The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed into a global e... more The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed into a global epidemic. Due to the pathogenic virus’s high transmission rate, accurate identification and early prediction are required for subsequent therapy. Moreover, the virus’s polymorphic nature allows it to evolve and adapt to various environments, making prediction difficult. However, other diseases, such as dengue, MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS-CoV-1, and influenza, necessitate the employment of a predictor based on their genomic information. To alleviate the situation, we propose a deep learning-based mechanism for the classification of various SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, including the most recent, Omicron. Our model uses a neural network with a temporal convolution neural network to accurately identify different variants of COVID-19. The proposed model first encodes the sequences in the numerical descriptor, and then the convolution operation is applied for discriminative feature extraction from the ...
Human Activity Recognition is an active research area with several Convolutional Neural Network (... more Human Activity Recognition is an active research area with several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based features extraction and classification methods employed for surveillance and other applications. However, accurate identification of HAR from a sequence of frames is a challenging task due to cluttered background, different viewpoints, low resolution, and partial occlusion. Current CNN-based techniques use large-scale computational classifiers along with convolutional operators having local receptive fields, limiting their performance to capture long-range temporal information. Therefore, in this work, we introduce a convolution-free approach for accurate HAR, which overcomes the above-mentioned problems and accurately encodes relative spatial information. In the proposed framework, the frame-level features are extracted via pretrained Vision Transformer; next, these features are passed to multilayer long short-term memory to capture the long-range dependencies of the actions ...
Neonatal malaria is one of the differential diagnoses of sepsis in malaria endemic areas. Neonata... more Neonatal malaria is one of the differential diagnoses of sepsis in malaria endemic areas. Neonatal malaria is often Overlooked as it is considered uncommon. Transfusion acquired malaria is among the causes of neonatal malaria, as blood is rarely screened for malarial parasite. Here we present a unique case of neonatal malaria caused by exchange transfusion done for indirect hyperbillirubenemia in a G6PD deficient baby.
Electricity energy crisis croppoed up in 2009 due to widening gap in demand and supply of power ... more Electricity energy crisis croppoed up in 2009 due to widening gap in demand and supply of power in Pakistan due to declining production and increasing demand resulting from growing population and economic activities. Resultantly the industrial poduction is worsely affected due to frequent power supply shortage which is still a serious challenge to development economists and power suppliers. Also adversly affected quality of production of industries which operate on delicate material. No doubt most of the industries have since established their own energy production units yet the cost of production has further added to difficulties. This discourages enterpreneurs and retards industrial growth. This study examines and quantifies the socio-economic impact of electricity outages in the “Hayatabad Industrial Estate” Peshawar, Pakistan. In order to identify multi-dimentional impact experienced by industries i.e. extra cost of energy generation including maintenance cost of additional p...
Video anomaly recognition in smart cities is an important computer vision task that plays a vital... more Video anomaly recognition in smart cities is an important computer vision task that plays a vital role in smart surveillance and public safety but is challenging due to its diverse, complex, and infrequent occurrence in real-time surveillance environments. Various deep learning models use significant amounts of training data without generalization abilities and with huge time complexity. To overcome these problems, in the current work, we present an efficient light-weight convolutional neural network (CNN)-based anomaly recognition framework that is functional in a surveillance environment with reduced time complexity. We extract spatial CNN features from a series of video frames and feed them to the proposed residual attention-based long short-term memory (LSTM) network, which can precisely recognize anomalous activity in surveillance videos. The representative CNN features with the residual blocks concept in LSTM for sequence learning prove to be effective for anomaly detection an...
In the present study spent composts of button, oyster mushrooms and their combinations were used ... more In the present study spent composts of button, oyster mushrooms and their combinations were used both in aqueous and powdered forms for the management of bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments were conducted. Spent composts significantly reduced bacterial wilt of tomato under screen house conditions and produced larger growth inhibition zones of bacteria on artificial medium. Mixture of oyster and button mushroom restricts bacterial growth up to 8.43 mm followed by button mushroom compost with 7.80 mm. However, mixture of oyster and button composts performed better in the management of bacterial wilt of tomato than applied alone. Likewise, application of powdered spent mushroom composts was more effective than aqueous application. Similarly button mushroom compost was more effective against R. solanacearum than oyster compost both in powder and in extracted form. Mixture of oyster and button composts restricts disease severity up ...
During the present study, different fungi including Paecilomyces sp. from the rhizosphere of two ... more During the present study, different fungi including Paecilomyces sp. from the rhizosphere of two medicinal plants i.e. Aloe vera (Ghee kuwar) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) were isolated. For further biocontrol studies, Paecilomyces sp. which produced the highest (9 mm) and the lowest (2.7 mm) inhibition zone against Fusarium solani and Helminthosporium sp, respectively in dual culture tests was used. In screen house study the application of conidial concentration of Paecilomyces sp. against Fusarium wilt of chilli significantly reduced the disease. The highest disease reduction (90.1%) was recorded in the treatment when the chilli seedling roots were prior dipped in the conidial concentration of (1×10 4 conidia ml -1 ) of Paecilomyces sp. Application of Paecilomyces sp. also positively affected the yield and the biomass i.e. fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight and plant height of chilli plants.
Present study was conducted in the laboratory as well as in mushroom house to determine the effec... more Present study was conducted in the laboratory as well as in mushroom house to determine the effect of different agricultural wastes (wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, maize straw and sorghum straw) on growth, production and quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida). The culture was maintained on Malt Extract Agar medium. Spawn was prepared on wheat grains. Spawn running took less time i.e. 20 days on wheat straw as compared to other substrates. The appearance of pinhead and their maturity also took less time i.e. 29 days and 30 days, respectively on wheat straw. Maximum yield i.e. 1360 gram was recorded on wheat straw. The first flush gave the maximum yield in all treatments and there was a progressive decrease in the yield of successive flushes. The maximum biological efficiency of 136% was observed in case of wheat straw. The maximum moisture (93.44%) and ash (1.006%) were recorded in oyster mushroom obtained from sorghum straw. Percent protein content (8.75 gram), ...
Objective: This study aimed to know nurses’ knowledge regarding the prevention of Nosocomial Infe... more Objective: This study aimed to know nurses’ knowledge regarding the prevention of Nosocomial Infection in critical care areas of tertiary care hospital Peshawar, KPK. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in tertiary care hospital Peshawar, KPK. Participants were selected from critical care units by using a convenient sampling technique. Furthermore, data were collected by using the adapted questionnaire. Results: Participants of the study were 47 in which 40.4% were male and 59.6% were female. The overall knowledge of participants was calculated in percentage. 83% of participants had good knowledge, 14.90% of participants had average knowledge and 2.10% of participants had poor knowledge. For identifying the association of different variables, the Chi-square test was applied. Conclusion: The current study which was conducted in tertiary care hospital, focused on nurses ‘awareness regarding the prevention of nosocomial infection. The result of t...
Three local maize cultivars, namely Jalal, Azam and Iqbal were inoculated with Bipolaris maydis a... more Three local maize cultivars, namely Jalal, Azam and Iqbal were inoculated with Bipolaris maydis at 6, 10, 14 leaf stages and tasseling stages. Cultivars were allotted to the main plots and growth stages to the subplots, each consisting of six rows, 3m long and 75cm apart. The central two rows of each sub-plot were inoculated with 104 conidia/ml concentration of the pathogens during summer 2013 at New Developmental Farm of The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Overall, Jalal registered the lowest disease severity (1.53) on a 0-5 scale while Iqbal was observed to have the highest disease severity (2.40). Among the growth stages inoculation at the 6-leaf stage resulted in the highest disease severity (2.78) and lowest yield (5328.2kg/ha) and yield components while inoculation at the tasseling stage was found to be the least effective in terms of disease severity (1.44) and reduction in yield and yield components. Similarly, a significant interaction between the cultivars and growth ...
Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 2017
The National Internal Security Policy (NISP) initiated ten months before the Peshawar Army Public... more The National Internal Security Policy (NISP) initiated ten months before the Peshawar Army Public School (APS) assault in Dec 2014, when an all Parties meeting was directed and chaired by the PM Nawaz Sharif including the top army brass, pronounced an inclusion of twenty Points of National Action Plan (NAP) to impede the terroristic and extremist activities in the country. Recently, through a thought-process, the detailed NAP fundamentally redesigned and included two more points while setting the motives of the NISP: the establishment of Army courts to manage the postponed trials of “jet black” terrorists and death penalty reinforcement for the attackers of (APS) and other has terrorists’ activities to curb radicalism and militancy in the state. In view of this scenario, this paper attempts to propose some reflections on what are the policy management challenges in implementation of NISP and NAP? What are the deficiencies of state’s regulatory authorities which plague the effective ...
In the present study, the response of three maize varieties viz. Iqbal, Azam, and Jalal to four i... more In the present study, the response of three maize varieties viz. Iqbal, Azam, and Jalal to four inoculum levels of Bipolaris maydis (i.e 1.5x10 4 , 3x10 4 , 4.5x10 4 and 6x10 4 conidia/ml) and one control was evaluated in a field trial carried out at New Developmental Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during summer 2013. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with varieties in the main plot and inoculum levels in the sub-plots. The three maize varieties and different inoculum levels of B. maydis differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) from one another in all parameters. Similarly, interaction between the maize varieties and pathogen inoculum levels was also significant. Variety Jalal was found to be the most resistant and gave disease severity of 2.00 on a 0-5 scale. This variety registered the maximum plant height (155.07cm), fresh ear weight (1838.8 g), number of grain per ear (381.20), cob length (17.82cm), number of grain rows per cob (12.53), two hundred gra...
The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 2021
The study seeks to investigate the relationship of stock market developent with financial structu... more The study seeks to investigate the relationship of stock market developent with financial structure of firms in Pakistan. Quantitative approach is used in this study. For this purpose, secondary data is obtained from published annual reports of 100 non-financial firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008-2018. The data related to stock index is obtained from daily KSE 100 stock index ranging from 2008 to 2018. Dynamic panel model has been used; two step system GMM panel estimators are applied for empirical testing of hypothesis. The study indicates that two stock market development measures like stock market capitalization and trading volume increases the debt level in financial structure. However, stock market volatility decreases the optimal financial structure of firms. The study is beneficial for corporate managers for efficient and optimal financial decision making. Moreover, the study has novel contribution in the relationship of various stock market development measure...
In present study, the effect of a root colonizing fungus Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S as biocontrol... more In present study, the effect of a root colonizing fungus Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S as biocontrol agent (BCA) against Fusarium wilt pathogens was observed in dual culture experiment as well as under screen house conditions. Dual culture experiment was conducted to see whether EU0013_90S has an inhibitory effect on different fungal pathogens especially Fusarium wilt pathogens e.g. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 CU1, race 1 MAFF 305121, and race 2 JCM. The radial colony developments of the pathogens were inhibited by zone of different lengths. In screen house experiment, different conidial concentrations (1×104, 1×105, 1×106 ml-1) of Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S were treated with tomato seedling followed by Fusarium wilt pathogens of tomato (JCM, MAFF) having different conidial concentrations (1×105, 1 ×106, 1×107 ml-1) A week after the treatment, tomato plants were observed for external symptoms. Stunting, yellowing and wilting of leaves were caused by Fusarium oxysporum ...
This research study describes the mediating effect of career success for the relationship of shyn... more This research study describes the mediating effect of career success for the relationship of shyness with life satisfaction. Current research is based on employees of telecom sector of Lahore Pakistan. Current research proposes four hypotheses. 252 employees of telecom sector are randomly selected for collecting data. Three of the hypotheses are about direct relationships and one is about the mediation effect of career success for the relation of shyness with life satisfaction. The study provided the significant results in reaching the conclusion. All the hypotheses are accepted. Moreover, the career success partially mediates relation of shyness with life satisfaction. In future, these types of studies may also conduct on other sectors like the banking sector; textile sector and education sector for validate the results. It is also worthwhile to collect the data from employees of the Government sector of employees. For generalizing the results data will also collect cities like Isl...
Evaluation of different culture media (Corn meal agar, water meal, potato dextrose agar, malt ext... more Evaluation of different culture media (Corn meal agar, water meal, potato dextrose agar, malt extract agar) for isolation and growth of Rhizoctonia solani and phytobiocides (Neem oil, garlic, ginger, turmeric and pepper) to investigate their effect upon the inhibition of mycelial growth of R. solani was carried out in vitro. Maximum biomass (21.50 mg) was harvested from potato dextrose broth followed by malt extract broth (19.50 mg), while the lowest biomass (3.50 mg) was produced by sterilized tap water. Food poison technique was used by amendment of phytobiocides in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Neem oil was used @of 0.1 ml/20ml potato dextrose agar medium, while the rest of phytobiocides were added @of 60mg/20ml of the medium. R. solani was inoculated aseptically on the center of the phytobiocides amended medium. Results of the study revealed that all the phytobiocides reduced the colony diameters of the R. solani significantly (P<0.05) except ginger, compared with control (Un-a...
In this study threernphytobiocides (turmeric, chilli and pepper) were used in vitro and twornin s... more In this study threernphytobiocides (turmeric, chilli and pepper) were used in vitro and twornin screen house along with biocontrol agent Paecilomyces sp. against Rhizoctonia.rnsolani. All the three phytobiocides, effectively restricted the fungalrngrowth, when pre-amended in PDA medium. After 21 days of incubation the minimumrncolony diameter (32mm) was recorded in the plates that were treated withrnturmeric followed by chilli (45mm) and pepper (47mm) respectively when comparedrnwith control (56.50mm). A second experiment, to check the efficacy ofrnphytobiocides and biocontrol agent was carried out in the screen houserncondition. Two most effective phytobiocides (turmeric and chilli) andrnbiocontrol agent (Paecilomyces sp.) were used at the rate of 10 and 20rng/pot. Turmeric was found to be the most effective, decreasing disease severityrnto 10.50% when compared with diseased control. Similarly, Paecilomyces sp.rnwas also effective in reducing disease severity to 14.75%. Conversely,...
This article presents a broadband optical nano-antenna, which covers a broader range of optical c... more This article presents a broadband optical nano-antenna, which covers a broader range of optical communication wavelengths (666 to 6000 nm), used in nano-photonic applications. The proposed design is modeled and analyzed to obtain a satisfactory gain of up to 11.4 dBi for a single element-based antenna. The unique feature of the proposed antenna is the hybrid plasmonic waveguide-based feed, which receives the optical signal from the planar waveguide and redirects the signal out of the plane. The proposed antenna provides highly directional radiation properties, which makes it a suitable candidate for inter- and intra-chip optical communications and sensing applications. Moreover, an extension of the work is performed for an array configuration of the order 2 × 1 and 64 × 1, to increase the gain and directionality. Therefore, this shows that it can be equally useful for optical energy harvesting applications with a significant gain up to 26.8 dBi.
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed into a global e... more The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed into a global epidemic. Due to the pathogenic virus’s high transmission rate, accurate identification and early prediction are required for subsequent therapy. Moreover, the virus’s polymorphic nature allows it to evolve and adapt to various environments, making prediction difficult. However, other diseases, such as dengue, MERS-CoV, Ebola, SARS-CoV-1, and influenza, necessitate the employment of a predictor based on their genomic information. To alleviate the situation, we propose a deep learning-based mechanism for the classification of various SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, including the most recent, Omicron. Our model uses a neural network with a temporal convolution neural network to accurately identify different variants of COVID-19. The proposed model first encodes the sequences in the numerical descriptor, and then the convolution operation is applied for discriminative feature extraction from the ...
Human Activity Recognition is an active research area with several Convolutional Neural Network (... more Human Activity Recognition is an active research area with several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based features extraction and classification methods employed for surveillance and other applications. However, accurate identification of HAR from a sequence of frames is a challenging task due to cluttered background, different viewpoints, low resolution, and partial occlusion. Current CNN-based techniques use large-scale computational classifiers along with convolutional operators having local receptive fields, limiting their performance to capture long-range temporal information. Therefore, in this work, we introduce a convolution-free approach for accurate HAR, which overcomes the above-mentioned problems and accurately encodes relative spatial information. In the proposed framework, the frame-level features are extracted via pretrained Vision Transformer; next, these features are passed to multilayer long short-term memory to capture the long-range dependencies of the actions ...
Neonatal malaria is one of the differential diagnoses of sepsis in malaria endemic areas. Neonata... more Neonatal malaria is one of the differential diagnoses of sepsis in malaria endemic areas. Neonatal malaria is often Overlooked as it is considered uncommon. Transfusion acquired malaria is among the causes of neonatal malaria, as blood is rarely screened for malarial parasite. Here we present a unique case of neonatal malaria caused by exchange transfusion done for indirect hyperbillirubenemia in a G6PD deficient baby.
Electricity energy crisis croppoed up in 2009 due to widening gap in demand and supply of power ... more Electricity energy crisis croppoed up in 2009 due to widening gap in demand and supply of power in Pakistan due to declining production and increasing demand resulting from growing population and economic activities. Resultantly the industrial poduction is worsely affected due to frequent power supply shortage which is still a serious challenge to development economists and power suppliers. Also adversly affected quality of production of industries which operate on delicate material. No doubt most of the industries have since established their own energy production units yet the cost of production has further added to difficulties. This discourages enterpreneurs and retards industrial growth. This study examines and quantifies the socio-economic impact of electricity outages in the “Hayatabad Industrial Estate” Peshawar, Pakistan. In order to identify multi-dimentional impact experienced by industries i.e. extra cost of energy generation including maintenance cost of additional p...
Video anomaly recognition in smart cities is an important computer vision task that plays a vital... more Video anomaly recognition in smart cities is an important computer vision task that plays a vital role in smart surveillance and public safety but is challenging due to its diverse, complex, and infrequent occurrence in real-time surveillance environments. Various deep learning models use significant amounts of training data without generalization abilities and with huge time complexity. To overcome these problems, in the current work, we present an efficient light-weight convolutional neural network (CNN)-based anomaly recognition framework that is functional in a surveillance environment with reduced time complexity. We extract spatial CNN features from a series of video frames and feed them to the proposed residual attention-based long short-term memory (LSTM) network, which can precisely recognize anomalous activity in surveillance videos. The representative CNN features with the residual blocks concept in LSTM for sequence learning prove to be effective for anomaly detection an...
In the present study spent composts of button, oyster mushrooms and their combinations were used ... more In the present study spent composts of button, oyster mushrooms and their combinations were used both in aqueous and powdered forms for the management of bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments were conducted. Spent composts significantly reduced bacterial wilt of tomato under screen house conditions and produced larger growth inhibition zones of bacteria on artificial medium. Mixture of oyster and button mushroom restricts bacterial growth up to 8.43 mm followed by button mushroom compost with 7.80 mm. However, mixture of oyster and button composts performed better in the management of bacterial wilt of tomato than applied alone. Likewise, application of powdered spent mushroom composts was more effective than aqueous application. Similarly button mushroom compost was more effective against R. solanacearum than oyster compost both in powder and in extracted form. Mixture of oyster and button composts restricts disease severity up ...
During the present study, different fungi including Paecilomyces sp. from the rhizosphere of two ... more During the present study, different fungi including Paecilomyces sp. from the rhizosphere of two medicinal plants i.e. Aloe vera (Ghee kuwar) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) were isolated. For further biocontrol studies, Paecilomyces sp. which produced the highest (9 mm) and the lowest (2.7 mm) inhibition zone against Fusarium solani and Helminthosporium sp, respectively in dual culture tests was used. In screen house study the application of conidial concentration of Paecilomyces sp. against Fusarium wilt of chilli significantly reduced the disease. The highest disease reduction (90.1%) was recorded in the treatment when the chilli seedling roots were prior dipped in the conidial concentration of (1×10 4 conidia ml -1 ) of Paecilomyces sp. Application of Paecilomyces sp. also positively affected the yield and the biomass i.e. fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight and plant height of chilli plants.
Present study was conducted in the laboratory as well as in mushroom house to determine the effec... more Present study was conducted in the laboratory as well as in mushroom house to determine the effect of different agricultural wastes (wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, maize straw and sorghum straw) on growth, production and quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida). The culture was maintained on Malt Extract Agar medium. Spawn was prepared on wheat grains. Spawn running took less time i.e. 20 days on wheat straw as compared to other substrates. The appearance of pinhead and their maturity also took less time i.e. 29 days and 30 days, respectively on wheat straw. Maximum yield i.e. 1360 gram was recorded on wheat straw. The first flush gave the maximum yield in all treatments and there was a progressive decrease in the yield of successive flushes. The maximum biological efficiency of 136% was observed in case of wheat straw. The maximum moisture (93.44%) and ash (1.006%) were recorded in oyster mushroom obtained from sorghum straw. Percent protein content (8.75 gram), ...
Objective: This study aimed to know nurses’ knowledge regarding the prevention of Nosocomial Infe... more Objective: This study aimed to know nurses’ knowledge regarding the prevention of Nosocomial Infection in critical care areas of tertiary care hospital Peshawar, KPK. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in tertiary care hospital Peshawar, KPK. Participants were selected from critical care units by using a convenient sampling technique. Furthermore, data were collected by using the adapted questionnaire. Results: Participants of the study were 47 in which 40.4% were male and 59.6% were female. The overall knowledge of participants was calculated in percentage. 83% of participants had good knowledge, 14.90% of participants had average knowledge and 2.10% of participants had poor knowledge. For identifying the association of different variables, the Chi-square test was applied. Conclusion: The current study which was conducted in tertiary care hospital, focused on nurses ‘awareness regarding the prevention of nosocomial infection. The result of t...
Three local maize cultivars, namely Jalal, Azam and Iqbal were inoculated with Bipolaris maydis a... more Three local maize cultivars, namely Jalal, Azam and Iqbal were inoculated with Bipolaris maydis at 6, 10, 14 leaf stages and tasseling stages. Cultivars were allotted to the main plots and growth stages to the subplots, each consisting of six rows, 3m long and 75cm apart. The central two rows of each sub-plot were inoculated with 104 conidia/ml concentration of the pathogens during summer 2013 at New Developmental Farm of The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Overall, Jalal registered the lowest disease severity (1.53) on a 0-5 scale while Iqbal was observed to have the highest disease severity (2.40). Among the growth stages inoculation at the 6-leaf stage resulted in the highest disease severity (2.78) and lowest yield (5328.2kg/ha) and yield components while inoculation at the tasseling stage was found to be the least effective in terms of disease severity (1.44) and reduction in yield and yield components. Similarly, a significant interaction between the cultivars and growth ...
Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 2017
The National Internal Security Policy (NISP) initiated ten months before the Peshawar Army Public... more The National Internal Security Policy (NISP) initiated ten months before the Peshawar Army Public School (APS) assault in Dec 2014, when an all Parties meeting was directed and chaired by the PM Nawaz Sharif including the top army brass, pronounced an inclusion of twenty Points of National Action Plan (NAP) to impede the terroristic and extremist activities in the country. Recently, through a thought-process, the detailed NAP fundamentally redesigned and included two more points while setting the motives of the NISP: the establishment of Army courts to manage the postponed trials of “jet black” terrorists and death penalty reinforcement for the attackers of (APS) and other has terrorists’ activities to curb radicalism and militancy in the state. In view of this scenario, this paper attempts to propose some reflections on what are the policy management challenges in implementation of NISP and NAP? What are the deficiencies of state’s regulatory authorities which plague the effective ...
In the present study, the response of three maize varieties viz. Iqbal, Azam, and Jalal to four i... more In the present study, the response of three maize varieties viz. Iqbal, Azam, and Jalal to four inoculum levels of Bipolaris maydis (i.e 1.5x10 4 , 3x10 4 , 4.5x10 4 and 6x10 4 conidia/ml) and one control was evaluated in a field trial carried out at New Developmental Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during summer 2013. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with varieties in the main plot and inoculum levels in the sub-plots. The three maize varieties and different inoculum levels of B. maydis differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) from one another in all parameters. Similarly, interaction between the maize varieties and pathogen inoculum levels was also significant. Variety Jalal was found to be the most resistant and gave disease severity of 2.00 on a 0-5 scale. This variety registered the maximum plant height (155.07cm), fresh ear weight (1838.8 g), number of grain per ear (381.20), cob length (17.82cm), number of grain rows per cob (12.53), two hundred gra...
The Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 2021
The study seeks to investigate the relationship of stock market developent with financial structu... more The study seeks to investigate the relationship of stock market developent with financial structure of firms in Pakistan. Quantitative approach is used in this study. For this purpose, secondary data is obtained from published annual reports of 100 non-financial firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008-2018. The data related to stock index is obtained from daily KSE 100 stock index ranging from 2008 to 2018. Dynamic panel model has been used; two step system GMM panel estimators are applied for empirical testing of hypothesis. The study indicates that two stock market development measures like stock market capitalization and trading volume increases the debt level in financial structure. However, stock market volatility decreases the optimal financial structure of firms. The study is beneficial for corporate managers for efficient and optimal financial decision making. Moreover, the study has novel contribution in the relationship of various stock market development measure...
In present study, the effect of a root colonizing fungus Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S as biocontrol... more In present study, the effect of a root colonizing fungus Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S as biocontrol agent (BCA) against Fusarium wilt pathogens was observed in dual culture experiment as well as under screen house conditions. Dual culture experiment was conducted to see whether EU0013_90S has an inhibitory effect on different fungal pathogens especially Fusarium wilt pathogens e.g. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 CU1, race 1 MAFF 305121, and race 2 JCM. The radial colony developments of the pathogens were inhibited by zone of different lengths. In screen house experiment, different conidial concentrations (1×104, 1×105, 1×106 ml-1) of Penicillium sp. EU0013_90S were treated with tomato seedling followed by Fusarium wilt pathogens of tomato (JCM, MAFF) having different conidial concentrations (1×105, 1 ×106, 1×107 ml-1) A week after the treatment, tomato plants were observed for external symptoms. Stunting, yellowing and wilting of leaves were caused by Fusarium oxysporum ...
This research study describes the mediating effect of career success for the relationship of shyn... more This research study describes the mediating effect of career success for the relationship of shyness with life satisfaction. Current research is based on employees of telecom sector of Lahore Pakistan. Current research proposes four hypotheses. 252 employees of telecom sector are randomly selected for collecting data. Three of the hypotheses are about direct relationships and one is about the mediation effect of career success for the relation of shyness with life satisfaction. The study provided the significant results in reaching the conclusion. All the hypotheses are accepted. Moreover, the career success partially mediates relation of shyness with life satisfaction. In future, these types of studies may also conduct on other sectors like the banking sector; textile sector and education sector for validate the results. It is also worthwhile to collect the data from employees of the Government sector of employees. For generalizing the results data will also collect cities like Isl...
Evaluation of different culture media (Corn meal agar, water meal, potato dextrose agar, malt ext... more Evaluation of different culture media (Corn meal agar, water meal, potato dextrose agar, malt extract agar) for isolation and growth of Rhizoctonia solani and phytobiocides (Neem oil, garlic, ginger, turmeric and pepper) to investigate their effect upon the inhibition of mycelial growth of R. solani was carried out in vitro. Maximum biomass (21.50 mg) was harvested from potato dextrose broth followed by malt extract broth (19.50 mg), while the lowest biomass (3.50 mg) was produced by sterilized tap water. Food poison technique was used by amendment of phytobiocides in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Neem oil was used @of 0.1 ml/20ml potato dextrose agar medium, while the rest of phytobiocides were added @of 60mg/20ml of the medium. R. solani was inoculated aseptically on the center of the phytobiocides amended medium. Results of the study revealed that all the phytobiocides reduced the colony diameters of the R. solani significantly (P<0.05) except ginger, compared with control (Un-a...
In this study threernphytobiocides (turmeric, chilli and pepper) were used in vitro and twornin s... more In this study threernphytobiocides (turmeric, chilli and pepper) were used in vitro and twornin screen house along with biocontrol agent Paecilomyces sp. against Rhizoctonia.rnsolani. All the three phytobiocides, effectively restricted the fungalrngrowth, when pre-amended in PDA medium. After 21 days of incubation the minimumrncolony diameter (32mm) was recorded in the plates that were treated withrnturmeric followed by chilli (45mm) and pepper (47mm) respectively when comparedrnwith control (56.50mm). A second experiment, to check the efficacy ofrnphytobiocides and biocontrol agent was carried out in the screen houserncondition. Two most effective phytobiocides (turmeric and chilli) andrnbiocontrol agent (Paecilomyces sp.) were used at the rate of 10 and 20rng/pot. Turmeric was found to be the most effective, decreasing disease severityrnto 10.50% when compared with diseased control. Similarly, Paecilomyces sp.rnwas also effective in reducing disease severity to 14.75%. Conversely,...
This article presents a broadband optical nano-antenna, which covers a broader range of optical c... more This article presents a broadband optical nano-antenna, which covers a broader range of optical communication wavelengths (666 to 6000 nm), used in nano-photonic applications. The proposed design is modeled and analyzed to obtain a satisfactory gain of up to 11.4 dBi for a single element-based antenna. The unique feature of the proposed antenna is the hybrid plasmonic waveguide-based feed, which receives the optical signal from the planar waveguide and redirects the signal out of the plane. The proposed antenna provides highly directional radiation properties, which makes it a suitable candidate for inter- and intra-chip optical communications and sensing applications. Moreover, an extension of the work is performed for an array configuration of the order 2 × 1 and 64 × 1, to increase the gain and directionality. Therefore, this shows that it can be equally useful for optical energy harvesting applications with a significant gain up to 26.8 dBi.
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Papers by waseem ullah