Papers by yachana choudhary
Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2022
Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 2022
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among chronic disease patients can severely impact individual health w... more COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among chronic disease patients can severely impact individual health with the potential to impede mass vaccination essential for containing the pandemic. The present study was done to assess the COVID-19 vaccine antecedents and its predictors among chronic disease patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted among chronic disease patients availing care from a primary health facility in urban Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Factor and reliability analysis was done for the vaccine hesitancy scale to validate the 5 C scale. Predictors assessed for vaccine hesitancy were modelled with help of machine learning (ML). Out of 520 patients, the majority of participants were female (54.81%). Exploratory factor analysis revealed four psychological antecedents’ “calculation”; “confidence”; “constraint” and “collective responsibility” determining 72.9% of the cumulative variance of vaccine hesitancy scale. The trained ML algorithm yielded an R2 of 0.33. Higher scores for COV...
Indian pediatrics, 2022
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in siblings of childre... more OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in siblings of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). METHOD It was a community-based cross-sectional study of under-five year siblings of children with SAM. RESULTS A total of 128 under-five years siblings were studied, 30% had SAM whereas 20% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). More than 7 members in a family (OR=4.23, CI 1.9-9.6, P<0.001), underweight mothers (OR=5.2, CI 2.08-13.0, P<0.001), children who received pre-lacteals (OR=3.24, CI 1.33-7.87, P=0.007), and Muslim religion (OR=4.44, CI 1.78-11.1, P<0.001) were significantly associated with finding of another child with SAM in the family. CONCLUSION There was high proportion of severe malnutrition in siblings of children with SAM. Consideration should be given to actively screen all under-5 children in the family of a newly diagnosed child with SAM for undernutrition.
Indian Pediatrics, 2022
To study the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in siblings of children with sev... more To study the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in siblings of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). It was a community-based cross-sectional study of under-five year siblings of children with SAM. A total of 128 under-five years siblings were studied, 30% had SAM whereas 20% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). More than 7 members in a family (OR=4.23, CI 1.9–9.6, P<0.001), underweight mothers (OR=5.2, CI 2.08–13.0, P<0.001), children who received pre-lacteal feeds (OR=3.24, CI 1.33–7.87, P=0.007), and Muslim religion (OR=4.44, CI 1.78–11.1, P<0.001) were significantly associated with finding of another child with SAM in the family. There was high proportion of severe malnutrition in siblings of children with SAM. Consideration should be given to actively screen all under-5 children in the family of a newly diagnosed child with SAM for undernutrition.
Background: Unintentional injuries are important cause for childhood mortality and long-term morb... more Background: Unintentional injuries are important cause for childhood mortality and long-term morbidity. Developing countries accounts for majority of the childhood deaths due to unintentional injuries. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study done at a tertiary care center. Data were obtained from the records of patients. Result: A total of 180 children presented to pediatric emergency during the study period with male-to-female ratio of 2.1:1. The injuries were more common in 1-5-year age group. The most common mechanism of injuries were fall (49.4%) and hit by object (11.1%). Most of the injuries occurred at home. Median duration of arrival to hospital was 60 minutes. Out of 180 children, 19 (10.5%) required hospital admission. Injuries over the head and face were significantly associated with hospital admissions (adjusted odds ratio: 6.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.96-21.93, p=0.002). Conclusion: Pediatric injuries are common in India. Male children are at higher risk. Injuries over the head and face are associated with higher rates of hospitalization in children.
Indian Journal of Child Health, 2017
Background: Unintentional injuries are important cause for childhood mortality and long-term morb... more Background: Unintentional injuries are important cause for childhood mortality and long-term morbidity. Developing countries accounts for majority of the childhood deaths due to unintentional injuries. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study done at a tertiary care center. Data were obtained from the records of patients. Result: A total of 180 children presented to pediatric emergency during the study period with male-to-female ratio of 2.1:1. The injuries were more common in 1-5-year age group. The most common mechanism of injuries were fall (49.4%) and hit by object (11.1%). Most of the injuries occurred at home. Median duration of arrival to hospital was 60 minutes. Out of 180 children, 19 (10.5%) required hospital admission. Injuries over the head and face were significantly associated with hospital admissions (adjusted odds ratio: 6.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.96-21.93, p=0.002). Conclusion: Pediatric injuries are common in India. Male children are at higher risk. Injuries over the head and face are associated with higher rates of hospitalization in children.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2021
To the Editor:Dengue infection has emerged as an endemic in almost all states of India [1]. Child... more To the Editor:Dengue infection has emerged as an endemic in almost all states of India [1]. Children share a disproportionate burden in the prevalence and are especially vulnerable to complications [2, 3]. Clinical audit serves as a reliable tool in gauging the effectiveness and performance of care provided as compared to standard of care [4]. We performed a clinical audit of pediatric dengue case management at our emergency department. This was a retrospective record–based descriptive study conducted from September 2018 to January 2019. Data extraction was done by two clinicians independently. For each case, the accessors marked the compliance to the latest WHO protocol for assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and discharges with comments. During the study period, 408 children presented with complaints of fever, of whom, 160 were treated as dengue fever on clinical suspicion; however, 81% (131) children had laboratory evidence of dengue. We found 94% compliance in initial assessment, ...
Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 2021
and Risk Factors Study 2019 [1] highlights that 25.02% of total deaths in India are attributed to... more and Risk Factors Study 2019 [1] highlights that 25.02% of total deaths in India are attributed to communicable diseases, compounded by increasing population density (resulting in overcrowding), proportion of population in slums (resulting in poor water, sanitation, and hygiene), and poverty. This is against a deficient health-care delivery system, in terms of both infrastructure and Human Resources for Health. [2] The epidemiology of infectious diseases thus demands multisectoral, multipronged interventions to prevent, control, detect, diagnose, and treat infectious diseases.
Asian journal of psychiatry, 2020
Background: The present study was conducted to recalibrate the effectiveness of Indian Diabetes R... more Background: The present study was conducted to recalibrate the effectiveness of Indian Diabetes Risk Scores (IDRS) and Community-Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) by opportunistically screening for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HT) among the patients attending health centres, and to estimate the risk of fatal and non-fatal Cardio-Vascular Diseases (CVDs) using WHO/ISH chartMethods: All the people of age ≥30 years attending the health centers were screened for DM and HT. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were measured and BMI and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) were calculated. Risk categorization of all participants was done using IDRS, CBAC, and WHO/ISH risk prediction charts. Individuals diagnosed with DM or HT were started on treatment. The data was recorded using Epicollect5 and was analyzed using SPSS v.23 and MedCalc v.19.8. ROC curves were plotted for DM and HT with the IDRS, CBAC score and anthropometric parameters. Sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), Positiv...
Background Elderly people suffer with diverse morbidities which comes with advancement in age. Th... more Background Elderly people suffer with diverse morbidities which comes with advancement in age. There is paucity of national and regional level studies to highlight the burden of various morbidities among elderly population in a comprehensive manner, which is of paramount importance for further fine tuning of policies and strategies for geriatric people in the country. The primary objective of the study was to screen the rural elderly people for major morbidity issues, and to find out their association with sociodemographic variables.Methods This community based study was conducted in rural area of Jodhpur, India. WHO’s 10-minute comprehensive screening tool was used for screening of geriatric giants. Other tools used were; SNELLEN chart, Dementia Assessment by Rapid Test (DART), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), weighing machine and stadiometer for calculating BMI, glucometer for random capillary blood sugar, and digital sphygmomanometer. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.23, and infer...
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, 2016
Objectives: To find out the early neonatal outcome (morbidity and early neonatal mortality) of th... more Objectives: To find out the early neonatal outcome (morbidity and early neonatal mortality) of the babies born by caesarean section (CS) and to compare the outcomes between elective and emergency CS. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were noted. Results: A total of 750 neonates were enrolled and 37% were born by elective CS. Out of 750 children 55% were male newborns and 45% were females. The NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) admission requirement was 24%, whereas 3.33% of neonates died within 7 days of life. Neonatal morbidity was higher in emergency CS, similar to respiratory depression at birth (OR: 6.00, 95% CI 3.06-11.78, P < 0.001), respiratory distress (OR: 4.6, 95% CI 2.74-7.82, P < 0.001) and requirement of resuscitation (OR: 5.54, 95% CI 2.98-10.32, P < 0.001). Factors such as emergency CS [adj OR: 13.35(1.69-105.38), P = 0.014], prematurity [adj OR: 10.08 (3.33-30.47), P < 0.001] and Apgar score < 7 at 10 minutes [adj OR: 79.56 (16.63-381.50), P < 0.001] were independently associated with NICU admissions and neonatal mortality. Conclusions: Newborns delivered through emergency CS had a higher morbidity and mortality rate compared to elective CS. Adequate antenatal care and early referral may convert this emergency CS to normal or elective CS and can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2018
Background: India is facing critical problem of paucity of certified physicians in rural areas, a... more Background: India is facing critical problem of paucity of certified physicians in rural areas, although majority of the population resides in rural areas. According to rural health statistics report 2015, there is a deficit of 659 doctors in rural areas. The study was done with the objective to capture the perception among medical students (interns / postgraduates) about their preference of work place after graduation/post-graduation and to know the factors responsible for preference / non-preference.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out, among 203 medical students in a government medical college of Bhopal (M.P) from January to March 2016. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding their preference to serve in rural areas and reasons associated with their choices. The data was entered in MS excel and analysis was performed using Epi-Info7.Results: The study participants included 203 medical students, only 33 (16.26%), were willing to work in...
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2016
Endocrine disorders are common amongst Indian population, out of which thyroid disorders represen... more Endocrine disorders are common amongst Indian population, out of which thyroid disorders represent an important subset of these endocrine disorders. According to western literature, around 50% of people in the community have microscopic nodules, 5% women have overt hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, 15% have palpable goitre, 3.5% have occult papillary carcinoma & 10% demonstrate an abnormal TSH level. 1 The prevalence of these thyroid disorders varies widely according to geographical distribution, diet and nutrition, and patient population. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid disease. 2 Thyroid diseases are different from other diseases in terms of their ease of diagnosis, accessibility of medical treatment and relative visibility that even a ABSTRACT Background: Endocrine disorders are common amongst Indian population, out of which thyroid disorders represent an important subset of these endocrine disorders. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid disease. Hypothyroidism in young women is linked to menstrual irregularities, polycystic ovaries and infertility. Also, several studies have highlighted the importance of diagnosing and treating hypothyroidism in pregnancy. So, this study was done to assess the prevalence of hypothyroidism in young women attending college who are going to become pregnant in future. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done in government PG girls college of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, from October 2015 to December 2015 (3 months). The study population was the college girls in the age group 17-25 years. After taking permission from principal of the college, a survey was conducted on 249 students of M.L.B Girls College, Bhopal using a semi-structured questionnaire. It was followed by clinical examination of 249 girls and recognizing the high risk group by Zulewski's Scoring Criteria for thyroid dysfunction. Those who were having score of >5 points were taken for TSH estimation to confirm the diagnosis. Girls with history of hypothyroidism and receiving treatment were also included to calculate the prevalence. The data thus obtained was tabulated and analysis was done using MS Excel 2013. Results: Out of 249 girls, 32 girls have score >5. Thus, prevalence by clinical score came out to be 11%. Prevalence by TSH estimation came out to be 7.63%. Conclusions: Since prevalence of hypothyroidism in the college going age group came out to be 7.6% in our study, which is quite prominent and who are destined to conceive in the years to come, hence thyroid screening should be included in medical checkup in all colleges.
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, May 22, 2018
Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease. In India, ... more Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease. In India, the prevalence of hypertension is 33.8% in urban areas and 27.6% in rural areas. Hypertension is fairly common among white collar workers, owing to long working hours, sedentary lifestyle and due to lack of physical activity. This study was carried out among the office employees, who constitute one type of white collar workers. The aims and objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of hypertension among office employees and to find out the various risk factors associated with hypertension among them. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 240 employees of two offices of Bhopal city from September to November 2016. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics and various risk factors was collected. Measurement of blood pressure, height and weight of all participants were taken. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 53.33%, out of which 25.7% cases were newly diagnosed. Hypertension was positively associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, adding extra salt to food. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension among office workers is alarmingly high (53.33% hypertensives and 25% prehypertensives) which calls for implementation of some interventional measures by the concerned authorities.
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
Background: Adolescence has been defined by the WHO as the period of life spanning the ages betwe... more Background: Adolescence has been defined by the WHO as the period of life spanning the ages between 10 to 19 years. This is a vulnerable period in the human life cycle for the development of nutritional anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia among adolescents is 27% in developing countries and 6% in developed countries. The study was done with the objective to study the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls of selected urban slum of Bhopal.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months on adolescent girls residing in selected urban slum of Bhopal. 98 adolescent girls who were registered in Anganwadi and present at time of study were interviewed. The data regarding their socio-demographic profile, anthropometric measurements were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin level was also estimated using Hemocue (Hb 201) and participants were classified as having no, mild, moderate and severe anaemia based on WHO grading of anaemia. Data was...
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Papers by yachana choudhary