite were prepared and identified such as a that of calcium hydroxyapatite, Strontium Fluorapatite compound and Strontium –Calcium hydroxyapatite compound . All these compounds were identified by Infrared spectroscopy and X-rays, which confirmed the presence of the prepared compounds. The release of a indomethacin drug in a laboratory in the prepared compounds were studied. Porosity tablets of the compounds were prepared using the material (Micro Crystalline Cellulose) as a porous. then removed the used cellulose material as a porous by heating in oven at 600 C° for two hours. These tablets was examined using scanning electronic microscope (SEM) which shows the presence of different porous sizes in the prepared tablets . keywords — Apatite ,drug delivery , hydroxyapatite , flourapatite , x-ray , micro crystalline cellulose , SEM, . —————————— ——————...
Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) and strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesize... more Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) and strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesized using wet chemical precipitation method. These compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology and particle size for the resultant particles of the synthesized compounds were checked by scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size of strontium flourapatite was larger than that of strontium hydroxyapatite by 4.55 times. The particles of each compound were coated by trehalose sugar to decrease the possible ionic interactions with these synthesized compounds. An in vitro release study of ceftazidime antibiotic from the strontium flourapatite and strontium hydroxyapatite was performed in a simulated body fluid at a temperature of 37 o C. This release was studied by UV spectrophotometer at λmax of 258 nm for 12 hours. The results of the release study showed that the release of ceftazidime was faster from str...
Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) an d strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesiz... more Two compounds, strontium flourapatite (SrFA) an d strontium hydroxyapatite (SrHA), were synthesized using wet chemical precipi tation method. These compounds were characterized by Fourier transform i nfrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology and particle size for the resultant particles of the synthesized compounds were checked by scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size of strontium flourapatite was l rger than that of strontium hydroxyapatite by 4.55 times. The particles of each compound were coated by trehalose sugar to decrease the possible ionic inte ractions with these synthesized compounds. An in vitro release study of ceftazidime antibiotic from the s trontium flourapatite and strontium hydroxyapatite was perfo rmed in a simulated body fluid at a temperature of 37 C. This release was studied by UV spectrophotometer at λmax of 258 nm for 12 hours. The results of the release study s howed that the release of ceftazidime was faster fro...
A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxi... more A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxidoethyl]imino-methyl}-phenolato)tetrakis[aquacopper(II)]] that referred as complex A then it characterized by FTIR, UV and NMR techniques. The prepared complex is evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy (C1010) in corrosive medium of 0.1M HCl at 25ºC at different concentrations i.e., (10-50) ppm. An optimal concentration is 10 ppm which gives efficiency about 52%. In order to raise the efficiency of the mentioned inhibitor, 7ppm of potassium iodide (KI) is added to the inhibitor, where the efficiency of the certain inhibitor raised its efficiency into high significant values for all concentrations of the inhibitor. The results insisted that the optimal efficiency is 88% at 40 ppm. On other hand, the effect of the temperature on the inhibition efficiency for the inhibitor when it mixed with KI is studied temperatures range of (25-55) ºC for all concentrations and the resul...
A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxi... more A Schiff base complex of the coper was prepared [tetrakis (μ 3-2-{[1, 1-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2-oxidoethyl]imino-methyl}-phenolato)tetrakis[aquacopper(II)]] that referred as complex A then it characterized by FTIR, UV and NMR techniques. The prepared complex is evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy (C1010) in corrosive medium of 0.1M HCl at 25ºC at different concentrations i.e., (10-50) ppm. An optimal concentration is 10 ppm which gives efficiency about 52%. In order to raise the efficiency of the mentioned inhibitor, 7ppm of potassium iodide (KI) is added to the inhibitor, where the efficiency of the certain inhibitor raised its efficiency into high significant values for all concentrations of the inhibitor. The results insisted that the optimal efficiency is 88% at 40 ppm. On other hand, the effect of the temperature on the inhibition efficiency for the inhibitor when it mixed with KI is studied temperatures range of (25-55) ºC for all concentrations and the resul...
The term soil structure defines the size, shape, and arrangement of the primary soil particles an... more The term soil structure defines the size, shape, and arrangement of the primary soil particles and the aggregates they form[1] . The properties of soil result from the net effect of the interactions of materials[2]. Soils are rarely composed of a single size class of particles; they are mixtures of different size classes. However, one or two size classes usually dominate the physical behavior of the soil[3]. There are two types of particles, primary and secondary particles. Individual discrete particles are called primary particles and their aggregates are known as secondary particles. Primary particles with the maximum “effective diameter” of 2 mm are classified into three categories-sand, silt, and clay[3]. Adsorption is the primary process of how the soil retains a pesticide[4]. Adsorption is due to the attraction or repulsion between a solid surface and, in this case, a vapor or solution. This attraction or repulsion is the resultant of the interaction between the fields of forc...
A new series of hexaarylthiocyclophosphazenes and hexaarylselenocyclophosphazenes ( i.e . N 3 P 3... more A new series of hexaarylthiocyclophosphazenes and hexaarylselenocyclophosphazenes ( i.e . N 3 P 3 (E-C 6 H 4 -R) 6 , where E= S, R= H( 1 ); E= S,R= OCH 3 ( 2 ); E= S, R= CH 3 ( 3 ); E= Se, R= H( 4 ); E= Se, R= OCH 3 ( 5 ) and E= Se, R= CH 3 ( 6 )) were prepared in good yields by reaction of the corresponding arylthiolate and arylselenolate anions with hexachlorocyclophosphazene under argon atmosphere. The thermal properties of compounds 1 - 6 were studied by TGA. All prepared compounds showed a good thermal stability. Char yields were between 37-68% at750 o C for compounds 1 - 6 . All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1 H, 13 Cand 31 PNMR and thermal gravimetric techniques. Keywords : Hexachlorocyclophosphazene, Arylthiolate,Arylselenolate, Fire retardants Introduction Phosphazenes, compounds having –P=N– group in their molecules, constitute one of the important class of compounds in thechemistry of phosphorus and nitrogen [1]. The highly reactive P-Cl bonds...
The study also explores the effects of citric acid, tri-lithium citrate, tri-sodium citrate and t... more The study also explores the effects of citric acid, tri-lithium citrate, tri-sodium citrate and tri-potassium citrate on most of the physical properties of the ordinary Portland cement type 1 (OPC) produced by Basrah cement factory /IRAQ. Thus, the compressive strength, standard consistency and setting time tests were performed. The results showed increasing in compressive strength in age 28 days, when low dosages (approximately ≤ 0.2%) of all types of admixtures were used. Standard consistency results showed a correlation between amount of admixtures and reducing water demand to reach standard consistency. The Setting time test showed the low dosages of all admixtures prolonged the thickening to a certain extent, while the large amounts were caused a remarkable reduction. The increasing in strength in a small number of admixtures may be attributed to the hardened cement specimens. An improvement in permeability and rebar corrosion, also, was observed when certain ratios of admixtur...
In this paper, Cleaned sheep's bone pieces were heated at 1100°C to isolate hydroxyapatite(HA... more In this paper, Cleaned sheep's bone pieces were heated at 1100°C to isolate hydroxyapatite(HAP). FTIR spectrometry and the X-ray diffractiometry was confirmed the presence of HAP. Kinetic batch experiments were used to study the adsorption behavior of Pb 2+ in HAP. The isothermal models Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushevich (DKR) were applied to describe the adsorption properties by investigation the contact time, lead concentration and temperature. The equilibrium uptake of lead ions by isolated hydroxyapatite was fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters free energy change (ΔG o ), enthalpy change (ΔH o ) and entropy change were also calculated for adsorption process of lead and the results indicated that the adsorption reaction were spontaneous(∆G o 0) and pseudo first and second order both fitted the adsorption process of lead ions on isolated hydroxyapatite.
Diaryl Chalcogenides (i.e. Ar2E where Ar = 4-CH3C6H4, 4-BrC6H4, E= S, Se and Te) were reacted wit... more Diaryl Chalcogenides (i.e. Ar2E where Ar = 4-CH3C6H4, 4-BrC6H4, E= S, Se and Te) were reacted with [RhCl(CO)2]2 and rhodium(III) chloride trihydrate to give compounds of type [RhCl(CO)2(Ar2E)] and [RhCl3(Ar2E)3], respectively. All compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopic data. Attempts to prepare hydroxyapatite (HAp) supported rhodium catalyst by using different methods were unsuccessful. Complexes [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2S)], [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2Se)] and [RhCl(CO)2((4-R-C6H4)2Te), where R= CH3 or Br], were evaluated as catalysts for hydrosilylation of allyl phenyl ether and 1-decene. They showed good catalytic activities for hydrosilylation of alkenes with triethoxysilane.
Successful removal of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin dyes from aqueous solutions us... more Successful removal of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin dyes from aqueous solutions using modified CaO nanoparticles has been investigated. The CaO was obtained from eggshells and modified with AgI. The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The kinetic studies were also investigated, the results showed that the adsorption of alizarin dye follows the pseudo-first-order model, while the adsorption of the nigrosine, indigo, and acid fuchsin follow the pseudo-second-order model onto modified and unmodified CaO. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of modified adsorbent was tested under sunlight. The modified adsorbent showed a strong photocatalytic activity, a 0.01 g modified adsorbent was sufficient to absorb 100% of acid fuchsin through only 5 min after exposes to sunlight.
Complexes of Cu(II) ), Ni (II) and Co (II) of a new triazole Schiff-base of two different ligand... more Complexes of Cu(II) ), Ni (II) and Co (II) of a new triazole Schiff-base of two different ligand ,namely(E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)4H- 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl acetate and (E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl acetate were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C-NMR, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopic data. The complex is found to be an ionic in nature by conductivity measurements and have been found to posses 1:2(M:2L) stoichiometry. The magnetic moment values of 1.540–1.7295.B.M. for Cu(II) complexes without doubt recommend octahedral geometry with one unpaired electron for Cu(II) complexes. The magnetic moment values of 3.863–4.039 B.M. for Co(II) complexes that recommend high spin octahedral geometry with three unpaired electron for Co(II) complexes. The magnetic moment value of 2.351B.M. for Ni(II) complex was matches to two unpaired electrons and octahedral geometry. Considerable variations in biological ac...
In this paper, calcium oxide (CaO) was produced by the thermal treatment of eggshell. The doping ... more In this paper, calcium oxide (CaO) was produced by the thermal treatment of eggshell. The doping process with silver iodide (AgI), oxygen (O), sulfur(S) and nitrogen (N) was achieved by adsorbents. The adsorption of Acid fuchsine (AF), Indigo Carmine (IC), Nigrosine (NG) and Alizarine Red S (AR) on the surface of these particles was studied. The different conditions affecting the adsorption process, such as the time of equilibrium, the primary concentration of the studied dyes, the amount of the adsorbent, the acidic function, the speed of the pruning motion and the temperature were studied. The pH stability time (5-10 minutes), IC and NG (30 minutes) and AR were (90 minutes). The effect of temperature was also studied within the range (25-45 ° C). The results showed that the adsorption capacity increased by increasing the temperature, ie the reaction is endothermic. The study showed the effect of the acidic function on the percentage of pigmentation. The percentage was increased by...
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